Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1261473 (sarcoma)
 25,952 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Total 3-D reconstruction of the tumor size, shape, and relations with surrounding structures using CT, MRI, sonography, and angiography images can make simulated radical resection of soft-tissue sarcomas possible, thus sparing normal tissues. With our approach, starting from three MR images for a given patient, a new single image representation of all three parameters is generated by using two different techniques on a workstation in a standard UNIX and X-11 environment. The first one is a transformation linking together the MR parameters and the RGB (red, green, blue) color components. The second one is an unsupervised segmentation method based on a number of neural and fuzzy models. We can dinamically render and update a stereo display using field sequential presentation of left and right eye views on the monitor, with Cristal Eyes LCD shutter eyewear (StereoGraphics Inc., San Rafael, CA) to view it. As 3D locating tool, a 3D locating control system based on low-frequency magnetic fields (Polhemus Fastrak) has been chosen. Simulations of soft-tissues excisions may be performed in this interactive environment with augmented-reality modalities. All this, in our experience, has greatly facilitated the simulation of soft-tissue sarcoma excisions.
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PMID:Simulation of soft-tissue tumor excisions: a multimodal interactive approach. 1016 9

A soft tissue expander is surgically inserted into the body to displace radiosensitive organs from the treatment field in a small number of patients receiving radiotherapy for musculoskeletal sarcoma. MRI is routinely used to monitor the response to the radiotherapy, local recurrence and complications of treatment. This study retrospectively reviews MRI of soft tissue expanders in seven patients with musculoskeletal sarcomas; six arising in the pelvis and one in the retroperitoneum. In the absence of an appropriate clinical history, the soft tissue expander may be mistaken for a pathological fluid collection such as abscess, post-operative seroma or even recurrent tumour. MRI of the soft tissue expanders and potential errors in image interpretation are illustrated.
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PMID:Magnetic resonance imaging of soft tissue expanders used in the management of musculoskeletal sarcomas. 1019 6

Titanocene dichloride [(C5H5)2TiCl2] is a new-developed organometallic antitumor agent which is currently being investigated in clinical trials of phases I and II. In the present study, it was tested for antitumor activity in human renal tumors either growing as monolayers in vitro or as xenografts in athymic mice. For comparison, approved cytostatic drugs (in vitro, vinblastine and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine; in vivo, cyclophosphamide, vinblastine, and 5-fluorouracil) were administered in vitro and in vivo at equivalent or equitoxic dose levels, respectively. Under in vitro conditions, titanocene dichloride was active only moderately. When it was applied at peak plasma level of 10(4) mol/l, it induced cell growth inhibitions by 25-50% in all KTCTL cell lines investigated (KTCTL-1M, KTCTL-2, KTCTL-26A, KTCTL-30, KTCTL-84). In the N-U 2 carcinoma cell strain it was more effective and caused cell growth inhibitions of 70-80% at the 10(-4) mol/l level, the IC50 value amounting to 5 x 10(-6) mol/l. When titanocene dichloride was applied intraperitoneally (i.p.) according to the Q3Dx5 and Q2Dx5 regimens and investigated in the human renal-cell carcinoma N-U 2 growing as xenograft in athymic mice, it brought about significant and dose-dependent growth reductions by 50-75% in relation to untreated controls, whereas cyclophosphamide given as single bolus injection and vinblastine administered both as single and triple doses were slightly less effective in this xenograft. MKT 4 and MKT 5, two formulations of titanocene dichloride which are currently used in clinical trials, showed similar efficacy as titanocene dichloride towards the N-U 2 renal-cell carcinoma xenograft. In the heterotransplanted N-U 26 carcinoma, titanocene dichloride induced relative growth reductions by 50-56% and was similarly active as cyclophosphamide, but less effective than vinblastine applied as a single dose. Titanocene dichloride was again significantly active in the KTCTL-1M carcinoma xenograft and caused relative growth reductions by 50-65%. In the case of the MRI-H 121 renal sarcoma xenograft, however, the organometallic compound showed an only marginal activity which was surpassed by cyclophosphamide, vinblastine and 5-fluorouracil, all three drugs inducing significant relative growth inhibitions by 50-88%. These results confirm a significant and remarkable antitumor activity of titanocene dichloride in three out of four human renal tumors xenografted to athymic mice and suggest that clinical studies of phase II with titanocene dichloride towards renal-cell carcinoma in human patients should be done in the near future.
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PMID:Antitumor activity of titanocene dichloride in xenografted human renal-cell carcinoma. 1022 88

Retroperitoneal sarcomas are often voluminous tumors which spread via diverse anatomic paths. The resulting difficult excision explains the high frequency of local or peritoneal recurrence (80% at 10 years). Controlled, complete wide surgical excision is essential as repeated local recurrence is the usual cause of death. The main prognostic factors are the quality and extent of the surgical excision, the histopathology grade, and the metastatic extension. Peroperative pathology is indispensable as no imaging method can provide a sure differentiation between benign and malignant retroperitoneal tumors. CT-scan and MRI are useful to assess extension of the sarcoma to neighboring organs. Surgical treatment should be well-controlled with resectability criteria established preoperatively. A pseudo-capsule limiting the tumor should not be considered as a sufficient safety margin. Extension to neighboring organs is an essential element in preventing the risk of local recurrence. This extension may necessitate associating different access routes. The vascular element must be carefully assessed due to the major problems of reconstruction encountered in subperitoneal tumors, particularly in women. The role of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy has not been well-determined but pre and postoperative chemotherapy protocols currently under investigation have shown objective response. Intraoperative or postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy is also under evaluation. Operated patients should be followed regularly as the risk of recurrence is high. Surgery is indicated for the treatment of recurrences with the best results being obtained after early detection. PET and FDG explorations may be useful for detecting recurrence early.
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PMID:[Retroperitoneal sarcomas: 2. Surgical and complementary treatment]. 1048 53

The objective of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of (111)In-DTPA-octreotide (OC) for in vivo scintigraphic imaging of these relatively uncommon tumors. Thirteen patients (9 males, 4 females, mean age 59 years) with known sarcomatous lesions were studied. All patients had known lesions as demonstrated by previous investigation with other modalities, e.g. CAT, MRI. Following intravenous injection of 10 microg of OC labeled with 2.8-4.2 mCi (111)In, planar imaging was done at 6 +/- 1 and 22 +/- 2 h, respectively. Histologic verification was obtained in all cases, either from fine needle aspiration or from surgically removed tissue. Positive imaging was observed in 12/13 cases (92.3%). One scan was false-negative (7.7%). Occult lesions were demonstrated in two patients. The histologic typing and the scintigraphy results were: fibrosarcoma (1+/1), embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma (1+/1), leiomyosarcomas (3+/3), liposarcomas (2+/2), uterine sarcomas (2+/2), HIV (-) Kaposi sarcoma (1+/1), osteosarcoma (1+/1), chondrosarcoma (1-/1) and neurogenous sarcoma (1+/1). OC appears to have properties that lead to a new indication for its use. Other possible applications relate to the therapeutic use of octreotide either unlabeled or labeled with a beta-emitting radionuclide, as well as its use in radioimmunoguided surgery. Regarding the latter, our preliminary results are encouraging.
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PMID:Scintigraphic imaging of sarcomatous tumors with [(111)In-DTPA-phe-1]-octreotide. 1064 36

Soft tissue sarcoma surgery is based on techniques that are in the process of ongoing development. In this study, the case is reported of a female patient who was operated on at the age of 14 years for a primary synoviosarcoma of the dominant hand, which was treated by conservative surgery and 60 Gy adjuvant radiotherapy. Twenty-two years later, she presented with a clinical picture of recurrence, but with no detectable metastases. Amputation of the distal third of the forearm was performed. The anatomopathological examination showed the presence of a myxoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma. It was considered that this tumor had been radiation-induced. All the distinct diagnostic criteria were met, i.e., a latency of over two years, different diagnosis and the appearance of the tumor within (or next to) the irradiated field. Both the diagnostic methods (MRI, tumor biopsy, and CT scan of the chest to investigate possible tumor spread) and the surgical approach have been discussed. The latter has altered over the years from being systematically radical (amputation or compartimental resection) to systematically conservative (good local control via radiotherapy). The modern attitude reflects a return to a more balanced approach. The frequency of such tumors has probably been underestimated in reports in the literature, as the latency period can sometimes exceed 30 years, and an accurate determination of the etiology is not always possible. Two main factors should be taken into account in treatment strategy: i) distant metastases of high-grade soft tissue sarcomas often appear early in the course of the disease, and are not affected by surgery at the primary site; ii) local recurrence, which is associated with high morbidity, and is directly connected with incomplete resection. Technical progress and a multidisciplinary approach have resulted in more sophisticated treatment (allowing a larger surgical resection area, and better residual function). Surgical management remains the treatment of choice, as radiotherapy and chemotherapy have not demonstrated any positive effect on patient survival.
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PMID:[Soft tissue sarcomas of the hand: report of a radiation-induced case]. 1123 34

The prognosis for patients with bone sarcoma treated with LSS has improved considerably over the past 2 decades, but this has also lead to an increase in the number of complications requiring treatment. Imaging plays an important role, not only in assessing the primary tumour, but also in identifying postsurgical complications. Plain radiography demonstrates the majority of the complications associated with LSS and remains the mainstay of follow-up imaging. Complications such as fractures are common and warrant frequent plain film follow-up. Imaging with scintigraphy, MRI and CT should be tailored to the patient's clinical history, type of surgery and suspected complications. A baseline postoperative bone scan examination can be helpful for comparisons with subsequent scans for the detection of complications. Sonography should be considered if infection is suspected. Finally, tumour recurrence may be frequent enough to consider more extensive use of MRI.
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PMID:Local complications after limb-salvage surgery for pediatric bone tumours: a pictorial essay. 1124 64

We retrospectively analyzed the MRI findings of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMSA) in 23 patients to evaluate its role in staging and management. Heterogeneous signal abnormalities were noted in the sarcoma lesions with significant contrast enhancement. Seven head and neck cases showed direct bone invasion and destruction; only one had distant bony metastasis. Metastasis was noted in the lymph nodes, lung, bone, abdominoperitoneum, and head and neck soft tissue. MRI findings of RMSA are most helpful in staging and assessing therapeutic response.
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PMID:Imaging and clinical spectrum of rhabdomyosarcoma in children. 1133 Nov 51

A case of epithelioid sarcoma involving the soft tissues of the ankle is presented. The tumor was a hemorrhagic, fluid-filled, multiloculated lesion with inflammatory changes in the surrounding planes. Tuberculous abscess was diagnosed on the basis of the clinical picture, ultrasound and MRI findings. Surgical exploration of the ankle mass was carried out because of lack of local healing while the patient's general and pulmonary status improved on antituberculosis treatment. This was an unusual case of epithelioid sarcoma mimicking a multilocular abscess.
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PMID:Epithelioid sarcoma mimicking abscess: review of the MRI appearances. 1135 58

Focal myositis is a rare, benign focal inflammation of muscle. The lesion often presents as a mass that may be mistaken for a soft tissue sarcoma. This report describes the MRI and histopathological features of a case and illustrates how the diagnosis may be suspected on the basis of the MR findings.
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PMID:Focal myositis. 1153 62


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