Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1323099 (sympathomimetic)
 2,957 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thin layer chromatographic behavior of some sympathomimetic amines in the presence of acids in neutral and organic solvent systems is reported. The sympathomimetic amines were dissolved in 0.1N HCl or ethanol and treated with bromocresol green or p-nitrobenzoyl chloride reagents on fiber sheets or precoated glass plates. Two-, 3-, and 4-, component solvent systems were tested. Benzene-ethyl acetate gave 2 spots for each amine standard; the more polar spots were satisfactorily separated. Amines in pharmaccuticals were not separated by any solvent system tested.
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PMID:Thin layer chromatographic identification of some sympathomimetic amines. 1 Dec 5

Subtetanic contractions of the guinea-pig isolated soleus, a slow-contracting skeletal muscle, were evoked by transmural field-stimulation. Isoprenaline caused a dose-dependent depression of the contractions. This effect was inhibited by propranolol and H 35/25 (1-(p-tolyl-2-isopropylamino-1-propanol) but not by practolol. Similar results were obtained for terbutaline. Tazolol and H 80/62 (1-isopropylamino-3-(p-hydroxyphenoxy)-2-propanol (HCl), selective beta1-agonists, had no effect per se but inhibited the effect of terbutaline. Adrenaline, noradrenaline, and dopamine all caused a dose-dependent decrease in the force of the soleus contractions, their potencies being in that order. Tyramine did not appreciably affect the contractions nor did it inhibit the effect of terbutaline. Pretreatment with reserpine, if anything, increased the response to terbutaline. It is concluded, in conformity with previous in vivo studies, that the adrenergic receptor mediating the effect on the soleus muscle contractions is of the beta2-type. Indirect sympathomimetic effects do not contribute to the responses observed on the isolated soleus muscle.
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PMID:Analysis of the beta-receptor mediated effect on slow-contracting skeletal muscle in vitro. 2 Dec 60

The perinatal mortality rate for twin gestation is in the range of 15%, and this is due predominantly to prematurity, although twins may also be born growth retarded. Ritodrine HCl, a beta sympathomimetic drug, has been shown to be effective, both in stopping premature labor and in preventing intrauterine growth retardation. With this in mind, a double-blind study using ritodrine HCl or placebo was begun in order to study its effect on premature labor, intrauterine growth retardation, and the perinatal mortality rate in twins. Thus far, 30 patients have delivered and have been followed to 6 weeks postpartum. Although the results on individual patients have remained blinded to the investigators, an initial evaluation of the ritodrine and placebo groups have revealed no difference with respect to gestational age, birth weight, or perinatal mortality. These preliminary results are not significant. However, it appears that ritodrine HCl is a safe oral agent for the antepartum gravida and her fetus. The study will be continued until approximately 100 patients have been enrolled.
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PMID:Ritodrine HCL for the prevention of premature labor in twin pregnancies. 80 12

Current gingival retraction agents are not without undesirable side-effects; there appears to be no ideal gingival retraction agent. Several sympathomimetic amines, capable of producing local vasoconstriction with minimal systemic side-effects, are available as non-prescription nasal decongestants and eye washes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of three of these agents for gingival tissue displacement. Mongrel dogs were used as experimental subjects, in which pulse rate and blood pressure were monitored electronically. Visine (tetrahydrozoline HCl, 0.05%), Afrin (oxymetazoline, 0.05%), and Neosynephrine (phenylephrine HCl, 0.25%) were the commercial products studied as gingival retraction agents. Plain, untreated cord was used as a mechanical control, and as a vehicle for the three experimental agents. Commercially available cords impregnated with both racemic epinephrine (8%) and alum were also used as standard retraction agents with which the test solutions were compared. Visine and Afrin produced tissue displacement greater than that of any of the other agents; Neosynephrine, epinephrine, and alum were more effective than the untreated mechanical control. Cardiovascular changes included a slight increase in systolic pressure in the Neosynephrine group, and a slightly lower mean arterial pressure and pulse rate in all three experimental groups.
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PMID:Evaluation of new gingival retraction agents. 196 Feb 57

Cocaine is a potent sympathomimetic drug, and has been implicated as a causative factor in cardiac seizures. However, little is known about the effect of the drug on myocardial substrate utilization. In the present study, rats were injected intravenously with saline solution or one of three doses of cocaine-HCl (1.25, 5.0, 10.0 mg/kg) and subsequently rested or exercised (22 m/min at 15% grade) for 20 minutes. Hearts were removed and frozen within 30 seconds after the injection of anesthetic and within 10 seconds after opening the thoracic cavity. The mean values for resting glycogen content ranged from 24.9 to 27.0 mumol/g, and for glucose-6-phosphate, from 0.27 to 0.30 mumol/g across groups. These values were unaffected by cocaine or exercise. We conclude, based on the conditions of this study, that cocaine has no direct or indirect effect on glycogen storage of the myocardium at rest or during exercise.
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PMID:Cocaine does not alter cardiac glycogen content at rest or during exercise. 281 77

Hemodynamic changes after intravenous application of 10 mg celiprolol-HCl (3-[3-acetyl-4-(3-tert-butylamino-2-hydroxy-propoxy)-phenyl]-1,1-diethyl urea hydrochloride. Selectol; in the following briefly called celiprolol) were investigated over an interval of 30 min in 15 patients with angiographically determined coronary heart disease and depressed left ventricular function (ejection fraction less than 60%, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) greater than 12 mmHg). One patient suffered from severe left ventricular failure with lung edema and could not be evaluated. The heart rate was not influenced, the arterial pressure was significantly reduced (p less than 0.01), similarly LVEDP (p less than 0.001), and pulmonary pressure (p less than 0.01). Cardiac output and total peripheral resistance were not changed significantly. The hemodynamic working profile of celiprolol in patients with depressed left ventricular function is that of a beta 1-receptor blocker with a strong intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA = Intrinsic Sympathetic Activity) and vasodilating properties--even on preload. The intravenous application of celiprolol in patients with severely depressed left ventricular function can cause pump failure.
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PMID:[Hemodynamic effects of intravenously administered celiprolol in patient with coronary heart disease and depressed left ventricular function]. 288 31

The effects of intravenous (i.v.) cocaine HCl on single identified spontaneously firing noradrenergic neurons in the nucleus locus coeruleus (LC) were studied in rats in vivo. Cocaine (0.25-1 mg/kg) produced inhibition of spontaneously firing LC neurons, which was reversed by the administration of the selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, piperoxane (250 micrograms/kg, i.v.). Procaine, a local anesthetic that is structurally related to cocaine, did not inhibit LC neurons in doses up to 4 mg/kg, i.v. These results suggest that cocaine in low doses has significant central sympathomimetic effects at the single noradrenergic neuron level and that the inhibition of spontaneous activity may be mediated by alpha 2-adrenoceptors. Our results also indicate that cocaine in pharmacologically relevant doses, can significantly affect central alpha 2-adrenoceptor regulatory processes.
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PMID:Effects of cocaine on the electrical activity of single noradrenergic neurons from locus coeruleus. 300 6

The relationship between accommodative fluctuations and perimetric sensitivity was investigated in a group of 10 clinically normal emmetropic subjects using the Dicon AP3000 computer-assisted perimeter at a bowl luminance of 10 asb. Accommodative microfluctuations were attenuated with the antimuscarinic drug cyclopentolate HCl 1% and the concomitant mydriasis was matched on a separate trial using the sympathomimetic phenylephrine HCl 10%. Saline 0.9% was used as the control. Accommodative microfluctuations were found to play a minor role in determining the magnitude of sensitivity out to an eccentricity of 5 degrees; between 5 degrees and 27.5 degrees, the effect of microfluctuations was masked by the mydriasis produced by the drugs used in the study. The range of sensitivity values at a given location were reduced when accommodative fluctuations were minimized.
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PMID:Factors affecting the normal perimetric profile derived by automated static threshold LED perimetry. II. Accommodative microfluctuations. 341 26

This study concerns the sexual functions of 101 patients who had undergone bilateral retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for stage I or II nonseminomatous testicular cancer between 1969 and 1982. All patients were without evidence of disease after at least 4 years of follow-up. Antegrade ejaculation was present in 12 patients, while 89 patients experienced "dry ejaculation." Urine collected after intercourse or masturbation from 75 patients with dry ejaculation showed retrograde ejaculation in 55 and lack of ejaculatory emission into the urethra in 20 patients. Regarding other sexual functions, 17 patients had a diminished sexual desire (especially those patients who had received radiotherapy), 12 experienced difficulty reaching organism, and 6 complained of erectile dysfunction. The incidence of a contralateral hydrocele developing after retroperitoneal lymph node dissection seems to correlate with ligation of the contralateral spermatic vessels and their lymphatics. A review of the literature is presented comparing the types of dissection with the incidence of sexual disorders after retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Since preserving normal ejaculation and fertility is important, a modified or unilateral retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, when required, is advocated. In patients, with stage I disease the therapy may be limited to an orchiectomy without lymph node dissection. In patients with retroperitoneal lymph node metastases combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and tumor excision gives good results. Patients with true retrograde ejaculation can be treated with alpha-sympathomimetic drugs such as imipramine HCl, and thus be offered the chance of fatherhood by coitus.
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PMID:Sexual function after bilateral retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for nonseminomatous testicular cancer. 367 73

The pharmacological properties of two selective inhibitors of monoamine oxidase (MAO) type B, L-deprenyl and MDL 72145 [(E)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-fluoroallylamine, HCl], have been investigated in rats and mice in relation to their effects on MAO. Selective inhibition of MAO B achieved following 18 h pretreatment with L-deprenyl and/or MDL 72145 did not per se lead to prominent pharmacological activity; no effects were seen in the mouse "Behavioural Despair" test, hypothermia induced by reserpine in mice was neither prevented nor reversed and there was no change in the cardiovascular responsiveness of the pithed rat to tyramine, noradrenaline or stimulation of the spinal sympathetic outflow. L-Deprenyl differed from MDL 72145 in that short term treatment with this drug caused positive effects in the "Behavioural Despair" test, reversal of reserpine hypothermia, indirect sympathomimetic stimulation of blood pressure and heart rate in the pithed rat and ipsilateral rotation in rats with unilateral nigro-striatal lesions. Qualitatively similar effects were seen with dexamphetamine. The marked difference between the pharmacological effects of MDL 72145 and L-deprenyl despite equivalent inhibition of MAO B suggests that many of the pharmacological actions of L-deprenyl result from its amphetamine-like sympathomimetic properties. MDL 72145 can, therefore, be considered a more reliable tool with which to explore the functional importance of MAO B inhibition in experimental animals and man.
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PMID:The functional consequences of inhibition of monoamine oxidase type B: comparison of the pharmacological properties of L-deprenyl and MDL 72145. 393 59


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