Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1332347 (ADH)
 2,230 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

AVP dependent adenylate cyclase activity was measured in single pieces of 8 different tubular segments isolated from collagenase treated rabbit kidneys. High responses were observed in all the tested portions of the collecting tubule, that is its cortical branched part (BCT), its cortical straight part (CCT) and its outer medullary part (MCT). Dose response curves indicated in CCT: 2 fold threshold stimulation at 10(-11) M AVP, 27 fold stimulation at 10(-6) M AVP, half maximal stimulation at about 10(-9) M AVP. Both the medullary (MAL) and, to a lesser extent, the cortical (CAL) portions of the thick ascending limb were also observed to contain AVP sensitive adenylate cyclase (for MAL: 2 fold threshold stimulation at 10(-9) M AVP, 9 fold stimulation at 10(-7) M AVP, half maximal stimulation at 5 X 10(-9) M AVP). In contrast, nearly no responsiveness to AVP was observed in the proximal convoluted tubule, in the thin descending limb of the loop and in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT). The limited response obtained in DCT (which is a structure generally considered as a target site for AVP) as well as the clearcut effect elicited by AVP in MAL (the functioning of which is not known to be controlled by ADH) were expected observations; their possible physiological implications will be discussed.
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PMID:Vasopressin dependent adenylate cyclase in single segments of rabbit kidney tubule. 17 59

Plasma AVP level, neurophysins and osmolality have been measured in 10 patients with oat cell carcinoma of the lung but without any biological signs of syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH), before and 15 mn after an intravenous injection of Ethanol. No statistically significant difference was noted in the AVP, neurophysins and osmolality values between 10 patients with asymptomatic oat cell carcinoma and control population (10 normal volunteers, 12 patients with non neoplasic lung pathology and 10 patients with different lung carcinoma). We concluded that AVP and neurophysins cannot be considered as a good tumoral marker in the detection of oat cell carcinoma of the lung.
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PMID:[Systematic evaluation of 8 arginine vasopressin and neurophysins plasma levels in 10 patients with oat cells carcinoma of the lung (author's transl)]. 22 60

In order to investigate the vasopressor role of ADH in the regulation of blood pressure, passive immunization experiments with an antibody to AVP were carried out in experimentally hypertensive rats. In hypertensive rats treated with deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA), spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats (SHR-sp), the intravenous injection of a specific vasopressin antibody resulted in a transient fall of blood pressure of 11 approximately 25mmHg, while in rats with two-kidney Goldblatt hypertension and normal rats, the blood pressure was not affected. This strongly suggests that ADH contributed to systemic vaso-constriction in DOCA hypertension and spontaneous hypertension in rats.
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PMID:[The vasopressor role of ADH in the maintenance of blood pressure in experimentally hypertensive rats (author's transl)]. 49 16

We monitored the plasma and urine osmolalities, fractional excretion of sodium, fractional excretion of chloride, plasma levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH, AVP), aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) before and after acute water ingestion in 12 patients with overt hypothyroidism. The ability of the patients to dilute and concentrate urine was found impaired and the ability of excretion of water load decreased and delayed. Acute water load test was proved to be effective in evaluating the urinary excreting function for the patients. We hypothesize that inappropriate secretion of anti-diuretic hormone and elevated plasma ANP may be homeostatic factors for abnormal urinary excretion in patients with hypothyroidism.
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PMID:Effect of acute water loading on plasma levels of antidiuretic hormone AVP aldosterone, ANP fractional excretion of sodium and plasma and urine osmolalities in myxedema. 214 45

Human vasopressin (arginine-vasopressin, AVP, antidiuretic hormone, ADH) was estimated, after protein precipitation and extraction in ethanol, using a new radioimmunoassay from Immuno Technology Service, Wijchen, Netherlands. Concentrations in human seminal plasma were 1.84 +/- 1.23 (0.6-4.1) pg/ml, estimated in good duplicates in all 20 samples, where 1 pg = 0.410 uIU/ml WHO 1st 77/501. This is about the same concentration as in blood serum, for which levels up to 8 pg/ml are found by the same kit. In contrast, only trace amounts of vasopressin were found in amniotic fluid at 16-22 weeks of gestation, with zero values in 8 of 19 samples, while another 9 samples showed zero in one duplicate and up to 0.46 pg/ml in the other duplicate, and one sample showed 0.09 pg/ml in good duplicates.
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PMID:Vasopressin: another pregnancy protein in human seminal plasma. 226 24

Experiments were designed to determine the action of regulatory peptides and potassium on the secretion of tissue kallikrein by the isolated perfused rat kidney. Such experiments indicated that in spite of the directly evoked release of kallikrein by arginine-vasopressin (AVP, ADH), oxytocin and potassium from isolated renal cortical slices, the secretion and clearance of active and total tissue kallikrein by the isolated kidney was primarily sensitive to changes in the perfusion pressure.
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PMID:Release of tissue kallikrein from the isolated perfused kidney. 294 42

The medullary thick ascending limb (MAL), but not the medullary collecting tubule (MCT), has been shown to have an impaired adenylate cyclase (AC) responsiveness to ADH and a selective hypoplasia in Brattleboro diabetes insipidus (DI) rats. Since chronic ADH administration has been found to increase epithelium volume and basolateral membrane surface area in MAL but not in MCT, we investigated whether chronic ADH infusion would affect the hormone-sensitive AC and the Na-K-ATPase activity--two markers of the basolateral membrane--in single micro-dissected portions of thick ascending limb and collecting tubule in DI rats. Results indicate that 1. in MAL of ADH-treated rats, AC responses to in vitro AVP and glucagon and Na-K-ATPase activity increased to the same extent as did epithelium volume (60-80%); 2. changes in the other segments were independent of any morphological alteration. In the cortical thick ascending limb, AVP and glucagon-sensitive AC decreased by 30-40% whereas Na-K-ATPase activity did not change. In the collecting tubule, AC response to in vitro AVP was not altered by ADH-treatment but glucagon-sensitive AC dropped by 50% and Na-K-ATPase activity doubled, independently of any variation in plasma aldosterone and glucagon levels. These results show that, in the MAL, the ADH-induced variations in enzyme activity are a reflection of the enlargement of the basolateral membrane surface area. Further studies are needed to clarify the origin of enzymatic alterations in the other segments.
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PMID:Influence of chronic ADH treatment on adenylate cyclase and ATPase activity in distal nephron segments of diabetes insipidus Brattleboro rats. 299 94

Wistar rats were injected just once, intraperitoneally with cortisol (1 microgram/g) or saline at the age of 5 days. The cortisol-treated rats did not differ significantly in the (U/P)osm ratio from the saline-treated controls before 15 days of life. Their response to ADH was distinct but weaker than in the saline controls aged 30 days. This reduced response persisted to 60 days of life. In the collecting tubule fragments, (3H)AVP specific binding was lower in the cortisol-treated rats than in the controls at the age of 20 and 60 days. There was no (3H)AVP specific binding in the proximal convoluted tubules in the cortisol- and saline-injected rats of both ages. The ontogenetic patterns of cAMP specific binding in the papillary cytosolic fraction were different: the early increase in cAMP binding was protracted in the cortisol-treated rats, and no peak appeared at the age of 25 days. Cytosolic protein kinase activity was lower, no peak appeared at 30 days, no activation of protein kinase occurred to the end of weaning in the cortisol-treated rats. The difference between the cortisol and saline groups was abolished by day 30. The interference of cortisol with the ontogenetic changes in AVP binding capacity and cAMP-dependent protein kinase appears to be a plausible cause of the altered development of the response to ADH.
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PMID:Decrease in the response to ADH of the rat kidney as a result of early postnatal treatment with cortisol. 303 81

Osmoreceptor sensitivity is enhanced in healthy elderly subjects and AVP secretion is increased, relative to that of younger subjects, when plasma osmolality rises. Increased AVP secretion/unit increase in plasma tonicity reflects a decrease in collecting tubule sensitivity to AVP by an as yet unknown mechanism in the aged kidney. This change in sensitivity is not completely offset by increased ADH release, so that maximum Uosm achievable under hydropenic conditions (concentrating ability) is reduced in the elderly. CH2O in older subjects decreases in proportion to the fall in GFR; thus, CH2O is intact in older subjects with preserved GFR. In subjects with age-related reductions in GFR, minimal Uosm achievable is usually less than 100 mOsm per kg H2O and thus usually sufficient to meet the demands of solute-free water intake so that plasma hypo-osmolarity does not result. Increasing exposure of the elderly to pharmacologic agents that reduce CH2O is primarily responsible for the impression that aged patients are at increased risk for hyponatremia.
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PMID:Water excretion in the elderly. 332 20

Although an impairment in renal water excretion is a commonly encountered clinical problem in cirrhotic patients, the mechanisms responsible for this abnormality are uncertain. ADH levels are elevated in some patients with decompensated cirrhosis, but a causal relationship between these levels and impaired water excretion has not been established. Since in normal man, water immersion to the neck (NI) results in a preferential central hypervolemia (CV), without plasma compositional change, and a resultant suppression of AVP, we designed the present study to determine if the diuretic response of cirrhotic patients to NI is mediated by a decrease in AVP. 17 cirrhotic patients with ascites were studied following 14 h of dehydration on two occasions: during a seated control study (C) and during 4 h of NI. AVP, determined by RIA, was measured every 30 min. 12 of the 17 patients manifested a diuresis that equalled or exceeded that documented in normal hydropenic subjects during immersion. NI did not alter mean AVP as compared with either the pre-study hour or those of the corresponding control study. Furthermore, peak V and CH2O varied independently of prestudy AVP (r = -0.116), mean change in AVP (r = -0.060), as well as nadir AVP levels (r = -0.122). The demonstration of a diuresis in some of the subjects, occurring without concomitant suppression of plasma AVP, suggests that ADH may constitute a permissive rather than pivotal factor in the impaired water excretion of many patients with advanced liver disease.
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PMID:Relationship between plasma arginine vasopressin and renal water handling in decompensated cirrhosis. 637 13


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