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Query: UMLS:C1258215 (ileus)
 4,389 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For the period 1980-1988 a total of 5363 patients have been operated at the surgical clinics in the town of Pazardzhik. Early adhesive ileus developed in 13 (0.2 per cent). Intestinal obstruction occurred most frequently after destructive appendicitis (84,6 per cent). In 53.8 per cent of the patients it occurred during the first week after the operation. Conservative treatment was effective in only 2 patients. The other 11 were operated. The case fatality rate was 9.09 per cent. Acute appendicitis usually requires operative treatment both in children and in adults. It keeps on being one of the most important problems of modern surgery, agitating the surgeons all over the world. Appendicitis is called an insidious disease, not only because of the manifold clinical picture, but also because it has a leading position among the causes of the grave surgical complication peritonitis and occupies first place as cause of the severe pathology in the peritoneal cavity--the adhesive disease. Early intestinal obstruction is one of the severe complications following appendicectomy. According to available data in the literature, its incidence is between 0.06 and 0.8 per cent. Most authors consider intestinal obstruction as being early, when developing within three weeks after the operation.
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PMID:[Early adhesive ileus after appendicectomy]. 210 7

Treating ectopic pregnancy with laparoscopy requires special training, but it results in decreased morbidity, discomfort, and pain; reduced recuperative time; and lower cost to the patient and hospital. Many conditions mimic ectopic pregnancy. Therefore, to make the diagnosis, a complete history must be taken, a careful physical examination must be performed, and certain diagnostic tests must be made. Contraindications include bowel obstruction, ileus, abdominal hernia, peritonitis, brisk intraperitoneal bleeding, diaphragmatic hernia, severe cardiac disease, extremes of body weight, previous surgery, or presence of a large abdominal mass.
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PMID:Pelviscopy for ectopic pregnancy: a safer and quicker alternative. 214 37

One hundred nine men and 71 women with a mean age of 31 years had construction of 164 S, 2 J, and 14 other ileoanal reservoirs. Postoperative gastrointestinal complications included small bowel obstruction in 11 percent and ileus, hemorrhage, and sepsis in 6 percent, 5 percent, and 11 percent, respectively. There was a 13 percent incidence of miscellaneous postoperative complications. Pouch perianal fistulas developed in 5 percent of patients, and pouch vaginal and other pouch fistulas developed in an additional 4 percent. During long-term follow-up, small bowel obstruction developed in 27 percent of patients, and enterolysis or enterectomy was required in 15 percent of patients. One hundred fourteen patients who were followed for a mean length of 5 years after ileostomy closure (range 16 to 88 months) were evaluated for functional outcome. Function improved with time in 63 percent of patients and remained stable in another 33 percent; only 4 percent had long-term deterioration. Ninety-five percent of patients would again choose an ileoanal reservoir over a permanent ileostomy. This long-term assessment shows that although the ileoanal reservoir is a viable option in the management of mucosal ulcerative colitis, it should not be recommended to every patient.
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PMID:The ileoanal reservoir. 215 8

A case of gallstone ileus in a patient with carcinoma of the ovary is presented. A 78-year-old female with stage III carcinoma of the ovary underwent optimal debulking surgery followed by six courses of chemotherapy and a microscopically positive second-look laparotomy. She was treated by whole-abdomen pelvic radiation. She then developed progressive nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, and eventually complete small bowel obstruction. The diagnosis of gallstone ileus was made preoperatively based on the radiological findings. The pathophysiology of gallstone ileus is discussed in the differential diagnosis of patients treated for carcinoma of the ovary.
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PMID:Gallstone ileus masquerading as recurrent carcinoma of the ovary. 222 79

We report a case of gall stone ileus in which only small bowel obstruction was seen on the conventional abdominal film and the diagnosis was made by computed tomography (CT). With the availability of CT and its increasing use in the investigation of the acute abdomen, CT examination will occasionally be performed on gall stone ileus patients. Awareness of the CT findings in gall stone ileus will result in early diagnosis leading to a reduction in the mortality rate.
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PMID:CT diagnosis of gall stone ileus. 226 Dec 98

Clinical findings and radiographic studies are the most valuable tools in differential diagnosis of intestinal obstruction. Treatment depends on the type of obstruction. Functional ileus does not require surgery, but mechanical obstruction usually does. Ischemic obstruction demands urgent surgery to prevent or remove gangrene. Even when intestinal obstruction seems to be nonmechanical and uncomplicated, repeated follow-up observation is necessary. Functional ileus may transform to mechanical obstruction.
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PMID:Intestinal obstruction. Its serious nature and numerous pitfalls. 233 19

A study of 406 consecutive children operated upon for appendicitis from July 1982 to July 1987 was compared with a previously published study of 657 children with the same diagnosis operated upon between 1972 and 1982. This was done to determine if the methods of therapy continue to yield low complication rates and zero mortality rates. The routine use of antibiotic coverage for both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in perforated appendicitis resulted in low complication rates, 3.2 per cent for major and 2.5 per cent for minor complications. Major complications included small intestinal obstruction and intra-abdominal abscess. Minor complications included wound infection and prolonged ileus. These rates are similar to those of the first investigation. The mortality rate continued to be zero. Complete peritoneal lavage was used in patients with generalized peritonitis or extensive localized peritonitis. Operative lysis of adhesions for small intestinal obstruction was required in four of these patients. This did not occur in patients with perforated appendicitis with abscess formation or more localized peritonitis who had no lavage. The technique rather than the disease process may be responsible for the complication.
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PMID:Appendicitis in children. 234 68

An analysis of 104 cases of gallstone ileus in 102 patients is presented. Biliary stones reach the intestinal tract through a biliodigestive fistula in 80-85% and on natural way in 15-20%. Clinical symptoms depend on mechanism of obstruction. It shows 3 forms of course: peritonitical form (20%), remittent form (30%) and typical intestinal obturation (50%). Roentgenological findings show aerobilia in 36%, dystope radiopaque stones in 8% and signs of obstruction in 97% of investigations. The main concern in gallstone ileus should be to relieve the intestinal obstruction and not cholelithiasis. The mortality rate declined during reported time from 40-50% to 25%.
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PMID:[Gallstone ileus. A report of 104 cases]. 236 72

Sixty of 127 prednisone-dependent patients with ulcerative colitis who underwent colectomy and endorectal ileal pull-through with ileal reservoir and subsequent laparotomy with ileostomy closure (254 operations) during a 4-year period developed 95 episodes of intestinal obstruction during the early post-operative period. Acute ileus due to steroid withdrawal caused symptoms of intestinal obstruction in 43 patients (76 episodes), whereas true mechanical small-bowel obstruction occurred in only 17 patients (19 episodes). Symptoms of both conditions were similar; however, hypoactive bowel sounds, acute onset of emotional depression, no evidence of obstruction on radiologic contrast stomatogram or enema, and prompt relief of symptoms within 4 hours after intravenous administration of hydrocortisone acetate distinguished acute steroid withdrawal. Since ileus from acute steroid withdrawal occurred four times as frequently as mechanical small-bowel obstruction, prompt recognition and treatment should appreciably reduce postoperative morbidity and hospital costs.
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PMID:Acute ileus from steroid withdrawal simulating intestinal obstruction after surgery for ulcerative colitis. 236 17

A retrospective review was performed to determine the usefulness of plain abdominal radiographs in patients presenting to the emergency department with gallbladder disease. Patients with the clinical diagnosis of biliary tract disease were divided into two groups: those with confirmed biliary tract disease and those who did not have gall bladder disease. There were no major radiologic findings (pneumoperitoneum, pneumobilia, or bowel obstruction) in any patient with biliary tract disease. No significant difference was noted in the incidence of minor radiologic findings (right upper quadrant calcification, mild ileus and right basilar atelectasis) in patients with biliary colic and acute cholecystitis. Additionally, there was no significant difference in minor findings between patients with biliary tract and nonbiliary tract disease. Plain abdominal radiographic findings were found to be nonspecific in patients with gallbladder disease and not useful in differentiating between patients with biliary colic and acute cholecystitis. Our results also suggest that plain abdominal radiographic findings are not useful in differentiating between patients with and without biliary tract disease, although the selection of patients without biliary tract disease may have biased this finding.
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PMID:Efficacy of plain abdominal radiography in patients with biliary tract disease. 237 35


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