Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1291077 (bloating)
 1,674 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the gut, 5-HT acts as a paracrine signalling molecule released by enterochromaffin cells and as a transmitter released by some descending serotonergic interneurons. It has a prominent role in the regulation of motility, vascular tone, secretion and perception both in normal and under certain pathophysiological conditions, such as the carcinoid syndrome and the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Serotonin is known to markedly influence bowel function by activating at least five receptor types (5-HT(1,2,3,4,7)). Among all 5-HT receptors, those belonging to the 5-HT3 (a ionotropic receptor) and 5-HT4 (a metabotropic receptor) type are the most extensively studied in gastroenterology, resulting in commercially available (although not worldwide) serotonergic agents for the treatment of IBS and functional dyspepsia. Recently, 5-HT7 receptors have been found to participate in the accommodation process of the circular muscle during the preparatory phase of ileal peristalsis. Since an exaggerated accommodation of the gut wall may contribute to abdominal distension and bloating, 5-HT7 receptor ligands may offer innovative opportunities for the pharmacological treatment of functional bowel disorders.
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PMID:[Recent insights into the pathogenesis of abdominal symptoms in functional bowel disorders]. 1743 64

Serotonin (5-HT) plays a critical role in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility, secretion and sensation. Serotonin is secreted by enterochromaffin (EC) cells and acts on receptors located on smooth muscles, enterocytes and nerves (5-HT1, 5-HT2, 5-HT3, 5-HT4, 5-HT7). Enterocytes express the serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT), which terminate the action of 5-HT. There are lines of evidence that functional gastrointestinal disorders, as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), are associated with defective enteric serotonergic signaling. Plasma level and mucosal cells containing EC are increased in diarrhea predominant IBS. Serotonin reuptake transporter expression in colonic mucosa is significantly reduced in IBS. Moreover, 5-HT receptor agonists and antagonists seem to be effective in the treatment of symptoms of IBS. 5-HT3 receptor antagonists--alosetrone, granisetrone, ondansetrone--modulate visceral sensitivity and slow intestinal transit. They have proved to be effective in diarrhea predominant IBS. 5-HT4 agonists--tegaserode, prucalopride--relieve abdominal pain and bloating and improve intestinal transit in constipation predominant IBS. 5-HT4 antagonist--piboserode--is being investigated for a diarrhea predominant IBS.
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PMID:[Role of serotonin in the pathophysiology of the irritable bowel syndrome]. 1817 58