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Query: UMLS:C1275122 (TEM)
 21,810 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In in vitro short-term (3 h) assays, the beta-chloroethyl-methyl-hydrazones B 1 and B 2 inhibit the uptake of 3H-thymidine by EAC and L 1210 leukemia cells, B 2 being 5 to 10 times more effective than B 1. The growth inhibitory effect of both compounds was also confirmed in long-term (7 days) clonal assays using agar-containing glass capillaries, B 2 again being more effective than B 1. In contrast to these differences in vitro, in vivo both substances showed remission to the same degree in EAC- and complete resistance in L 1210-bearing mice. The diverging in vitro/in vivo sensitivities were thought to result from differences in the affinity of the methylhydrazones to the tumor cells: using short exposure periods (3 h) B 1 was more inhibitory than B 2 on both EAC and L 1210 colony growth; i.e., the more hydrophilic B 2 could more easily be washed off. To further test the idea of different cell membrane affinities, the methylhydrazones ZB 1 and P 1 with increasing lipophilic properties were synthesized. In vitro, after both pulse and continuous exposure ZB 1 and P 1 showed enforced inhibitory effects on colony growth. In vivo, ZB 1 and P 1 reduced the tumor weight of EAC mice, while only P 1 increased the survival time of L 1210 mice. The results suggest that from the combination of in vitro/in vivo assays mechanistic conclusions can be derived that are valuable for further development of these cystostatics.
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1985
PMID:In vitro and in vivo investigations for the development of cytostatic methylhydrazones. 404 24

We attempted to determine the reliability of surface markers in distinguishing 21 small round cell tumors from lymphoid malignancies. Using immunofluorescence on tumor cell suspensions and immunoperoxidase on fresh frozen sections, we found that specimens of neuroblastoma (n = 7), rhabdomyosarcoma (n = 7), Ewing's tumor (n = 5), and two unclassified small round cell tumors all lacked human HLA-DR antigens. Each of eight tumors tested also lacked common leukocyte antigen (T200). In each of 13 cases studied, neither polyvalent surface immunoglobulin (sIg) nor receptors for sheep erythrocytes (E), complement (EAC), or the Fc portion of IgG immunoglobulin (EA) were found. Conversely, we found HLA-DR and/or T200 antigens, usually one or more receptors for E, EAC, or EA, and not infrequently, monoclonal sIg on malignant cells in each of 42 cases of lymphocytic lymphoma and leukemia. We conclude that study of surface DR and T200 antigens, sIg, and receptors for E, EAC, and EA aids the differential diagnosis of small round cell tumors from lymphocytic lymphoma and leukemia.
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PMID:Immunologic markers in the differential diagnosis of small round cell tumors from lymphocytic lymphoma and leukemia. 618 65

An autopsied case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) in the left atrium of the heart of a 29-year-old Japanese woman was reported light and electron microscopically, and immunohistochemically. Metastasis was found in the adrenal, jejunum, and cervical regions. This is the fourth case of MFH of the heart in the literature. The tumor consisted of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and histiocytoid cells, including giant cells and xanthomatous cells. Dense patches were commonly detected in all tumor cells. On frozen sections, histiocytoid cells formed EA and EAC rosettes, while fibroblastic cells formed EA rosettes only. Difference between them was also recognized in activity or amount of marker enzymes of histiocytes. These analyses suggested that MFH is a mesenchymal cell tumor with binary differentiation into histiocytoid cells and fibroblastic cells.
Cancer 1983 Nov 15
PMID:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the heart. 619 71

Results of the PHA skin test correlate with prognosis of cancer patients (W. Wiktor-Jedrzejczak [17] ). However, its clinical interpretation is faded by not known character of this reaction. In the present study PHA skin test was performed on 50 subjects simultaneously with: 1. sealed capillary migration inhibition test in the presence of various concentrations of PHA; 2. E and EAC rosette tests for quantitation of T and B lymphocytes. Skin reaction to 1 microgram of purified PHA (Wellcome) was found to correlate with migration inhibition performed using suboptimal doses of PHA-P (Difco). -No correlation was found between leukocyte and lymphocyte absolute count and PHA skin test. Neither proportions nor absolute numbers of E+, and EAC+ and null cells correlated with PHA skin test. On several occasions the test persisted positive despite absence of lymphocytes in peripheral blood of patients. -These studies further suggest that PHA skin test has certain characteristics similar to DTH reactions and that changes of the test do not simply reflect changes in PBL subpopulations.
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PMID:PHA skin test-correlation with migration inhibition but not with peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) subpopulations. With 1 figure. 621 37

The morphology and the proliferation rate of two metastases to the brain of human large cell cancer of the lung were determined following excision. TEM of the metastasis suggested one to be a low differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, while the other fullfilled the criteria for an adenocarcinoma. Cell cultures derived from these metastases were studied as to their morphology and proliferative capacity when grown as monolayers and in spheroid culture. One of the cell lines obtained (Tp 242-C) was found to be anaplastic in culture and to show few special characteristics, while the other (Tp 362-C) demonstrated a number of unique qualities such as an inability to translocate both on glass and on substrate covered by extracellular matrix, an island pattern of cell growth in monolayer culture, multiple desmosome junctions between the cells, and the production of inter- and intra-cellular, villi- covered luminae. In spheroid culture the line Tp 242-C formed tissue-like tumorlets which of the original metastasis. These two new lines of human lung cancers, when fully characterized, may prove of value in biological and therapeutic studies of human lung cancer of the large cell type, the origin, homogeneity as a group and behaviour of which are still under debate.
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PMID:Growth and morphological characteristics of two brain metastases of human large cell carcinomas of the lung in vivo and in monolayer and spheroid cultures. 630 58

Six bladder cancer patients received intralesional injections by needle, under cystoscopic control, of 1969-4046 units (U) of xenogeneic IL-2 of high biological activity (324 U/ml; 397 micrograms/ml protein; 1.22 protein/U ratio). The treatment was spread over 7-54 days and 0.5 ml was injected each time. In 3/6 patients complete tumour regression was seen 43, 60 and 105 respectively days after the first IL-2 injection. In 2 a 70% regression was observed at days 45 and 75. In the last patient massive necrosis throughout the tumour mass was recorded on day 25 at radical cystectomy. In order to evaluate the minimum IL-2 U required to obtain positive clinical results and/or to assess whether the anti-tumour effect observed could be ascribed to the foreign protein of bovine origin contained in our IL-2 preparation, 4 additional bladder cancer patients were treated in 7-14 days with 156-1404 U of a second IL-2 lot with a much lower biological activity and similar protein content (52 U/ml; 289 micrograms/ml of protein; 5.55 protein/U ratio). No clinical or histological improvement was noted over a 42- to 54-day observation period. When we evaluated the 2 groups of patients by Student's t-test for both total U injected and U/kg of body weight (bw) we found a statistically significant differences (0.0025 less than p less than 0.0005 and p less than 0.0005, respectively). In contrast, no difference was seen for the injected protein amounts. The reported observations are in favour of a dose-dependent anti-tumour action mediated by IL-2 instead of foreign proteins. In none of the patients treated were any early or late adverse clinical side effects observed. Immunological monitoring (E, EAC, E-active rosettes, mitogen lymphocyte stimulations and leukocyte migration inhibition in the presence of allogeneic bladder cancer cells) performed on the peripheral blood (PB) showed significant but contrasting modifications after IL-2 injection. There was no clear correlation with the clinical course. The patients in whom we observed complete regression are still tumour free after 2, 4 and 7 months. In addition, in all the patients of the first group we observed an increase in tumour lymphoid infiltrate after IL-2 injection and in 2 patients lymphoid pseudo-follicles were also noted. In 2 of these patients we also observed scar-like areas in the place of the tumours previously seen.
Int J Cancer 1984 Sep 15
PMID:Tumour regression after intralesional injection of interleukin 2 (IL-2) in bladder cancer. Preliminary report. 633 86

Cell respiration (CR) and glycolysis (GL) are the main sources cell energy, since along their metabolic pathways ATP is produced. Expressed as microM/100 mg/h, normal cells produce 63 by CR, 0.2 by aerobic GL, and 9.37 by anaerobic GL, while cancer cells produce 35 by CR, 18 by aerobic GL, and 29 by anaerobic GL. The ascites fluid from EAC increases the anaerobic GL to 38, while it does not change the aerobic GL to 7 and diminishes the CR to 26. Insulin produces a lowering of CR to 26, aerobic GL to 26 and anaerobic GL to 22. Glucose inhibits CR and stimulates GL. Ribose does not modify CR and inhibits GL. Mannose inhibits both CR and GL. Ribonuclease increases GL in the presence of glucose but not of ribose. Glucose-phosphate and ribose-phosphate have no action because they do not enter into the cell. Expressed as QLN2/100 mg, the main localization of GL is the cytosol (480), but it is significant in the nucleus (170), and diminishes in microsomes (100) and mitochondria (52). Mitochondria inhibit the cytosol glycolytic activity when they are either in the usual proportion they have in the cell or in a higher proportion. It is curious the observation that a diminution of the relative concentration of mitochondria with regard to cytosol (1/100 to 1/1000) produces a marked increase of GL. The addition of nuclear fraction stabilizes the cytosol-mitochondria complex and modifies the metabolic pathway of the CO2 that is produced during the GL.
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PMID:[Energy metabolism of Ehrlich ascites cancer cells]. 640 Jun 22

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is of value for the differential diagnosis of Ewing's tumor of bone. Based upon 9 new cases which were observed with SEM and TEM (transmission electron microscopy), this paper puts into consideration, for the first time, the SEM ultrastructure of Ewing's sarcoma (both variants; typical Ewing's sarcoma and the large cell Ewing's sarcoma). Furthermore, a new case of vascular Ewing's sarcoma, studied with TEM, is discussed and included in the differential diagnosis with other round cell sarcomas of bone. Both Ewing's sarcoma types evidence common ultrastructural characteristics, but the atypical variant (large cell type) shows a greater variation in cell size and contour. The cell surfaces displayed smooth structures, interrupted only by clusters of short, stub-like microvilli. Isolated cilia were also observed. Variations in cell contour and size within the same tumour are also induced through intensive chemotherapy, as noted in one of our cases. SEM seems to be suitable for the differentiation of Ewing's tumours from other primary malignancies of the bone marrow, as is the case of the so-called "reticulum cell sarcoma of bone" or malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma. SEM studies associated with TEM give further support to the mesenchymal origin of this neoplasm.
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PMID:Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of Ewing's sarcoma of bone (typical and atypical variants). An analysis of nine cases. 640 43

A group of 17 patients, having undergone modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer, received 12 cycles of chemotherapy with methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, and chlorambucil during 17 months. The number of circulating T and non T lymphocytes, as defined by E, EAC, and ME rosette formation, were reduced during treatment. The Non-T lymphocytes, however, were reduced to the highest relative extent. Relative phytohemagglutinin and mixed lymphocyte culture responses of the cells decreased, whereas purified protein derivative responses were unchanged. Serum concentrations of IgM were reduced, but IgA and IgG concentrations were unchanged or slightly increased. Antibody titres to morbilli and herpes simplex were not changed, whereas the antibody activity against cytomegalovirus (CMV) increased in several seropositive patients. None of these patients, however, developed signs of a CMV infection.
Cancer 1981 Nov 01
PMID:Immunologic monitoring in breast cancer patients receiving postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. 645 83

One-hundred-eighty-six previously untreated patients with malignant lymphoma were evaluated for immunocompetence by means of several tests of immune function: total circulating lymphocytes, T cells (E-rosettes), B cells (EAC-rosettes), delayed hypersensitivity to six recall antigens, serum immunoglobulins, mixed lymphocyte culture, and lymphocyte mitogenic response to phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen. The results were correlated with histology, stage, and clinical features. Diffuse lymphomas, especially diffuse histiocytic (large cell) (DHL), were associated with decreased absolute lymphocytes and E-rosette forming cells. Skin test reactivity varied with both histology and stage. For example, only one of six tests was impaired in diffuse lymphocytic well differentiated (DLWD) lymphoma in contrast to two of six in localized DHL and five of six in advanced DHL. Patients with nodular lymphoma exhibited depressed mean levels of IgA and IgG, while only IgA was significantly decreased in diffuse lymphoma. Mitogen stimulation was depressed in all groups, although mixed lymphocyte cultures did not differ significantly from controls. In summary, there is a spectrum of immunodeficiency of both B and T cell type in patients with malignant lymphoma that correlated with histology and stage. Implications and possible mechanisms of these observations are discussed.
Cancer 1981 Dec 15
PMID:Immunocompetence and malignant lymphoma: immunologic status before therapy. 645 52


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