Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1291077 (bloating)
 1,674 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Because of the unique combination of physical (e.g. bloating, water retention) and psychological (e.g. mood, memory) symptoms associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), various hypothalamic and pituitary hormones have been implicated in the pathophysiology of PMS. We measured plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), arginine vasopressin (AVP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) across the menstrual cycle in 19 women with PMS and 12 normal women. AVP concentrations were lower throughout the menstrual cycle in symptomatic PMS patients compared with PMS patients during asymptomatic cycles and normal women. No differences in ACTH and ANP were observed between patients and controls. However, ACTH and ANP were positively and significantly correlated with each other in women with PMS but not in controls. These findings contribute to a growing list of menstrual cycle-independent findings in women with PMS and suggest that there may be an underlying neurobiological vulnerability that predisposes some women to experience somatic and mood dysregulation in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.
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PMID:Peripheral measures of arginine vasopressin, atrial natriuretic peptide and adrenocorticotropic hormone in premenstrual syndrome. 881 32

Exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) refers to below-normal serum sodium concentrations [Na+] that develop during exercise. The pathogenesis of EAH is best described as a spectrum ranging between profound polydipsia to modest sweat sodium losses with hypovolemia and relative dilution. Non-osmotic arginine vasopressin (AVP) remains the unifying pathogenic stimulus to abnormal renal water retention in acute symptomatic EAH. Cases of hyponatremia are mostly reported after endurance sports, but are also observed after shorter duration events and in team sport athletes. The signs and symptoms of EAH are vague, and include bloating, vomiting, headache, and altered mental status. A diagnosis of EAH can only be confirmed by a blood test, whereas signs/symptoms guide the most appropriate treatment strategy. Mild-to-moderate EAH (without encephalopathy) can be treated with either fluid restriction or an oral bolus of a hypertonic saline solution. Severe EAH (with encephalopathy) is a life-threatening emergency and should be urgently treated with intravenous 100 mL boluses of 3% saline until the resolution of encephalopathy symptoms. The prevention of EAH is evolutionarily rooted in preventing overdrinking during exercise. Drinking according to the dictates of thirst is the most individualized strategy to prevent life-threatening dysnatremia during exercise, regardless of sport.
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PMID:Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia. 3209 26