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Query: UMLS:C1261473 (sarcoma)
 25,952 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare neoplasm, and its aetiology is unknown. It is a malignant proliferation of neoplastic cells showing immunophenotypic and morphologic features similar to tissue histiocytes. The clinical course of histiocytic sarcoma is usually agressive. The signs and symptoms of histiocytic sarcoma are systemic symptoms (fever, weight loss), hepatosplenomegaly, adenopathies, intestinal obstruction, rash and pancytopenia. We present the case of a 75 years old woman, with fever, weight loss, anorexia, fatigue, splenomegaly and pancytopenia. Bone marrow examination showed the diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma.
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PMID:[Histiocytic sarcoma: a case report and review of the literature]. 1600 16

A seven-month-old female, Italian hound which was presented with anorexia, dyspnoea and weight loss showed two subcutaneous masses at physical examination. Radiographs showed multiple opacities in the lungs, thorax, liver and spleen, and cytology showed discrete pleomorphic cells, with variable nuclear : cytoplasmic ratio, foamy cytoplasm and round to oval nuclei. Incisional biopsy histology showed the infiltrative proliferation of highly pleomorphic spindle to roundish large cells, discrete or arranged in a storiform pattern, with scattered multinucleated giant cells. Immunohistochemistry exhibited strong positivity for vimentin and mild labelling for alpha-smooth muscle actin and lysozyme; other mesenchymal or histiocytic lineage markers stained negatively. Because of the poor prognosis, the owner elected euthanasia. Post-mortem examination confirmed massive metastatic spread. Cytology, histology and immunohistochemistry suggested the diagnosis of anaplastic sarcoma with giant cells, although disseminated histiocytic sarcoma was a reliable differential diagnosis. The authors underline the difficulties in definitively categorising poorly differentiated sarcomas, even if a large panel of markers is applied.
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PMID:Anaplastic and aggressive subcutaneous sarcoma in a seven-month-old dog. 1842 5

Subject. A 27-year-old Hispanic male with clinical manifestation of neurofibromatosis type 1 developed chronic constipation and urination difficulty along with recently increased abdominal bloating and anorexia. He also noted 40 lbs weight loss over period of 1 year. Physical and radiographic examinations revealed a large mass in the right pelvic fossa.Results. The surgically removed tumor was demonstrated, histologically, immunohistochemically, and ultrastructurally, to be a malignant hemangiopericytoma.Discussion.Although non-neurogenic tumors associated with neurofibromatosis have been reported in these patients, only one hemangiopericytoma case has been found in the English literature. We report here another case of this rare malignant hemangiopericytoma in a patient with neurofibromatosis.
Sarcoma 1999
PMID:Malignant hemangiopericytoma arising in neurofibromatosis: a case report with histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies. 1852 Dec 76

Spirocerca lupi is a nematode infesting the canine oesophagus, where it induces the formation of a nodule that may transform into a malignant sarcoma. The current, retrospective study compared the clinical presentation, haematology, serum albumin and globulin and radiology of benign cases (n=31) and malignant cases (n=31) of spirocercosis. Dogs with spirocercosis-induced sarcoma were significantly older (6.4+/-1.91 years) than benign cases (4.93+/-2.87). In the malignant cases there were significantly (p=0.03) more sterilized females (10/31) and fewer intact males (4/31) compared to 2/31 and 13/31, respectively, in the benign cases. Hypertrophic osteopathy was observed in 38.7% of malignant cases and in none of the benign cases (p=0.0002). Common clinical signs included weight loss, regurgitation, anorexia, pyrexia (T>or=39.5 degrees ), respiratory complications and salivation but did not differ in prevalence between groups. On haematology, the malignant group had significantly (p<0.05) lower haematocrit (0.34+/-0.08 vs. 0.41+/-0.07) and higher white cell count (31.6+/-27.83 vs. 17.71+/-13.18 x 10(3)microl(-1)), mature neutrophil count (26.06+/-26.08 vs. 12.23+/-9.96 x 10(3)microl(-1)) and thrombocyte count (493.15+/-151.61 vs. 313.27+/-128.54 x 10(9)microl(-1)). There were no differences in the mean corpuscular volume and immature neutrophil count. On radiology, the mass length was not significantly different, but the height and the width of the malignant masses were significantly larger (62.59+/-15.15 mm and 73.93+/-20.94 mm) compared to the benign group (46.43+/-23.62 and 49.29+/-25.56, respectively). Spondylitis was more prevalent in the malignant group (67.86% vs. 38.46%, p=0.03). Examining secondary pulmonary changes revealed significantly higher prevalence of bronchial displacement in the malignant group (52% vs. 17%, p=0.008). Hypertrophic osteopathy appeared to be a very specific but relatively rare (poor sensitivity) marker of malignancy. Female gender, anaemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, spondylitis and bronchial displacement are significantly more common in malignant cases, but appear in benign cases as well. However, if found together in a specific case, they should increase the index of suspicion for malignancy in a diagnosed spirocercosis case.
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PMID:Clinical differentiation between dogs with benign and malignant spirocercosis. 1853 58

Malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a rare type of sarcoma that is found in the digestive system, most often in the wall of the stomach. Multiple GISTs are extremely rare and usually associated with type 1 neurofibromatosis and familial GIST.We report here a case of a 70-year-old woman who reported pain in the abdomen, loss of appetite, and weight loss for six months. Ultrasound examination showed a small bowel mass along with multiple peritoneal deposits and a mass within the liver. Barium studies were suggestive of a neoplastic pathology of the distal ileum. A differential diagnosis of adenocarcinoma/lymphoma with metastases was entertained. Perioperative findings showed two large growths arising from the jejunum and the distal ileum, along with multiple smaller nodules on the serosal surface and adjoining mesentery of the involved bowel segments. Segmental resection of the involved portions of the intestine was performed. Histopathological features were consistent with those of multicentric malignant GIST-not otherwise specified (GIST-NOS). Follow-up examination three months after surgery showed no evidence of recurrence.
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PMID:Multicentric malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor. 1956 56

A 10-year-old Japanese domestic cat was presented with anorexia and weight loss. Severe anemia and thrombocytopenia were detected. Abdominal radiography and ultrasonography revealed the presence of multiple masses in the spleen. Cytological analyses of the masses revealed several atypical histiocytic cells and considerable hemophagocytosis. A splenectomy was performed, and the mass was diagnosed as histiocytic sarcoma on the basis of histopathological, cytochemical and immunohistochemical analyses. Further, abnormal hemophagocytosis was observed in the bone marrow. The cat was administered prednisolone and lomustine, and it survived for 107 days after admission. An autopsy revealed the presence of neoplastic histiocytic cells in the bone marrow, liver, pancreatic lymph node and glomeruli. This is the first case of histiocytic sarcoma in a cat to be reported in Japan.
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PMID:Disseminated histiocytic sarcoma with excessive hemophagocytosis in a cat. 1957 95

A 6-year-old neutered female Bernese mountain dog is described with anorexia, weight loss and melena. Gastric neoplasia was noticed (on ultrasound) and pathological examination ofgastric biopsies showed a histiocytic tumor. Necropsy confirmed the diagnosis of a localised histiocytic sarcoma. It was remarkable that the large tumor didn't lead to vomiting.
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PMID:[A localised histocytic sarcoma in the stomach of a dog]. 1957 81

Disseminated infections with hemophagocytic syndrome caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are rare. A 60-year-old woman, who presented with fever, chills, anorexia, and right upper quadrant pain, was admitted to our hospital. Hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, elevated liver aminotransferases, and hyperferritinemia were noted after admission. A gallium scan and chest computed tomography revealed multiple mediastinal lymphadenopathy. A bone marrow examination revealed hemophagocytosis. Bone marrow and liver biopsies showed non-caseating granulomatosis and cultures from bone marrow and liver all yielded Mycobacterium kansasii. The patient responded well to azithromycin, isoniazid, rifampin, and ethambutol. No immunocompromised conditions such as malignancy, autoimmune disease, or HIV infection were detected initially. However, a right femoral tumor with pathological fracture was found five months later during follow-up at the outpatient clinic. Bone biopsy showed granulocytic sarcoma. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of life-threatening hemophagocytosis due to M. kansasii. Patients with disseminated NTM infections should be closely monitored if any immunocompromising condition develops.
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PMID:Disseminated Mycobacterium kansasii infection associated with hemophagocytic syndrome. 1965 7

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) or inflammatory pseudotumour is a histologically distinctive lesion occurring primarily in the viscera and soft tissue of children and young adults. We report an unusual case of IMT which had undergone malignant transformation in the chest wall at the pacemaker site. A 64-year-old male presented with a history of high fever, loss of appetite and weight loss of three months duration. He had a dual chamber pacemaker reinserted in the left infraclavicular region in the previous year. This was followed by a gradually enlarging hard swelling at the insertion site. The CT-scan showed a soft tissue mass encasing the pacing box, without intrathoracic extension. The trucut biopsy was suspicious of soft tissue sarcoma. A well encapsulated hard mass, with pacemaker embedded within it was resected en-bloc ensuring wide resection margins. Histology revealed fascicles of spindle cell proliferation with prominent inflammatory component, occasional spindle cells with prominent nucleoli and scattered atypical mitotic figures, with areas of focal necrosis. The lesional cells were negative for CD21, smooth muscle actin, ckit, cytokeratins and anaplastic lymphoma kinase 1. A diagnosis of IMT with malignant transformation i.e. inflammatory fibrosarcoma was made. He had adjuvant radiotherapy and uneventful recovery.
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PMID:Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour at the pacemaker site. 2004 Apr 80

An 18-year-old male underwent an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in the first late chronic phase. On day 132, he was readmitted to the hospital with nausea, vomiting and nodular lesions on endoscopy. A diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma of the stomach was made. Bone marrow cytogenetic analysis for the Philadelphia chromosome and nested polymerase chain reaction for BCR-ABL1 were both negative. Immunosuppression was abruptly discontinued, and by day 180, all gastric lesions had completely disappeared. However, there were histological signs of graft-versus-host disease. The patient developed progressive anorexia and elevated hepatic enzymes, which prompted the reintroduction of cyclosporine. Considering the risk of another relapse, imatinib mesylate (IM) 600 mg/day was started. The patient Is condition improved, and there was no evidence of disease recurrence at 36 months after relapse. Relapse of CML is the commonest cause of treatment failure after allo-HSCT. On rare occasions, a localized extramedullary presentation is seen. Unless properly treated, other extramedullary relapse sites and/or marrow infiltration usually occur. Withdrawal of immunosuppression, along with IM therapy seems to be an acceptable approach in this setting.
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PMID:Granulocytic sarcoma of the stomach: relapse after hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia. 2054 44


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