Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1323099 (sympathomimetic)
 2,957 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sexual dysfunction frequently occurs following radical operation for cancer of intrapelvic organs. However, the number of impotent patients with colon and rectal cancer who actually visited our Reproduction Center complaining of impotence after operation accounted for only 31 (1.8%) out of the 1,686 impotent cases during past 8 years; of these 31 patients who complained of impotence after operation by Miles method, 79% were considered to suffer from organic impotence, while 62% of those having undergone anterior resection suffered organic impotence. Even in cases in whom no erection occurs due to some disorder in the nervous system, intracavernous injection treatment using vasoactive agents (papaverine or prostaglandin E1) can be effective if the vascular system is normal. In cases which do not react to this treatment, intrapenile transplantation of various silicone prostheses is tried. Moreover, administration of sympathomimetic agents (imipramine and so on) is undertaken in cases with retrograde ejaculation, among those with ejaculatory disorders, and if no effect is obtained by this administration, artificial insemination is tried using semen ejaculated into the bladder. In cases in whom no ejaculation occurs, even into the bladder, artificial ejaculation is attempted by spinal infusion of prostigmin, and when no effect is obtained, artificial insemination is tried using semen retained in an artificial spermatocele implanted in the tail of the epididymis.
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PMID:[Sexual dysfunction following radical operation for cancer of the rectum and colon]. 218 5

Labetalol is a combined alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent for oral and intravenous use in the treatment of hypertension. It is a nonselective antagonist at beta-adrenoceptors and a competitive antagonist of postsynaptic alpha 1-adrenoceptors. Labetalol is more potent at beta that at alpha 1 adrenoceptors in man; the ratio of beta-alpha antagonism is 3:1 after oral and 6.9:1 after intravenous administration. Labetalol is readily absorbed in man after oral administration, but the drug, which is lipid soluble, undergoes considerable hepatic first-pass metabolism and has an absolute bioavailability of approximately 25%. There are no active metabolites, and the elimination half-life of the drug is approximately 6 hours. Unlike conventional beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, labetalol, when given acutely, produces a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure with little alteration in heart rate or cardiac output. However, like conventional beta-blockers, labetalol may influence the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and respiratory function. Clinical studies have shown that the antihypertensive efficacy of labetalol is superior to placebo and to diuretic therapy and is at least comparable to that of conventional beta-blockers, methyldopa, clonidine and various adrenergic neuronal blockers. Labetalol administered alone or with a diuretic is often effective when other antihypertensive regimens have failed. Studies have shown that labetalol is effective in the treatment of essential hypertension, renal hypertension, pheochromocytoma, pregnancy hypertension and hypertensive emergencies. In addition, preliminary studies indicate that labetalol may be of value in the management of ischemic heart disease. The most troublesome side effect of labetalol therapy is posture-related dizziness. Other reported side effects of the drug include gastrointestinal disturbances, tiredness, headache, scalp tingling, skin rashes, urinary retention and impotence. Side effects related to the beta-adrenoceptor blocking effect of labetalol, including asthma, heart failure and Raynaud's phenomenon, have been reported in rare instances.
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PMID:Labetalol: a review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical uses and adverse effects. 631 May 29

Priapism is a rare disease that has been treated both by conservative methods and surgically. Its incidence has increased during recent years because of the use of vasoactive drugs for the treatment of impotence. Data on 207 patients treated for priapism in 1973-1990 were collected from Finnish hospitals in order to study the primary results and complications of different treatment modalities. The material was divided into two nine-year periods. Only nine out of 79 patients treated conservatively (11%) gained relief from priapism, whereas surgery was successful in 59% of cases. The duration of symptoms before hospitalization had shortened during the years and surgical procedures had become more popular, with improved results. Priapism caused by the injection of vasoactive drugs or priapism of short duration caused by some other mechanism was treated successfully with aspiration and the injection of sympathomimetic drugs. Nearly all cases of priapism of duration of less than four days were treated successfully with small shunts. The most common complications were infections, but these could be prevented with prophylactic antibiotics. Aspiration and injection of sympathomimetic drugs can be recommended as the primary treatment for priapism, and if this fails, small shunts. Prophylactic antibiotics are necessary.
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PMID:Treatment of priapism: primary results and complications in 207 patients. 773 15

Priapism is a genitourinary emergency that demands a thorough, time-sensitive evaluation. There are 3 types of priapism: ischemic, nonischemic, and recurrent ischemic priapism; ischemic priapism accounts for 95% of cases. Ischemic priapism must be treated within 4 to 6 hours to minimize morbidity, including impotence. The diagnosis of ischemic priapism relies heavily on the history and physical examination and may be facilitated by penile blood gas analysis and penile ultrasound. This issue reviews current evidence regarding emergency department treatment of ischemic priapism using a stepwise approach that begins with aspiration of cavernosal blood, cold saline irrigation, and penile injection with sympathomimetic agents. Evidence-based management and appropriate urologic follow-up of nonischemic and recurrent ischemic priapism maximizes patient outcomes and resource utilization.
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PMID:Emergency Department Management Of Priapism. 2802 57

Priapism is a genitourinary emergency that demands a thorough, time-sensitive evaluation. There are 3 types of priapism: ischemic, nonischemic, and recurrent ischemic priapism; ischemic priapism accounts for 95% of cases. Ischemic priapism must be treated within 4 to 6 hours to minimize morbidity, including impotence. The diagnosis of ischemic priapism relies heavily on the history and physical examination and may be facilitated by penile blood gas analysis and penile ultrasound. This issue reviews current evidence regarding emergency department treatment of ischemic priapism using a stepwise approach that begins with aspiration of cavernosal blood, cold saline irrigation, and penile injection with sympathomimetic agents. Evidence-based management and appropriate urologic follow-up of nonischemic and recurrent ischemic priapism maximizes patient outcomes and resource utilization. [Points & Pearls is a digest of Emergency Medicine Practice].
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PMID:Emergency department management of priapism [digest]. 2874 44