Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C1332347 (ADH)
 2,230 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

On mission days 216-219 two crewmembers collected urine and recorded their food and water consumption during three days on end. The cosmonaut-physician withdrew blood samples from the vein and finger. In addition, he made venipuncture to himself and drew blood. Urine and blood samples were frozen and returned to the ground for analysis. In spite of individual variations of each cosmonaut, they all showed a trend for water and sodium retention which was provided by adequate hormonal rearrangement, i. e. increased production of ADH and aldosterone. No disorders in calcium and phosphorus metabolism were seen. Immediately postflight the cosmonauts displayed typical changes in fluid-electrolyte balance and renal function that suggested body dehydration and adjustment to Earth's gravity.
 ...
PMID:[Status of water-electrolyte homeostasis and the systems of hormonal regulation during 237-day space flight]. 187 Mar 11

The effects of chronic phosphate depletion on vasopressin (ADH) secretion and kidney tissue ADH concentration were examined in rats fed on a diet containing 0.26% phosphorus (LP) or 0.99% phosphorus (NP). The concentration of plasma phosphorus (P) fell significantly in the LP rats after a 4-week period on the experimental diet. There was no significant difference between the LP and NP rats as regards their plasma ADH concentrations and kidney tissue ADH concentrations in normal hydration after a 4-week period on the experimental diets. Following hypertonic saline tests, the plasma ADH concentrations increased significantly in the LP and NP rats, but there was no significant difference between the groups. The kidney medulla and papilla ADH concentrations increased significantly with plasma ADH elevations in both groups. Again, no difference could be found in the cortico-medullary ADH concentration gradients between the two groups. These results indicate that chronic hypophosphatemia in phosphate depleted rats may not be related to ADH secretion and the distribution or tissue concentration of ADH in the kidney. Further, our data suggest that a low plasma P does not influence the ability of ADH to bind to kidney receptor in rats.
 ...
PMID:Effect of phosphate depletion on vasopressin secretion and kidney tissue vasopressin concentration in rats. 235 63

The stress response in humans commonly includes elevations in plasma concentrations of glucocorticoids, catecholamines, glucagon, growth hormone, aldosterone, and renin, resulting in alterations in the metabolism of glucose and other energy substrates, and in increased sodium and water retention. In severe illness, triiodothyronine and sometimes thyroxine are decreased without evidence of clinical hypothyroidism. Antidiuretic hormone may be elevated in bacterial meningitis and other central nervous system disorders, as well as in acute asthma, chronic ventilator therapy, pneumothorax, atelectasis, and postoperatively. Increased ADH concentration can lead to significant hypoosmolality and hyponatremia with adverse effects on the patient. In the setting of severe intracerebral insults, ADH may be inappropriately low, resulting in diabetes insipidus. Insulin concentrations may be inappropriately low for serum glucose concentration, or insulin may have diminished receptor responsiveness in seriously stressed patients. Either situation leads to hyperglycemia. Disturbances in calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium homeostasis may occur relatively frequently in the critically ill patient in response to therapeutic interventions, or illness-induced altered metabolism. It is not always clear when an altered metabolic or hormonal state is an appropriate response to a stress, or represents decompensation of the body's mechanisms for coping with that stress. It is important, however to recognize the common responses of the organism to severe illness, and to monitor for treatable abnormalities which occur.
 ...
PMID:Endocrine manifestations of critical illness in the child. 354 20

The present work is emphasised with the herbicidal tolerance of Azolla pinnata R.Br. and its modulation with TiO2 nano-particle. Both carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism were effected with 2,4-D as herbicide and in few cases TiO2-NP had recovered few detrimental effects. From the nutrient status in Azolla it recorded the recovery of nitrogen as well as potassium by TiO2-NP but not in case of phosphorus. However, a conversion of nitrate to ammonium was more induced by TiO2-NP under herbicidal toxicity. Similar results were obtained for inter-conversion of amino acid-nitrate pool, but no changes with glutamine synthase activity with TiO2-NP. Initially, the effects of 2,4-D was monitored with changes of chlorophyll content but had not been recovered with nanoparticle. Photosynthetic reserves expressed as both total and reducing sugar were insensitive to TiO2-NP interference but activity of soluble and wall bound invertase was in reverse trend as compared to control. The 2,4-D mediated changes of redox and its oxidative stress was ameliorated in plants with over expressed ADH activity. As a whole the Azolla bio system with TiO2 supplementation may be useful in sustenance against 2,4-D toxicity through recovery of nitrogen metabolism. Thus, Azolla-TiO2-NP bio system would be realised to monitor the herbicidal toxicity in soil and its possible bioremediation.
 ...
PMID:Modulation of physiological responses with TiO2 nano-particle in Azolla pinnata R.Br. under 2,4-D toxicity. 2987 37