Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1275122 (TEM)
 21,810 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The anti-tumor effect of 3-amino-N-substituted pyrrolidine-2,5-dione-N-mustard hydrochloride (PNM.HCl) against Ehrlich (ascites) carcinoma (EAC) was studied. A substantial increase in the survival of mice bearing EAC tumor was achieved following daily administration of PNM.HCl at subtoxic dosages. The therapeutic efficacy of PNM.HCl was maintained with changes in dosages and the schedules of administration. The effect of PNM.HCl when administered with conventional anti-cancer drugs at different time schedules against EAC was also studied. The results demonstrated an augmentation of anti-tumor activity in the case of certain anti-cancer drugs against EAC tumor, thereby suggesting a potential usefulness of PNM.HCl in multi-drug therapy.
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PMID:Anti-tumor effect of 3-amino-N-substituted-pyrrolidine-2,5-dione-N-mustard hydrochloride. 180 24

An excellent durability of adhesion was obtained in the adhesion of 2% 4-META/MMA-TBB resin to dentin pretreated with EDTA 3-2 (NH4/Fe). Such high bond strength as 15 MPa did not change for up to one year even when they were immersed in water at 37 degrees C. The resin reinforced dentin, a hybrid, was identified between dentin and the cured resin by TEM. The collagen and hydroxyapatite were encapsulated with the copolymer and the crystals were not removed by the demineralization with either HCl or electronic staining. Tensile fracture between the hybrid and dentin like the adhered samples to 10-3 treated dentin did not occur and the cohesive failure in the resin was observed here after the storage in water for a year. EDTA 3-2 (NH4/Fe) could not completely demineralize the hydroxyapatite especially at the deeper portion and the width of the demineralized dentin became thinner than 1 micron. The encapsulated crystals with the resin could improve the resistance of collagen against deterioration in water and such good bonding durability could be obtained.
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PMID:[Stable adhesion to dentin. Combination of EDTA 3-2 (NH4/Fe) pretreatment and 2% 4-META/MMA-TBB resin]. 213 47

Extracts from psoriatic scales, prepared using Tris-HCl buffer containing ethylenediaminetetraacetatic acid (EDTA) and 2-mercaptoethanol (ME), agglutinated erythrocytes (E) sensitized with IgG antibodies (A) (EA), but not E or E sensitized with F(ab')2-fragments of IgG. The agglutination was inhibited by IgG and Fc fragments of IgG, but not by IgA, IgM or F(ab')2-fragments of IgG. Partially reduced and alkylated IgG did not inhibit the agglutination, indicating that an inter-heavy-chain disulphide-linked Fc region is required for binding of FcR. The extracts inhibited EA, but not E or EAC rosette formation with mononuclear cells. The results strongly indicated that the extract contained functionally active FcR. The agglutinating activity of the extract was not affected by treatment with periodic acid or formaldehyde, whereas heat reduced the activity. Using a monoclonal antibody (B1D6) a functionally active 40 kDa FcR with low affinity for native IgG was purified from the scale extract. The extracts also contained FcR activity not recognized by B1D6.
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PMID:Properties of solubilized Fc gamma-receptors from psoriatic scales. 214 13

High resolution transmission electron microscopy (Hr TEM) studies on biological and synthetic calcium phosphate have provided information on the dissolution process at the crystal level. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dissolution of ceramic hydroxyapatite (HA) after implantation using Hr TEM. Recovered HA ceramic implanted in bony and nonbony sites in animals and in periodontal pockets in humans were used for the study. For comparison, sections of human fluorotic enamel with caries and sections of shark enameloid previously exposed to 0.1 HCl were similarly investigated. Hr TEM studies demonstrated that in both the biological and ceramic apatites, the lattice and atomic defects were the starting points in the dissolution process. However, significant differences in the process of dissolution were observed: (1) biological apatite crystals showed preferential core dissolution whereas ceramic apatite crystals showed nonspecific dissolution at the cores and at the surfaces; (2) the dissolution of biological apatites appeared to consistently extend along the crystal's c-axis whereas dissolution of the ceramic HA did not appear to be correlated with the crystal's c-axis. The observed differences in crystal dissolution between biological and ceramic apatites may be attributed to the following: (1) the unique crystal/protein interaction present with biological apatites but absent in ceramic HA; (2) differences in defect distribution between biological and ceramic apatites which are due to the differences in the original of these defects; and (3) the longer morphological c-axis of biological apatites compared with that of ceramic apatites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Crystal dissolution of biological and ceramic apatites. 250

Rat stomachs were studied after intragastrically administered, repeated doses of 0.1 N HCl, 100 mmol/l NaF, 50 mmol/l CaF2 in 0.1 N HCl, respectively. NaF produced extensive desquamation and cell injury, while CaF2 caused some desquamation and a slight decrease in secretory activity as revealed by light microscopic, SEM and TEM examinations.
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PMID:Comparison of the effects of NaF and CaF2 on rat gastric mucosa. A light-, scanning- and transmission electron microscopic study. 251 44

The methods reviewed here include: scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of vascular corrosion casts, SEM of intact tissue, SEM of HCl-collagenase treated tissues, light microscopy (LM) of India ink or silicon rubber injected tissues, with stereomicrography, LM of tissue stained by perfusion with hematoxylin, and a correlative study of intravital microscopy with SEM of vascular corrosion casts or LM of India ink-injected tissue. The last technique allowed for both the examination of the microvascular architecture and blood flow in a particular tissue area. This paper shows that an adequate understanding of the microvasculature of the pancreas can only be gained when a variety of SEM techniques, together with other LM and TEM techniques are employed in a coordinated fashion. The intralobular arterioles of the pancreas supply the islets of Langerhans, exocrine acini, and duct system. Blood leaving the islets flows into the capillaries in the exocrine region through the insulo-acinar portal system and insulo-ductular portal system, although some fraction of the blood drains through venules into nearby veins. Thus, these studies in the pancreas indicate that the islets of Langerhans are situated in the center of the pancreatic microcirculatory bed so that the insular secretions are transferred in high concentrations through short vascular routes to the exocrine region of both the duct system and acini, presumably to act upon these structures.
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PMID:Review of scanning electron and light microscopic methods in microcirculation research and their application in pancreatic studies. 638 19

Placental extract was prepared with Tris-HCl buffer pH 7.4 containing EDTA and 2-mercaptoethanol. It agglutinated erythrocytes (E) sensitized with subagglutinating amounts of IgG antibodies from rabbits, guinea pigs and mice, but not E sensitized with IgG from chickens. E or E sensitized with F(ab)2 or IgM antibodies were not agglutinated. The agglutination of EA by the extract was inhibited by human, rabbit and guinea pig IgG, but not by bovine and porcine IgG. Aggregated IgG was more inhibitory than monomeric IgG. IgG3 was the most effective subclass. The extract inhibited the formation of EA rosettes with human mononuclear cells, but did not influence the formation of E or EAC rosettes. The significance of the disulfide bonds and the C gamma 3 and C gamma 2 regions was implied by the finding that the extract neither agglutinated E sensitized with preparations of mildly reduced and alkylated IgG, nor with Facb fragments. These preparations did not inhibit the agglutination. The results strongly indicated that the active component was solubilized placental Fc receptor (FcR). Functionally active FcR was purified by affinity chromatography using aggregated human IgG coupled to Sepharose 4B. SDS-PAGE if the purified FcR under reducing conditions showed one distance band corresponding to approx. 47,000 daltons. The band neither consisted o Ig fragments nor Clq. A rabbit antiserum against the FcR inhibited the agglutination of EA by the extract and stained th FcR-positive areas in placenta.
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PMID:Isolation and characterization of Fc gamma receptors from human placenta. 731 57

At the onset of the mineralization of bone, small membranous matrix vesicles are often observed. The information available on the production and release of these vesicles is limited. When treated with 10-20 nM of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), the human osteosarcoma cell line U-2 OS developed long cytoplasmic processes connecting adjacent cells. SEM and TEM show that TPA triggers a production and release of matrix vesicle-like membrane vesicles, mainly from the cellular processes. Tetracycline HCl was used to label intracellular bound calcium. The tetracycline HCl label was primarily localized to the end-feet of the cytoplasmic processes, indicating that these contain high concentrations of Ca2+, and to endoplasmic reticulum-like structures in the cell bodies. Together with our previous demonstration of the release of alkaline phosphatase-containing vesicles into the culture medium (Ringbom-Anderson T, Akerman KEO 1992 Calcif Tissue Int 50:533-540), the results presented here indicate that TPA induces a rapid induction of the primary steps of mineralization in U-2 OS osteosarcoma.
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PMID:Production and release of matrix vesicles in the cell processes of TPA-treated human osteoblast-like cells. 805 95

Results on surfactant gels containing densely packed multilamellar vesicles are reported. The gels form spontaneously when the bilayers of L alpha or L3 phases of alkyldimethylaminoxide and cosurfactant are charged up by the addition of ionic surfactant or HCl. The rheological behaviour on addition of excess salt was studied by dynamic rheological measurements for systems with surfactants of different chainlengths. Both the storage modulus, G', and the yield stress, sigma y, decay with rising salinity. This effect is caused by the reduction of both the electrical contribution of the bending constants of the bilayers and the compression modulus of the vesicles. The influence of the charge density on the rheological properties was determined. G' and sigma y increase with charge density and reach a plateau that depends on the chainlength of the surfactant. Measurements on samples prepared with waterglycerol mixtures show that the moduli and the yield stress value are independent of the solvent viscosity. Photographs of the surfactant gels that were taken with the interference contrast microscopy technique are presented. They reveal that some of the vesicles are much bigger than expected on the basis of TEM micrographs. The mean size of the vesicles can be estimated on basis of conductivity data. This method yields an average number of 5-6 shells per vesicle and corresponds with the value taken from the electron micrograph. The rheological data are explained with a model that was recently introduced by van der Linden. In connection with a model due to Lekkerkerker for the electric contribution of the bending constant of the bilayers and our own calculations of the osmotic pressure the van der Linden formula yields good results for describing the experimental data.
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PMID:Gels from surfactant solutions with densely packed multilamellar vesicles. 880 25

Phosphoprotein appears to play an important role in the mineralization of dentin during tooth development and remineralization after demineralization by dental caries. To better understand this role, we describe the extraction and characterization of phosphoprotein from immature, human root apex dentin during and after EDTA demineralization. The extraction procedure included dissociation of the demineralized dentin matrix by guanidine hydrochloride (Gdn.HCl) followed by subsequent digestion with cyanogen bromide (CNBr) and collagenase. Characterization of these extracts included 'Stains-All' staining of SDS polyacrylamide gels (SDS-PAGE) and amino acid, protein and phosphorus analyses. The ability of these matrices to remineralize was determined by TEM and measuring calcium levels in the remineralized tissue by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The staining of SDS-PAGE gels and amino acid analysis showed that an intact phosphophoryn was extracted from the dentin of the immature apices during EDTA demineralization and that it had an apparent Mr approximately 140,000. In the subsequent extracts and digests, the phosphoprotein has a range of molecular weights, some of which may have been degraded products of the intact phosphoprotein. A greater quantity of phosphoprotein was found in the EDTA-demineralized dentin matrices than in dentin after Gdn.HCl, CNBr and collagenase digests. These EDTA-demineralized matrices also remineralized to a greater extent than those dissociated with Gdn.HCl. The differences in both the quantity and the quality, as defined by the amino acid residue profile, of the phosphoprotein in the sequential extracts of the root apex dentin may be important in affecting the ability of this tissue to remineralize.
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PMID:Phosphoprotein analysis of sequential extracts of human dentin and the determination of the subsequent remineralization potential of these dentin matrices. 970 61


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