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Query: UMLS:C1275122 (TEM)
 21,810 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Changes in lymphocyte responses to mitogens and other lymphocyte markers were studied during a 14-day period of storage of blood at 4 degrees C and 22 degrees C in plastic bags. The following tests were done: (a) absolute lymphocyte and neutrophil counts, (b) blastogenic response to PHA, PWM, Con-A, and LPS and (c) determination of T and B cells using E-rosette and EAC-rosette techniques. The neutrophils disappeared rapidly at 22 degrees C. The absolute lymphocyte count doubled in a week. The responses to PHA, PWM, and Con-A declined rapidly and were absent by the 6th day. The response to LPS disappeared on day 14. The ability to form E-rosettes and EAC-rosettes was lost by days 4 and 6, respectively. The results obtained at 4 degrees C were similar except that these changes were delayed varying from 1-7 days.
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PMID:Changes in the immunocompetence and surface markers of lymphocytes in stored blood. 31 12

Using the rosette test E and EAC and determining presence of immunoglobulins on the surface of cells T and B lymphocyte counts were calculated in peripheral blood of 10 healthy subjects receiving atropine for some days. Parallely the activity of T cells was evaluated on the basis of blastic transformation degree after PHA stimulation. No differences were observed in the counts of T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood before and during atropine administration. T lymphocytes showed, however, functional defects manifested with impairment of PHA-stimulated transformation.
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PMID:[T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of subjects receiving atropine]. 32 35

A distinctive subpopulation of nonphagocytic, tightly adherent cells (NPAC) comprised approximately 6% of the adherent peritoneal cells from untreated mice, and about 18% of those from mice previously given BCG i.p. A separation procedure based on adherence and lack of phagocytosis was devised. Isolated NPAC were morphologically intermediate between small lymphocytes and macrophages. They were positive for nonspecific esterase, negative for peroxidase, positive for surface IgM, and negative for surface IgG1, IgG2 and IgA. When capped, their surface IgM regenerated in vitro. NPAC had demonstrable Fc receptors but not EAC receptors. They resisted killing by an anti-macrophage serum, were negative by immunofluorescence with an anti-T cell reagent, and incorporated increased amounts of thymidine in response to LPS but not to PHA. They were more readily killed with anti-Ia serum and complement than macrophages, but less readily than splenic B cells. NPAC appeared to represent a subpopulation of B lymphocytes which contaminates some preparations previously regarded as "macrophages" and which may be ressponsible for some of the activities previously ascribed to "macrophages".
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PMID:Characterization of the nonphagocytic adherent cell from the peritoneal cavity of normal and BCG-treated mice. 32 54

In 41 consecutive living and cadaver donor renal transplant recipients, immunological monitoring was performed 2--3 times a week for the first two post-transplant months. Monitoring consisted of: 1) Circulating T and B cell levels (E-EAC Rosette assay) 2) T cell reactivity (PHA-Con A) 3) LMC and ADCC reactivity Rejection was diagnosed by standard techniques including radioisotope renal scans and biopsy in some cases. Immunosuppression consisted of prednisone, imuran, cyclophosphamide and horse ALG. In 32 rejection episodes in the first two months, 22 (68%) were associated with a rise in T cell levels. Rejection activity also correlated with an augmented PHA mitogenesis count of 20 +/- 5%. There was no positive correlation between Con A mitogenesis and rejection. There was also no correlation between rejection and circulating B cell levels. There was no significant correlation between a positive ADCC and graft rejection. Futhermore a positive ADCC in association with a negative LMC resulted in excellent long-term graft function. In conclusion, an excellent correlation of levels of circulating T cells and T cell reactivity with early in vivo rejection was shown.
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PMID:Monitoring and modulation of recipient immune responsiveness to prevent kidney graft rejection in the early post-transplant period. 34 Nov 35

11 patients with Hodgkin's disease in remission, including 7 patients with an initial stage III-IV, off treatment for at least 6 months, were tested for blood T lymphocyte functions. All were completely re-evaluated at the end of treatment to assess complete remission. The number of peripheral blood lymphocytes was below 1,200/cu mm 5/11 patients. Absolute numbers of E-rosette-forming T lymphocytes were decreased in 8 patients, whereas active rosettes were normal in 4/6. A slightly increased percentage of EAC rosettes, a marker for B lymphocytes, was found in only 2 patients. In vitro lymphocyte reactivity to a sub-optimal dose of PHA was studied in 9 patients. A statistically significant defect of lymphocyte transformation was observed in the patient group T lymphocytes. A membrane change is suggested rather than a true depletion. The persistance of such abnormalities long after treatment may raise the question of a complementary immunostimulating treatment in these patients.
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PMID:[Hodgkin's disease. T lymphocyte defect in patients in complete remission (author's transl)]. 35 84

Peripheral leucocyte migration inhibition (LMI) with Trypanosoma cruzi-specific antigens, measured as a migration index (MI), was studied in chronic Chagas' disease patients. The MI of untreated patients with polymerized antigens from culture forms (epimastigotes) of T. cruzi was significantly lower than that of controls. In contrast, when chronic Chagas' patients were treated with nifurtimox, 10 mg/kg/day for 2 months, the MI was not different from control values. Treated and untreated patients had normal T- and B-lymphocyte markers, measured by the ability to form rosettes either with sheep erythrocytes (E-RFC) or with sheep erythrocytes--antibody--complement (EAC-RFC). In addition, the number of lymphocytes bearing surface membrane Ig (SMIg) was the same as that of controls. Non-specific functional assays, such as PHA-induced blastogenesis and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) to sensitized chicken erythrocytes were also normal, both in treated and untreated patients. Thus, nifurtimox produced a particularly effect on cell-mediated immunity, specially detectable using LMI.
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PMID:Cell-mediated immunity in Chagas' disease: Alterations induced by treatment with a trypanocidal drug (nifurtimox). 41 67

The immunological status of seven patients with disseminated melanoma during BCG scarification was followed. As parameters, the total peripheral blood leukocyte and lymphocyte counts, serum immunoglobulin levels, natural ABO blood group antibodies, lymphocyte responses in vitro to PHA and PPD, and skin reactivity against PPD and candidin were followed during a period of 2--36 months. The EAC-rosette-forming cells increased and the E-rosette-forming cells decreased during prolonged BCG therapy. The skin reactions and lymphocyte responses showed in most patients conversion from negative to positive or augmentation at the start of the therapy. Later on, however, the values in most patients dropped before disseminated disease became clinically apparent. In the only surviving patient the values first increased, remained high, and after 100 weeks treatment decreased. After 140 weeks' treatment immunological parameters are similar to pre-treatment levels. The possibility that prolonged intensive BCG treatment might eventually suppress the immune system, and thus result in an enhanced risk of dissemination of the disease, is discussed.
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PMID:Prolonged BCG treatment of melanoma: does it suppress the immune capacity? 50 7

The effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the immune functions of twelve patients with disseminated cancer were studied, using as parameters the peripheral blood lymphocyte count, serum immunoglobulin levels, titers of natural blood group antibodies, percentages of E and EAC rosette forming cells, and lymphocyte proliferative responses to PHA and PPD. No effects on the humoral immune functions or on the percentages of E and EAC rosette forming cells were observed. 5-FU caused a decrease in the proliferative responses of lymphocytes to PHA and PPD. The patients could be divided into two groups: those surviving for six months or more, and those succumbing earlier. The latter ones had already initially poor proliferative responses, particularly to PPD, and the response strongly decreased during the 5-FU treatment. In the patients with a longer survival time, the effects of 5-FU on the PPD and PHA responses were not as striking.
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PMID:The influence of 5-fluorouracil on cellular and humoral immunity in cancer patients. 62 44

The immune functions in patients with mammary, pulmonary, or head and neck tumors were investigated after irradiation. The treatment caused an initial lymphopenia and longlasting depression in the lymphocyte proliferative responses to PHA, Con A and PPD. The percentages and the ratio of E and EAC rosette forming cells remained unchanged.
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PMID:Effects of irradiation on the immune function in patients with mammary, pulmonary or head and neck carcinoma. 69 99

The general immunological capacity of 40 patients with multiple sclerosis has been evaluated with lymphocyte transformation test including both mitogens (PHA and PWM) and antigens (PPD, Candida albicans, Staph. aureus and E. coli). Determination of T and B cells was performed by E-, EAC-rosetting and immunofluorescence for surface immunoglobulins. Compared with the results obtained in 42 normal individuals only minor differences were found.
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PMID:Immunological in vitro parameters in patients with multiple sclerosis and in normal individuals. 79


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