Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1261473 (sarcoma)
 25,952 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study was designed to investigate whether a combination of a glutamine antagonist (DON) and a diet deficient in glutamate and aspartate (AG) altered glutamine metabolism in tumor tissue, and inhibited tumor growth. In experiment-1, 21 male Donryu rats were fed with AG and implanted with Yoshida's Sarcoma. Of them, 7 rats were sacrificed on the 5th day (group AG), other 7 were sacrificed next day (group AG-1) and the remaining 7 were injected with DON on the 5th day and sacrificed next day (group AG+D). The tumor weight of group AG+D was significantly lower than of group AG, or of group AG-1. In experiment-2, of 23 rats, 9 were fed with control diet and 14 were fed with AG and implanted. 12 were sacrificed on the 5th day (group C, AG), and 11 were injected with DON on the 5th day and sacrificed next day (group C+D, AG+D). The reduced ratio of tumor weight in group C+D and group AG+D were 25% and 67%, respectively. These results show that the tumor growth could be inhibited by using metabolic antagonist of glutamine, and that it had synergistic effect in conjunction with the imbalanced diet.
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PMID:Glutamine antagonist with diet deficient in glutamine and aspartate reduce tumor growth. 141 55

Pluronic F-127 (PLF-127) gels were evaluated as a sustained-release vehicle for intraperitoneal administration of mitomycin C (MMC) in order to enhance the therapeutic effects of MMC against a Sarcoma-180 ascites tumor in mice. Tumor cell injections were made on day 0 and injections of MMC in 25% (w/w) PLF-127 on day 1, both intraperitoneally. A prolongation of the life span of tumor-bearing mice following injection of therapeutic PLF-127 was noted, and PLF-127 containing MMC was therapeutically more active than free drug. The high chemotherapeutic efficiency of MMC in PLF-127 was striking at high doses, which would be toxic in the case of the drug alone. PLF-127 gels exhibit reverse thermal behavior and are fluid at refrigerator temperature, but are soft gels at body temperature. The in vitro release experiments indicated that Pluronic gel might serve as a rate-controlling barrier and be useful as a vehicle for sustained-release preparations of MMC to be administered intraperitoneally. These results suggest that sustained-release occurs in the peritoneum and that effective drug concentrations can be maintained by the preparation.
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PMID:Antitumor effect of pluronic F-127 gel containing mitomycin C on sarcoma-180 ascites tumor in mice. 142 88

We reviewed all new patients referred for treatment to the Sarcoma Unit at the Royal Marsden Hospital with a clinical diagnosis of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) during the course of 1 year (1989-1990). Of 118 patients, 65 (55.1%) had primary STS, 26 (22.0%) had recurrent STS, 19 (16.1%) had benign soft tissue tumours and eight (6.8%) had malignant tumours other than STS involving soft tissues and presenting clinically as soft tissue tumours. All patients underwent CT scanning which was used to assist diagnosis, assess operability or for radiotherapy planning. The CT findings of the benign lesions, all clinically suspicious of sarcoma, are discussed. The role of CT in the identification and management of these cases is emphasized.
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PMID:Benign mimics of soft tissue sarcomas. 142 46

We have previously reported that 2',3',5'-tris-O-[N-(2-n-propyl-n-pentanoyl)glycyl]-5-fluorouridine (UK-21), a derivative of 5-fluorouridine (5-FUR), and 1-(6-[N-(2-n-propyl-n-pentanoyl)-glycyl]amino-n-hexylcarbamoyl)-5- fluorouracil (UK-25), a derivative of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), exert their antitumor activity in mice bearing Meth A or EL4 tumor, while their immunosuppressive effects are mild. In the present study, we examined the effects of these compounds on Sarcoma-180 (S-180), P388, L1210, and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) in mice by p.o. administration and i.p.-administration. UK-21 given p.o. showed an antitumor effect against S-180, but it showed virtually no antitumor effects against P388, L1210 and LLC. UK-21 given i.p., on the other hand, strongly inhibited the growth of Meth A tumor at a far lower dose than that for oral administration. The bioavailability of UK-21 given p.o. was suspected to be poor. UK-25 given p.o., in contrast, showed the antitumor effect on all of the tumors employed. The bioavailability of UK-25 given p.o. seemed to be comparable to those of other drugs. These results suggest that UK-21 has the potential for development as a parenterally applicable anticancer drug, and UK-25 has the potential as an oral one.
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PMID:Antitumor activity of two novel low immunosuppressive fluoropyrimidines UK-21 and UK-25. 143 42

Sarcoma of the uterus accounts for less than 1 per cent of uterine neoplasms but is responsible for more than 15 per cent of deaths. However, histological or clinical malignancy features are poorly understood, in particular those which differentiate sarcomas from leiomyomas. This study involved 16 cases, seen during 8 years in two gynecology clinics in Iasi (Rumania) and chosen according to histological diagnosis. Ten leiomyomas were also chosen for comparison of symptomatology. The malignancy criteria studied--vascular invasion, cellular density, number of mitoses and histological type (most often leiomyosarcoma: 8 out of 16)--were used to compare sarcomas with suspect leiomyomas. The mean age was 50, 7 cases being diagnosed after the menopause. The commonest symptom was metromenorrhagia (11 cases out of 16), but pain was more frequent in leiomyomas (9 out of 10). Treatment was above all surgical, total hysterectomy having the best prognosis (3 deaths out of 8 patients operated upon). Other methods (in particular radiotherapy) not being used immediately after surgery, they could not be studied. In terms of its difficult diagnosis and its high degree of malignancy (9 deaths out of 16), sarcoma must remain an argument in favour of total hysterectomy.
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PMID:[Malignancy of uterine sarcoma in comparison with suspect leiomyoma. An anatomo-clinical study of 16 cases]. 147 Aug 17

The cytotoxicity of several antitumor drugs is enhanced by hyperthermia (HT). Using mouse Sarcoma-180 (S-180) tumors, the authors examined the effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and a combined oral preparation of 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil (FT) and uracil in a molar ratio of 1:4 (UFT), in combination with HT. The antitumor effect of 5-FU was not enhanced significantly by HT. Growth inhibition by UFT plus HT was significantly greater than that by UFT alone, whereas inhibition by UFT alone was significantly greater than that by 5-FU. The intracellular metabolism of 5-FU and FT in whole homogenates of S-180 cells, human tumor cell lines (SC-2 and Lu-99), and five fresh human tumor tissues also was investigated. Conversion of FT to 5-FU, phosphorylation, and degradation of 5-FU were assayed with [3H]FT or [3H]5-FU, and the products were separated by thin-layer chromatography. The conversion of FT to 5-FU and the phosphorylation of 5-FU were more rapid at 43 degrees C than at 37 degrees C, whereas the degradation of 5-FU to 2-fluoro-beta-alanine remained unchanged. This acceleration of the active metabolism of FT and 5-FU may be one explanation for the enhanced effect of UFT by HT.
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PMID:Hyperthermia enhances the inhibition of tumor growth by 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil/uracil (1:4) in tumors in mice and humans. 151 94

Sarcoma of the breast represents only 0.2-1% of all mammary malignancies. This study reports 5 such cases, including 2 osteosarcomas, 1 fibro-, 1 lipo-, and 1 malignant fibrous sarcoma. The treatment used was mastectomy in 3 cases with excision of axillary lymph nodes. The remaining 2 patients were treated by simple mastectomy whereby 1 of these received a immediate reconstruction with a prosthesis. 1 patient demonstrated local recurrence and died. The remaining 4 patients did not develop neither metastases nor local recurrence and are still alive after an observing period between 12 months up to 17 years. Today, first-line treatment is wide local excision or simple mastectomy. Excision of the axillary lymphatics, adjuvant radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have been disappointing in the treatment of breast sarcoma.
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PMID:[Sarcoma of the breast]. 152 31

The active principle of Nigella sativa seeds containing certain fatty acids was studied for antitumour activities against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC), Dalton's lymphonia ascites (DLA) and Sarcoma-180 (S-180) cells. In vitro cytotoxic studies showed 50% cytotoxicity to Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, Dalton's lymphoma ascites and Sarcoma-180 cells at a concentration of 1.5 micrograms, 3 micrograms and 1.5 micrograms respectively with little activity against lymphocytes. The cell growth of KB cells in culture was inhibited by the active principle while K-562 cells resumed near control values on day 2 and day 3. Tritiated thymidine incorporation studies indicated the possible action of an active principle at DNA level. In vivo EAC tumour development was completely inhibited by the active principle at the dose of 2 mg/mouse per day x 10.
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PMID:Antitumour principles from Nigella sativa seeds. 155 6

The study comprised 97 patients treated by the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group for high-grade, extremity-localized osteosarcoma. Chemotherapy was according to the T-10 protocol, with four courses of high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) given preoperatively at weekly intervals. Seventeen percent of the patients obtained a good (grade III or IV) histologic response, 62% a moderate (grade II) response and 21% a poor (grade I) response. Grade II-IV responders had significantly higher serum MTX levels than grade I responders. Good responders had significantly better survival than moderate/poor responders, and had a trend towards both lower recurrence rate and longer time to recurrence. Five-year overall and relapse-free survival for all patients was 63% and 53%, respectively. Within a group of patients with similar primary tumour response, there was a trend for better survival with increasing serum MTX levels, indicating that individualization of MTX doses according to renal excretion rates may be indicated. The present results underline the importance of introducing effective chemotherapy from the start of osteosarcoma treatment, and that HDMTX alone seems to be insufficient preoperative therapy. The toxicity of HDMTX is generally mild, but we have by cerebral MRI found signal changes in white matter in 14/22 patients; changes that may represent subclinical MTX CNS toxicity. In the subsequent SSG osteosarcoma protocol, cisplatin and doxorubicin has been added to HDMTX from the start of treatment. Our data also suggest that an aggressive approach involving second-line chemotherapy and surgery is indicated for metastatic disease and that such an approach may lead to long-term survival in up to 30% of patients.
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PMID:The treatment of osteosarcoma: present trends. The Scandinavian Sarcoma Group experience. 162 72

A Head and Neck Sarcoma Registry was established by the Society of Head and Neck Surgeons to review treatment results of a rare tumor by surgeons with special interest in this anatomic site. Two hundred fourteen patients were analyzed. There were 194 adult tumors and 20 pediatric tumors. The major sites included parotid and neck, 20%; face and forehead, 18%; maxilla and palate, 13%; scalp, 12%; mandible, 11%; paranasal sinuses, 7%; larynx, 2%; and oral cavity, 5%. Eighty-four percent were resectable. The disease-free survival was 56%; overall survival was 70% at 5 years. Major determinants of survival were adequacy of resection (margins free of tumor) and tumor type. Survival differed according to tumor cell type (tumor grade was not available). Patients with chondrosarcoma and dermatofibrosarcoma had survival approaching 100%. Patients with malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) and fibrosarcoma (FSA) had intermediate survival of 60% to 70%. The worst survival, less than 50% at 5 years, occurred in patients with osteosarcoma, angiosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma in decreasing order. This suggests a rationale for identifying high-risk patients for prospective adjuvant protocols. This study emphasizes the value of recording uncommon tumors to provide relevant information for future study and possibly therapy.
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PMID:Head and neck sarcoma: report of the Head and Neck Sarcoma Registry. Society of Head and Neck Surgeons Committee on Research. 162 88


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