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Query: UMLS:C1291077 (bloating)
 1,674 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Calcium polycarbophil was compared with placebo in 23 patients with irritable bowel syndrome in a six-month, randomized double-blind crossover study. Patients received polycarbophil tablets at a dosage of 6 g/day (twelve 0.5-g tablets) or matching placebo tablets. At study end, among patients expressing a preference, 15 of 21 (71%) chose polycarbophil over placebo for relief of the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. Statistically significant differences favouring polycarbophil were found among the following patient subgroups: 15 (79%) of 19 with constipation: all six with alternating diarrhoea and constipation; 13 (87%) of 15 with bloating: and 11 (92%) of 12 with two or more symptoms. Polycarbophil was rated better than placebo in monthly global responses to therapy. Patient diary entries showed statistically significant improvement for ease of passage with polycarbophil. Polycarbophil was rated better than placebo for relief of nausea, pain, and bloating. The data suggest that calcium polycarbophil can benefit irritable bowel syndrome patients with constipation or alternating diarrhoea and constipation and may be particularly useful in patients with bloating as a major complaint.
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PMID:Calcium polycarbophil compared with placebo in irritable bowel syndrome. 843 42

Irritable bowel syndrome is a common disorder with symptom complexes that can include diarrhea, constipation, pain and bloating. After other disorders have been excluded, treatment should be directed at the predominant symptoms and gauged to their severity. A careful balance between a thoughtful investigation and the expense and dangers of overtesting must always be considered. Most patients continue to have persistent symptoms several years after the original diagnosis.
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PMID:The challenge of irritable bowel syndrome. 862 68

Patients who met International Congress of Gastroenterology criteria for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and had breath hydrogen lactose testing were interviewed to determine whether detection of lactose maldigestion (LM) had an impact on their symptoms. Of 199 patients initially evaluated, 161 (81%) were contacted and asked to rate their symptoms. At baseline, 47 (29%) of the IBS group had LM. Before testing, 23 (49%) were aware that ingestion of lactose-containing food was associated with their gastrointestinal symptoms. Lactose-maldigesting IBS subjects (IBSLM, n = 47) and those who had IBS and no LM (n = 114) were similar in terms of age, sex, and ethnic background. Interviews performed 41 +/- 1.1 (SEM) months after baseline evaluation revealed no significant differences in abdominal pain, altered bowel habits, bloating/distension, mucus, and relief with defecation among those with IBS or LMIBS. Overall symptoms resolved, improved, did not change, or worsened in a manner not statistically different between IBS and IBSLM groups. IBSLM subjects (a) felt that identifying LM helped them gain awareness of food-symptom relationships (78.7%), (b) experienced some improvement in symptoms (83%), (c) were avoiding lactose foods (87.2%), or (d) used lactase enzyme supplements (38.3%). Identifying LM did not significantly affect rated variables.
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PMID:Does lactose maldigestion really play a role in the irritable bowel? 883 92

Young women report symptoms associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), such as pain, bloating, and changes in bowel movements, more often than young men. Young women with eating disorders also report these gastrointestinal symptoms frequently. We hypothesized that if dieting behaviors were associated with these symptoms, the prevalence and frequency of the symptoms would be positively related to dieting severity in young women. We interviewed 301 1st-year college women representing the continuum of dieting severity. We found that severity of dieting was positively related to frequency of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, and constipation, and that the women who reported 3 or more symptoms regularly scored higher on a scale for dieting severity. Although this study did not examine the relationship between dieting severity and clinical IBS, the findings suggested that dieting is associated with gastrointestinal symptoms in young women.
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PMID:Dieting severity and gastrointestinal symptoms in college women. 890 80

We have examined the relations among three common treatment outcome measures in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): end of treatment global ratings by a physician, end of treatment patient global ratings, and measures derived from a daily symptom diary completed by the patient. Eighty-four IBS patients (53 female, 31 male) participated in a randomized controlled evaluation of three psychological treatment conditions for IBS. Treatment outcome measures from this trial (Blanchard et al., 1992) were used in the present methodological study. Physician global ratings were significantly correlated with patient global ratings (r = .45, p < .01). Both of these global ratings also correlated significantly with a composite score from patient diary ratings. Multiple regression analyses revealed that reductions in bloating and constipation account for 18% of the variance in patient global ratings. Global ratings at end of treatment by either patient or physician were only partially related to symptom relief as measured by a daily diary.
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PMID:Comparison of treatment outcome measures for irritable bowel syndrome. 928 55

IBS is one of the most common of the gastrointestinal disease, but it can be a diagnostic challenge because of the many symptoms that overlap with other such diseases. Most common among the symptoms are abdominal pain, a feeling of intestinal distention or bloating, and either diarrhea or constipation. Patients may be found to have an exacerbation of symptoms with stress, and they may have an increased sensitivity to bowel distention. History and physical examination findings often can be relied on to make the diagnosis, avoiding overuse of laboratory testing. Treatment consists of patient education and support, lifestyle and dietary changes, and use of several pharmacologic agents for symptom relief. Antidepressants are being investigated as a possible additional form of treatment.
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PMID:Irritable bowel syndrome. Streamlining the diagnosis. 930 28

Dyspepsia is a vague term for the nonspecific symptoms of upper abdominal discomfort, prolonged postprandial fullness or early satiety, nausea, vomiting, and upper abdominal bloating. Many common and accepted diseases and disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux and irritable bowel syndrome cause dyspepsia symptoms; these disorders should be identified and treated. However, many patients with dyspepsia symptoms have normal radiographic and endoscopic evaluations; in these patients, neuromuscular of functional disorders of the stomach ranging from gastric dysrhythmias to gastroparesis may be the cause of dyspepsia symptoms. A practical approach to the evaluation and treatment of dyspepsia symptoms attributed to gastric neuromuscular dysfunction of unknown origin is described.
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PMID:Dyspepsia of unknown origin: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. 943 96

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder, defined as a variable combination of chronic or recurrent gastrointestinal symptoms not explained by structural or biochemical abnormalities. It is attributable to the intestine with symptoms of abdominal pain, altered bowel habits and bloating. The diagnosis is primarily based on typical symptoms and prudent use of investigations to exclude organic disorders. The initial positive diagnosis is accurate and on a longterm follow-up its revision rarely required. A change in its clinical manifestation may imply the superimposition of another disorder. Treatment primarily rely on the confidence in the diagnosis and a strong physician-patient relationship. High fiber diets and bulking agents may be effective in alleviating symptoms. Though antispasmodic, antidiarrheal and psychotropic drugs are repeatedly used in patients with moderate to severe symptoms their effects remain uncertain. Psychotherapy, hypnosis and biofeedback may relief symptoms and may be considered for motivated patients with moderate to severe symptoms.
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PMID:[Irritable colon]. 945 69

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a cluster of abdominal complaints frequently encountered in the primary setting. It is the most common gastrointestinal complaint seen in primary practice and accounts for 50% of referrals to gastroenterologists. Although the pathology of the disease currently is unclear, the diagnosis is not one of exclusion. When confronting this clinical syndrome of abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence, and changes in bowel habits, the clinician is called upon to balance the need to rule out organic causes with the expense and risk of testing. Optimally, the clinician can use established guidelines that clarify the most efficient approach to diagnosing and treating IBS, while providing the patient with the reassurance and education needed to deal with this chronic disease. This article deals with the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of IBS.
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PMID:Irritable bowel syndrome. 947 Jan 97

Fructose malabsorption is characterized by the inability to absorb fructose efficiently. As a consequence fructose reaches the colon were it is broken down by bacteria to short fatty acids, CO2 and H2. Bloating, cramps, osmotic diarrhea and other symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome are the consequence and can be seen in about 50% of fructose malabsorbers. Having made the observation that persons with fructose malabsorption very often seem to present not only with signs of irritable bowel syndrome but also with signs of pre-menstrual syndrome and mental depression, it was of interest to establish whether such an association could be demonstrated in patients. Fifty-five adults with gastrointestinal complaints of unknown origin (12 males, 43 females) were analyzed by measuring breath hydrogen concentrations after an oral dose of 50 g fructose and were classified as normals or fructose malabsorbers according to their breath H2 concentrations. All patients filled out a Beck s depression inventory - questionnaire. Fructose malabsorption was detected in 36 of 55 individuals (65.5%). Subjects with fructose malabsorption (DeltaH2 concentrations >10 p.p.m. after fructose load) showed a significantly higher score in the Beck s depression inventory than normal fructose absorbers. This was true especially for females. Fructose malabsorption may play a role in the development of depressed mood. Fructose malabsorption should be considered in patients with symptoms of major depression or pre-menstrual syndrome. Further studies are needed to clarify the background of this association.
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PMID:Fructose malabsorption is associated with early signs of mental depression. 962 Aug 91


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