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Query: UMLS:C1275122 (TEM)
 21,810 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of acquired hypogammaglobulinaemia has been examined. Total and differential leucocyte counts and distribution were normal as were the lymphocyte sub-populations when defined by surface membrane immunoglobulin, E-, EA- and EAC-rosette techniques. The proliferative response of unseparated lymphocytes to PHA and Con-A was normal while the response to PWM was clearly impaired. In contrast, testing of purified B-lymphocytes by PWM was within the normal range. The response to PWM was found to be depressed by adding the patient's T-lymphocytes to autologous B-lymphocytes as well as to B-lymphocytes from 10 normal, healthy controls. The patient's T-lymphocytes were further tested for cytotoxicity against autologous. B-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes from the 10 control individuals. Cytotoxicity was observed against autologous B-lymphocytes and against the B-lymphocytes of 3 controls. These findings indicate the presence of peripherally circulating unspecific T-suppressor lymphocytes and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes of some immunogenetic specificity. The suppressor and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes may separately or in combination be involved in the pathogenesis of hypogammaglobulinaemia. Thus, these findings are equivocal but underline the immunologic aspects of the pathogenesis.
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PMID:Suppressor T-lymphocytes and auto-anti-B-cell cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in a case of acquired hypogammaglobulinaemia. 644 77

The in vitro immune functions of peripheral blood lymphocytes have been studied in 70 splenectomized patients. 45 patients were splenectomized due to traumatic rupture of the spleen; in 22 of these patients residual splenic tissue was detected, employing a selective spleen scintigraphy. 14 patients were splenectomized due to hereditary spherocytosis and 11 patients due to immune thrombocytopenia or autoimmune haemolytic anaemia; they were all without ectopic splenic tissue. The study revealed that splenectomized patients have (i) an elevated number of blood lymphocytes, (ii) an elevated relative number of EA-RFC, but normal %s of E, EAC-RFC and SmIg positive cells, (iii) normal T-cell mitogenic responses induced by PHA, but enhanced responses induced by ConA and PWM, (iv) normal cell-mediated enhancement of the PWM-induced proliferative B-cell response, (v) no cell-mediated inhibition of the T-cell dependent and PWM-induced proliferative B-cell response and (vi) an impaired number of PFC after stimulation with PWM. The findings were unrelated to the cause of the splenectomies or to the presence of residual splenic tissue. It is possible that the impaired B-cell response as shown by the reduced number of PFC after stimulation with PWM may be of significance for the in vivo resistance to infections in splenectomized patients.
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PMID:The cellular immune response after splenectomy in humans. Impaired immunoglobulin synthesis in vitro. 660 9

Highly enriched rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) peripheral blood T-lymphocytes were separated into functional subpopulations by Fc-receptors. The T-lymphocyte population was comprised of both Fc-IgM (T mu +, 3.4 +/- 1.6) and Fc-IgG (T gamma +, 16.2 +/- 4.0) bearing cells. T-cells depleted of cells bearing Fc-IgG receptors (T gamma -) and T gamma + subpopulations were characterized and assessed for functional activity. T gamma + and T gamma - subpopulations were found to have the following characteristics: 1) T gamma + cells were stimulated by concanavalin-A (Con-A)3, pokeweed mitogen (PWM), and phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P), while T gamma - cells were stimulated by Con-A and PWM, but not PHA-P; 2) T gamma - cells were found to mediate PWM induced differentiation of autologous B-cells including EAC+ and EAC- enriched subpopulations, while T gamma + cells did not induce differentiation; 3) T gamma + cells released soluble factors which depressed mitogen stimulation of T gamma- cells; and 4) approximately 8-10% of the T gamma + cells phagocytized IgG sensitized bovine red blood cell (BRBC) immune complexes.
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PMID:Characterization of rhesus macaque peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subpopulations. 660 63

The number of leukocytes and the percentage of cells in various mononuclear subpopulations were determined in 22 patients with epilepsy. The lymphocyte response to PHA were examined in the patients and in selected controls. The patients were grouped according to phenytoin treatment at present or previously, and according to the presence or absence of serum IgA depression. Patients taking phenytoin demonstrated reduced leukocyte counts. The lowest counts were found in phenytoin-treated patients with markedly reduced IgA concentrations. The number of lymphocytes were reduced more than the total leukocyte count in the patients. No significant differences were observed between patients and controls regarding percentage of cells with membrane-bound immunoglobulins, active E-rosetting cells, AET-rosetting cells, EA-rosetting cells, EAC-rosetting cells, and cells with a capacity of phagocytosis. The mean response to PHA stimulation (PHA concentration 0.6 micrograms/ml) was 4634 counts per minute in the patients and 6132 counts per minute in the controls. However, the response to this stimulation varied considerably between individuals in both groups, and the difference between the 2 groups was not statistically significant.
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PMID:Lymphocyte subpopulations and lymphocyte function in phenytoin-treated patients with epilepsy. 697 23

Lymphoid cell populations (spleen, lymph node, peripheral blood, thymus, and bone marrow) from LHC inbred hamsters were studied in order to characterize further the immune response of this species. The direct PFC response to several thymic-dependent or thymic-independent antigens was evaluated. A specific direct PFC response occurred 4 days after immunization with SRBC, DNP-BSA, DNP-lys-Ficoll, TNP-LPS, TNP-BA, and SSS-III. Attempts to induce a polyclonal antibody response with LPS, TNP-LPS, SSS-III, and DNP-lys-Ficoll were unsuccessful. A weak polyclonal response was induced with TNP-BA. Spleen cells and PBL responded strongly in vitro to the T-cell mitogens Con A and PHA-P, but gave weak and inconsistent responses to the B-cell mitogens LPS and PI-PC. LHC hamster lymphoid cell populations bore sIg and receptors for C3 (EAC rosettes) in approximately the same ratio as various murine species. However, the profile of the number of cells bearing low-to-intermediate densities of sIg differed significantly from those of murine species when analysed with the FACS. There was a sharp reduction in the number of cells with low-to-intermediate densities of sIg. These data suggest that B cells in this strain and species lack the ability to translate signals which lead to polyclonal antibody synthesis or lack the appropriate populations of B cells that have membrane receptors for mitogens which are thought to induce such activity in murine systems and provide evidence for separate signals that induce thymus-independent and mitogenic responses. The importance of this model for studying mechanisms involved in B-cell activation is discussed.
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PMID:In vitro and in vivo response of lymphoid cells from LHC hamsters to murine thymus-independent and thymus-dependent antigens. 700 14

Purified alveolar lymphocytes obtained by bronchial lavage have been studied in 66 subjects: 8 normals, 24 sarcoidosis, 8 tuberculosis, 4 hypersensitivity pneumonitis, 6 collagen diseases and 16 miscellaneous. The following T and B lymphocyte markers have been used: E and EAC Rosettes, Surface membrane immunoglobulins, la antigen and human T lymphocyte antigens. The PHA or ConA responses of some blood and alveolar lymphocyte cultures have also been compared. The results emphasize: -- the tight correlation between the different marker techniques to T and B lymphocytes; -- the larger increases of T lymphocytes in active vs inactive sarcoidosis (p less than 0.001); -- the difference in T lymphocyte number in active vs inactive tuberculosis and in treated vs untreated miliary tuberculosis; -- the absence of alveolar lymphocyte increase in collagen diseases.
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PMID:[Study of pulmonary lymphocyte populations obtained by alveolar lavage]. 701 Nov 15

The immune response to SRBC (PFC assay) was suppressed in mice injected with cell-free ascitic fluid from patients with ovarian carcinoma. The immunosuppressive effect of ascitic fluid obtained from stage IV patients was stronger than that of stage III patients. These data were correlated with the patient's immune status (number of E and EAC rosettes, PHA reactivity of lymphocytes, skin reactivity in recall antigens) and with changes in protein fractions in the serum and ascitic fluid. A good correlation was found between the immunosuppressive effect in the mouse PEC assay and the increased quantity of alpha-1-globulins in ascites. Skin nonreactivity to PPD also correlated with the immunosuppressive effect of ascitic fluid. However, the lymphocyte response to PHA and the numbers of E and EAC rosettes did not correlate either with skin reactivity or recall antigens or with the suppression of PFC response in mice.
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PMID:Immunosuppression related to ascitic fluid in patients with ovarian carcinoma. 704 73

A newly developed mode of vaccination with bacterial ribosomal antigens was evaluated in 83 patients with bacterial bronchial asthma. The response of the immune system to two years of immunotherapy was studied by serial determinations, every six months, of the following parameters: E; Ea and EAC rosettes; B-cell surface immunoglobulins; PHA-induced blast transformation, and IgG, IgA, IGM, IgD and IgE immunoglobulins. At basal conditions, patients showed a slight depression in the function of cell-mediated immunity, an increase in Ea rosette formation and decreased values of IgA. After vaccination with ribosomal antigens, an enhanced T-cell response to PHA was observed, followed by normal values of Ea rosettes and increased values of IgA. A statistically significant correlation (p less than 0.001) was evident between Ea rosettes and IgA. Nearly half of the bacterial asthmatic patients in our series presented elevated levels of IgE (greater than 125 U/ml) that remained unchanged even after specific treatment. The immunomodulating action of bacterial ribosomal therapy is discussed.
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PMID:Immunotherapy with bacterial ribosomal antigens in bronchial asthma. II. Immunological study. 708 Sep 95

In vitro immunological tests showed that patients with pre-eclampsia are characterized by a greater degree of lymphocyte hyporesponsiveness to mitogens during pregnancy than normotensive controls. Thus, a relationship has been hypothesized between the hypoimmune lymphocyte response and the pathogenesis of the disease. We studied 20 non-pregnant healthy volunteers (group a), 11 women with a normal pregnancy (group b) and 13 women with EPH gestosis (group c). In all patients we determined the number of lymphocytes and the lymphocyte function (PHA, Con A, PWM responsiveness) in autologous and homologous plasma during pregnancy and 5 to 30 days after delivery. The mean values of the number of EAC and E rosettes in the three groups studied were similar. The mean values of the mitogenic response to PHA in autologous plasma were significantly reduced in both groups b and c in comparison with group a, but there was no statistical difference between groups b and c. The PHA lymphocyte responsiveness returned to normal in both homologous and autologous plasma after delivery. Our data demonstrate that no difference exists between pregnant women with and without pre-eclampsia as regards impaired cell-mediated lymphocyte response in vitro. Moreover, the diminished lymphocyte responsiveness to mitogens during pregnancy seems to be due to humoral circulating factor(s).
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PMID:Lymphocyte hyporesponsiveness during edema, proteinuria and hypertension (EPH) gestosis. 729 70

Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) was evaluated in 11 patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (MN), 50 patients suffering from chronic proliferative glomerulonephritis (CGN) without renal insufficiency and 24 healthy controls. The following parameters were measured: delayed skin reactivity to purified protein derivative (PPD), circulating lymphocytes, lymphocyte cell-surface markers (En and EAC rosettes) and functional markers (mitogenic responses to Con A and PHA). The MN patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) had less mean induration of skin reactivity and a smaller proportion reacting to the PPD antigen as compared with the control subjects. In contrast, the intensity of skin reactivity and the frequency of negative reactions in MN patients in remission and CGN were similar to those of the control subjects. During the nephrotic stage of MN the proportion of T lymphocytes decreased with simultaneous increase of the proportion of B lymphocytes. It was also found that the MN patients with NS showed impaired lymphocyte reactivity with lower Con A and PHA responses compared to the normal controls. Conversely, the mean mitogenic responses to the antigens in patients with MN in remission and CGN were similar to those of the control subjects. Thus, the majority of MN patients with NS demonstrated an impaired response in a CMI assay system. The possible significance of these phenomena in the pathophysiology of MN is discussed.
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PMID:Cell-mediated immunity in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. 729 20


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