Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1291077 (bloating)
 1,674 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The occurrence of signs and symptoms in the Rett syndrome (RS) was analyzed in a series of females born 1945-87 (median age 17 1/2 years) and fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for classic RS. For general information, data from 91 girls and women were used (group A), while the more detailed analyses were based on three age related subgroups: the youngest 20, born 1980-87 (group B); the 34 girls born 1970-79 (group C); and the oldest 37, born 1945-69 (group D). Data from group A indicated a developmental stagnation (stage I) at median age 11 (5-24) months and loss of ability to use acquired skills (stage II) at 19 (12-36) months. Group B displayed subtle prodromes in the first months of life, and later in infancy gross motor delay with insufficient equilibrium control. Development invariably came to a definite break at a crucial stage of maturation and was followed by a remarkable "awakening" and return of interest to act and interact (stage III). Loss of skills belonged to the triad contact/communication, hand use/skill, and babble/words. By age 2 1/2 years, apraxia and involuntary and stereotyped movements, were found in all. Seizures, hyperventilation and spells of screams and laughter were more frequent in group C (94%, 65% and 71%, respectively), and breathholding, bloating and drooling in group D (73%, 43% and 81%, respectively). Plantar flexion and abiotrophy of feet, as well as peroneal weakness and scoliosis, increased with age and was found in 89%, 86%, and 89%, respectively. The sequence of events described, emerged as subtle insufficiency and more or less abruptly turned into loss. Conversely to known progressive encephalopathies, the deterioration was followed by excess of activity, only years later to turn into restriction.
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PMID:Age-related occurrence of signs and symptoms in the Rett syndrome. 137 44

1422 faecal samples sent by general practitioners for routine parasitological examination were surveyed in 3 months. Of the 10.8% short-listed for special examination for cryptosporidium oocysts, 14 (9.1%) were positive. Charcot-Leyden crystals were not associated with cryptosporidiosis. All 14 patients had symptoms of gastrointestinal infection, which seemed to be related to a trip abroad. The incubation period varied between 4 and 12 days. Clinically cryptosporidiosis could not be distinguished from giardiasis, but its duration was shorter (median 10 days), strong abdominal pain and cramps were commoner, and bloating, anorexia, and weakness were less common. The disease can be diagnosed by identification of oocysts in faecal samples that have undergone formalin-ether concentration. There is no specific treatment for it, and recovery is spontaneous.
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PMID:Cryptosporidium: a frequent finding in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. 613 70

Fluid retention syndrome (FRS) or idiopathic oedema is an unusual clinical entity almost exclusively seen in women, which remains under-diagnosed and poorly understood. It can produce a variety of symptoms ranging from headaches and blurring of vision to abdominal pains and diarrhoea [1]. More commonly it presents with symptoms of bloating, fatigue and generalized weakness. We describe four cases of FRS who presented to the rheumatology clinic with signs and symptoms of fibromyalgia. We also discuss the common features of these two conditions and argue that rheumatologists need to be aware of this condition.
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PMID:Fluid retention syndrome and fibromyalgia. 792 74

The frequency and severity of physical and emotional menstrual symptoms were investigated with a cross-sectional study of 502 women not seeking treatment for menstrual symptoms. The most frequent symptoms were abdominal bloating, backache, headache, constipation, low abdominal pain, fatigue and symptoms related to depression. Some symptoms increased during the late luteal phase, and others were related to the women's life-style. Lack of schooling and living in rural areas were associated with headache, backache, sadness, insecurity, restlessness and weakness. Women from urban areas with more schooling had more breast tenderness, abdominal pain, irritability, depression, aggressiveness and increased sexual desire. Younger women had increased appetite, lack of concentration, insecurity, desire to be alone, weakness and dissatisfaction with their looks. Heavier women had more leg cramps, swollen feet, lack of coordination and polydipsia. Menstrual symptoms seem to be determined by the interplay of the menstrual cycle with biologic factors and life-style.
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PMID:Association of physical and emotional symptoms with the menstrual cycle and life-style. 833 24

The purposes of this study were to measure health-related quality of life in the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease clinical trial; correlate quality of life measures with demographic, medical, and laboratory variables; and compare quality of life in various chronic diseases. The 1,284 patients enrolled in the baseline period of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study who completed at least one measurement of quality of life or symptoms served as the subjects of this study. The Quality of Well-Being (QWB) scale, which was a general health-related quality of life index, the Symptom Checklist-90R (SCL-90R), which provided a global measure of mental health, and the Patient Symptom Form, which assessed the frequency of symptoms specific to this population, were used as measurements. The mean +/- SD QWB score was 0.74 +/- 0.09. Using multivariate analysis, there was a significant negative correlation between the overall QWB score and age and female gender, and a significant positive correlation between the QWB and level of education, income, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). For the SCL-90R subscores, the mean normalized Global Symptom Index was 49.7 +/- 9.6, the Positive Symptom Total was 47.9 +/- 10.4, and the mean Positive Symptom Distress Index was 51.3 +/- 12.6. Using multivariate analysis, significant inverse relationships were seen between each of the SCL-90R subscores and income, serum albumin level, and GFR. The most commonly reported medical symptoms in this cohort included tiring easily, weakness, lack of pep or energy, difficulty sleeping, and abdominal bloating or gas. Symptoms in which the severity index score had a negative correlation with GFR included tiring easily, weakness, lack of pep and energy, muscle cramps, easy bruising or bleeding, bad taste in mouth, and hiccoughs. In conclusions, patients with moderate to advanced renal insufficiency have a reduced quality of life and an increased frequency and severity of both symptoms and psychological distress, with the magnitude of these changes negatively correlated with GFR.
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PMID:Cross-sectional study of quality of life and symptoms in chronic renal disease patients: the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study. 918 75

A multivariate analysis of the data was conducted to evaluate the effects of age, gender, and performance status on symptom profile. A comprehensive prospective analysis of symptoms was conducted in 1,000 patients on initial referral to the Palliative Medicine Program of the Cleveland Clinic. The median number of symptoms per patient was 11 (range 1-27). The ten most prevalent symptoms were pain, easy fatigue, weakness, anorexia, lack of energy, dry mouth, constipation, early satiety, dyspnea, and greater than 10% weight loss. The prevalence of these 10 symptoms ranged from 50% to 84%. Younger age was associated with 11 symptoms: blackout, vomiting, pain, nausea, headache, sedation, bloating, sleep problems, anxiety, depression, and constipation. Gender was associated with 8 symptoms. Males had more dysphagia, hoarseness, >10% weight loss and sleep problems; females, more early satiety, nausea, vomiting, and anxiety. Performance status was associated with 14 symptoms. Advanced cancer patients are polysymptomatic. Ten symptoms are highly prevalent. Symptom prevalence for 24 individual symptoms differs with age, or gender, or performance status.
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PMID:The symptoms of advanced cancer: relationship to age, gender, and performance status in 1,000 patients. 1078 56

We evaluated the efficacy and side effects of immediate postcoital administration of levonorgestrel 0.75 mg used repeatedly for contraception. A total of 295 healthy women with infrequent coitus were enrolled at 6 study sites. Each woman took levonorgestrel 0.75 mg by mouth immediately after intercourse during 6 months as her only method of contraception. We collected data on side effects and acceptability and calculated the Pearl index failure rates over 133 woman-years of use by standard methods. The Pearl index failure rate was 6.8 (95% CI 3.1-12.9) pregnancies per 100 woman-years of use. The overall probability of pregnancy per treated coital act was 1.4 per 1000. Approximately one-third of participants discontinued the study within 6 months (mainly for bleeding problems). Menstrual complaints were reported by 70% of women. Other complaints included (in decreasing order) nausea, breast tenderness, weakness, dizziness, headache, abdominal bloating, loss of libido, depression, and vomiting. High-dose levonorgestrel pills are unsuitable for regular postcoital contraception.
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PMID:Efficacy and side effects of immediate postcoital levonorgestrel used repeatedly for contraception. United Nations Development Programme/ United Nations Population Fund/World Health Organization/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction, Task Force on Post-Ovulatory Methods of Fertility Regulation. vonhertzenh@who.ch. 1090

Cresol poisoning was suspected in agroup of cattle presented for slaughter at a federaly inspected plant in Illinois. Four cattle died shortly after being unloaded at the slaughter facility, while another animal died after being returned to the feedlot of origin in Iowa. The clinical signs in the affected cattle were lethargy, depression, ataxia, leg weakness, sternal recumbency, dehydration, and severe bloating. Metacresol (3-methyl phenol), commonly found in disinfectants used to clean and sanitize farm equipment and barns, was detected in rumen content from 4 necropsied animals ranging from 25.3 to 52.6 ppm. The exact source of exposure was not identified, but was probably accidental on the farm of origin or on the trailers used for animal transit to the slaughter plant.
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PMID:Suspected cresol poisoning in cattle presented for slaughter. 1182 64

BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic gastritis is related to eosinophilic gastroenteritis, varying only in regards to the extent of disease and small bowel involvement. Common symptoms reported are similar to our patient's including: abdominal pain, epigastric pain, anorexia, bloating, weight loss, diarrhea, ankle edema, dysphagia, melaena and postprandial nausea and vomiting. Microscopic features of eosinophilic infiltration usually occur in the lamina propria or submucosa with perivascular aggregates. The disease is likely mediated by eosinophils activated by various cytokines and chemokines. Therapy centers around the use of immunosuppressive agents and dietary therapy if food allergy is a factor. CASE PRESENTATION: The patient is a 31 year old Caucasian female with a past medical history significant for ulcerative colitis. She presented with recurrent bouts of vomiting, abdominal pain and chest discomfort of 11 months duration. The bouts of vomiting had been reoccurring every 7-10 days, with each episode lasting for 1-3 days. This was associated with extreme weakness and cachexia. Gastric biopsies revealed intense eosinophilic infiltration. The patient responded to glucocorticoids and azathioprine. The differential diagnosis and molecular pathogenesis of eosinophilic gastritis as well as the molecular effects of glucocorticoids in eosinophilic disorders are discussed. CONCLUSIONS: The patient responded to a combination of glucocorticosteroids and azathioprine with decreased eosinophilia and symptoms. It is likely that eosinophil-active cytokines such as interleukin-3 (IL-3), granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-5 play pivotal roles in this disease. Chemokines such as eotaxin may be involved in eosinophil recruitment. These mediators are downregulated or inhibited by the use of immunosuppressive medications.
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PMID:Eosinophilia in a patient with cyclical vomiting: a case report. 1514 61

Abdominal bloating is an extremely common symptom affecting up to 96% of patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders and even 30% of the general population. To date bloating has often been viewed as being synonymous with an actual increase in abdominal girth, but recent evidence suggests that this is not necessarily the case. This review examines the relationship between the symptom of bloating and the physical sign of abdominal distension, as well as examining the epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment options available for this debilitating aspect of the functional gastrointestinal disorders. Pathophysiological mechanisms explored include psychological factors, intestinal gas accumulation, fluid retention, food intolerance and malabsorption of sugars, weakness of abdominal musculature, and altered sensorimotor function. Treatment options are currently rather limited but include dietary changes, pharmacological approaches, probiotics and hypnotherapy.
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PMID:Towards a better understanding of abdominal bloating and distension in functional gastrointestinal disorders. 1607 38


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