Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C1332347 (ADH)
 2,230 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Female Charles River rats, 250-300 g, were used in all experiments. The rats were divided into the following experimental groups. Group A: Normal rats were injected with 1 ml saline intravenously. Exactly after 8 min the kidneys were excised as rapidly as possible. The papilla was dissected and cortical and medullary slices were prepared. Immediately following the excision T1 and T2 were measured with a Bruker PC-20 Minispec spectrometer operating at 20 MHz at 37 + 1 degree C. Water content (PW) of the samples was calculated as a percentage tissue weight, after 24 h drying to constant weight. The fraction bound (FB = % water bound) and hydration fraction (% water bound/g solid) were computed from T1 relaxation time, and the PW, according to a fast proton diffusion model. Group B: As group A but 3 min after the saline administration bolus of 1 ml solution of Gd DTPA. 70 mumol/kg body weight, was given intravenously. Group C: As group A but instead of saline the rats were given a solution of ADH (5 mU/kg body weight i.v.). Group D: As group C plus Gd DTPA as in group B. Group E: As group A but instead of saline the rats were given a solution of angiotensin II (Ag II) (5 micrograms/kg body weight). Group F: As group E plus Gd DTPA as in group B. In groups B-F the magnetic resonance and water distribution were determined and calculated as in group A. In the normal rats there is a prolongation of T1, T2 and an increased total water content from the cortex to the papilla.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Renal proton magnetic resonance and bound and free water distribution in the normal, angiotensin II-and ADH-infused rats, before and after Gd DTPA paramagnetic enhancement. 325 23

Congenital panhypopituitarism is a rare disease. It may be a complication of tumors, craniocerebral trauma, infection, granulomatous diseases, vascular pathologies, etc. In many cases no primary disease causing panhypopituitarism is found (idiopathic form). A potential reason is interruption of the pituitary stalk due to ischemic etiology in patients with cord encirclement and/or other birth injuries leading to interruption of the axonal transport of ADH and oxytocin as well as hypothalamic releasing hormones. This explains the ectopy of the neurohypophysis without diabetes insipidus and the hypoplasia of the adenohypophysis. GH-deficiency causes short stature and metabolic disturbances, LH-FSH-deficiency amenorrhoea/oligomenorrhoea, loss of libido and secondary sexual characteristics, TRH-deficiency hypothyroidism and ACTH-deficiency hypotonia, weakness, loss of pigmentation. We report a case of congenital panhypopituitarism. MR imaging of the brain revealed a hypoplastic adenohypophysis and a hypoplastic pituitary stalk which was interrupted in its superior segment. An ectopic neurohypophysis was found located in the area of the hypothalamus ("hypothalamic hot spot"). The ectopic neurohypophysis showed strong enhancement after intravenous application of Gd-DTPA. MR imaging of the hypothalamic-hypophyseal axis is well suited for the differentiation between congenital and acquired forms of panhypopituitarism in clinically uncertain cases.
 ...
PMID:[Neuro-MR-findings in primary panhypopituitarism]. 979 7

Aspirin increases blood alcohol levels after post-prandial alcohol consumption in men. This was attributed to a decrease in first pass metabolism secondary to inhibition of gastric alcohol dehydrogenase. Since accelerated gastric emptying, decreased volume of distribution or delayed elimination could also result in higher blood alcohol levels, we investigated the effect of aspirin (1 g taken with a meal) on these parameters. Aspirin did not change the volume of ethanol distribution or the rate of its elimination. Moreover, it did not have a significant effect on gastric emptying. The half-time of 99Tc-DTPA loss was 65.5+/-5.4 minutes without and 71.3+/-6.5, with aspirin. Despite a trend for slower gastric emptying with aspirin, the alcohol bioavailability increased and was associated with a 39% decrease in the first pass metabolism of alcohol (from 106+/-4 to 65+/-19 mg/kg, p<0.05), consistent with the inhibition of gastric ADH activity. In keeping with this interpretation, the effect of aspirin was virtually absent in women, who have a much smaller first pass metabolism available for inhibition by aspirin.
 ...
PMID:Mechanism of the aspirin-induced rise in blood alcohol levels. 1062 35