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Query: UMLS:C1140680 (ovarian cancer)
 28,141 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A phase III study of DWA2114R for ovarian cancer was carried out in CAP regimen by a cooperative study group consisting of 42 institutions. The response rate of 31 cases for DWA2114R regimen was 38.7% and out of 30 cases for CDDP regimen 46.7%. No significant differences were observed between the two regimens in efficacy, adverse reactions, and abnormalities in laboratory findings except for red blood cell and creatinine clearance, but the incidence of thrombocytopenia was likely to be lower in DWA2114R than in CDDP regimen. Since the DWA2114R regimen did not need hydration, or require diuretics, DWA2114R is more useful in the treatment of ovarian cancer than cisplatin.
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PMID:[Phase III study of DWA2114R for ovarian cancer]. 150 82

The lack of decisive progress in ovarian cancer chemotherapy in recent years led the ARTAC "Ovary" group to initiate a study based on the hypothesis of collateral sensitivities. In this phase I-II trial, NHO-88, the V-H combination (associating vinorelbine (VNB) and hexamethylmelamine (HMM) was studied in patients with advanced ovarian adenocarcinomas, most of which had become resistant to previous chemotherapy. The aim of the study was to find an active combination without complete cross resistance with first-line platinum salt based combinations, such as CAP, FAP or CACb-300. A pilot feasibility study was first carried out to determine the maximum tolerated weekly dose (MTWD) of VNB (20 mg/m2/week), HMM being administered per os on days 1-14 of every 28-day cycle at a standard dose of 250 mg/m2/day. An open phase II-A study was further carried out according to a 2-step sequential analysis method for phase II clinical trials. We observed: 1), a good tolerance of the V-H combination apart from frequent neutropenia; 2), a response rate of 35% (95% confidence interval: 23-47%); 3), a median response duration of 4 months (range: 1-7 months); 4), in some cases, the absence of a complete cross-resistance between the V-H regimen and the previously administered platinum-based combinations. These results, which are currently being validated (phase II-B ongoing), constitute the first step in the search for active systems of sequential or alternate chemotherapeutic regimens for the treatment of advanced carcinomas.
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PMID:[Study of vinorelbine (V) combined with hexamethylmelamine (H) (combination V-H) in adenocarcinoma of the ovary: results a phase I-IIA trial, NHO-88, of ARTAC "ovarian" group]. 178 25

A 54-year-old woman with cerebellar metastasis from ovarian adenocarcinoma was reported. Two years before admission, she underwent 7 courses of CAP therapy (cisplatin, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide) for ovarian cancer. On admission, no extracranial tumor was noticed. After the removal of a cerebellar tumor, she was treated by combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and etoposide. Her serum level of CA-125, which was still high after surgery, decreased to the normal level following chemotherapy. Chemotherapy was repeated six times, and no recurrence was noticed 1 year after surgery. Combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and etoposide was considered effective in the treatment of intracranial metastasis from ovarian cancer.
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PMID:[Combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and etoposide for cerebellar metastasis from ovarian adenocarcinoma]. 189 20

The efficacy and toxicity of a combination of carboplatin and cyclophosphamide (CC) were studied in a group of 76 patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared with a historical group of 68 patients treated with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin and cisplatin (CAP-5). Subjective toxicity was compared by measurement of TWIST, the Time Without Symptoms of Treatment or Disease. Of 75 evaluable patients treated with CC, 18 (24%) had a pathologically complete remission (pCR), and 31 (41%) a partial remission (PR). CC led to grade 3 leukopenia in 38% and grade 4 in 3% of 421 treatment cycles. Thrombocytopenia grade 3 was seen after 7% and grade 4 after 2% of cycles. Treatment delay occurred in 11.5% and dose reduction in 21% of cycles. Nephro- or neurotoxicity did not occur. After a median followup of 18 months, the median PFS was greater than or equal to 22 and the OS was greater than or equal to 25 months. Median duration of TWIST was greater than or equal to 22 versus greater than or equal to 10 months after CAP-5 (p less than 0.01). Compared with historical controls, treatment with CC is equivalent to CAP-5. It is free of nephro- and neurotoxicity, but is more myelosuppressive. Quality of life, measured by TWIST, is significantly better during CC. Owing to its equivalent efficacy with lower subjective toxicity, carboplatin should replace cisplatin in treating patients with advanced ovarian cancer.
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PMID:[Carboplatin in the treatment of ovarian carcinoma; as effective and less toxic in comparison with cisplatin]. 194 71

By means of a newly developed in vitro chemosensitivity test based on the morphological changes in the nucleus (nuclear damage assay) as previously described, we were able to screen currently available anticancer drugs within 24 hr with a 100% success rate. The nuclear damage assay was used to determine the chemosensitivity in 50 patients (66 assays) with ovarian cancer. The response rate for the 13 patients with measurable tumors, 8 of whom showed resistance to CAP (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and cisplatin) therapy, was 46 percent when they were given various combination chemotherapy protocols consisting of more than one active agent selected from group A and B agents by the nuclear damage assay. The newly developed in vitro chemosensitivity test proved to be useful when selecting a second line combination for patients with CAP-resistant ovarian cancer.
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PMID:[Result of individualized chemotherapy with a newly developed in vitro chemosensitivity testing in ovarian cancer]. 195 84

Seventy-two patients with advanced ovarian cancer received CAP chemotherapy followed by laparotomy and 'second-effort' surgery. The overall response to CAP therapy was 80%. A complete pathological response (CPR) was obtained in 16 patients and partial microscopic (PMiR) and macroscopic responses in 7 and 33 cases, respectively. The actuarial survival for the entire group was 36% at 50 months with a median survival of 34 months. No significant differences in survival between the CPR and PMiR groups were found. Radical second-effort surgery showed a somewhat beneficial effect. The tumor size before chemotherapy (less than 5 cm) and FIGO stage III had a significantly favorable effect on response rate and survival.
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PMID:Chemotherapy (CAP) for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer and second-effort surgery in the second look. 198 1

With a newly developed in vitro chemosensitivity test based on the morphological changes of nuclear damage (nuclear damage assay) described here, we were able to screen currently available anticancer drugs within 24 hr with a 100% success rate. In preclinical chemotherapy using four human ovarian epithelial tumor cell lines and their xenografts in nude mice, the in vitro/in vivo response (sensitive/sensitive and resistant/resistant) rate was 94%. The nuclear damage assay was used to determine the chemosensitivity in 49 patients (60 assays) with ovarian cancer. The response rate of the 13 patients with measurable tumors, 9 of whom showed resistance to CAP (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and cisplatin) therapy, was 46% when the patients were given various combination chemotherapy protocols consisting of more than one active agent selected from group A and B agents by the nuclear damage assay. The newly developed in vitro chemosensitivity test proved to be useful when selecting a second-line combination chemotherapy for patients with CAP-resistant ovarian cancer.
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PMID:A newly developed in vitro chemosensitivity test (nuclear damage assay): application to ovarian cancer. 201 Jan 5

The possible advantage of adding cisplatin (P) to cyclophosphamide (C) + adriamycin (A) in the management of stages III and IV ovarian cancer of epithelial origin was tested in a trial in which 149 patients were randomized to receive, after initial surgery, either CAP (C = 600 mg/sqm, A = 45 mg/sqm, P = 50 mg/sqm) or CA (C = 600 mg/sqm, A = 45 mg/sqm) every 4 weeks for 6 to 12 cycles, at which time follow-up laparotomoy was to be performed in responding or clinically disease-free patients. Fifteen patients were not included in the final analysis and the remaining 134 patients were considered fully or partially evaluable and are used in analysis of response and survival. The complete and partial response rates were 45.6% in the CAP arm and 45.4% in the CA arm, but the CAP regimen is of special importance in patients with bulky disease. Median survival CAP = 24 m and CA = 24.2 m), time to progression and survival was found not significantly different when CAP and CA were compared. However, more patients in the CA regimen had no macroscopic disease left after surgery than in CAP regimen (11 versus 6) and more patients in the CAP arm dose reductions and schedule delays than in the CA arm (61.1% versus 38.2%).
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PMID:Randomized comparison of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and cisplatin (CAP) versus cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin (CA) for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer (ADOVCA). A EORTC Gynecological Cancer Cooperative Group Study. 209 49

To evaluate the contribution of hexamethylmelamine (HMM) to the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer with combination chemotherapy, we compared the results of treatment with HMM, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (H-CAP regimen) to treatment results using cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (CAP regimen). The treatment regimens were identical in dosage and schedule with the exception of the addition of HMM to one regimen. Fifty-five patients treated with H-CAP at Vanderbilt University Hospital between August 1977 and March 1980 were compared with a subsequent group of 22 patients who received CAP between October 1984 and October 1987. Following six months of therapy, patients were restaged either with second-look laparotomy or with clinical restaging. Fifty-three of 55 patients (96%) had objective responses to H-CAP compared with 14 of 21 patients (67%) treated with CAP (p = 0.001). The pathologic complete response rate was also higher in the patients who received H-CAP (35% versus 19%). The median survival of patients receiving H-CAP is 47 months compared to 21 months for the CAP patients. When patients with limited residual disease (maximum tumor diameter less than or equal to 3 cm) were compared, the median survival also favored the H-CAP treatment (101 months versus 21 months, p = 0.002). The median time to progression was also greater in patients receiving H-CAP versus those receiving CAP (67 months versus 16 months, p = 0.045). Treatment-related toxicity did not differ substantially between the two regimens. Our findings suggest that the addition of HMM to CAP chemotherapy prolongs the median survival in patients with ovarian cancer and limited residual disease following cytoreductive surgery.
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PMID:The role of hexamethylmelamine in the combination chemotherapy of advanced ovarian cancer: a comparison of hexamethylmelamine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (H-CAP) versus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (CAP). 212 Oct 19

Both the efficacy and toxicity of short intensive cisplatin-based chemotherapy was established in an unselected group of patients with stage III-IV ovarian cancer. The impact of this treatment on quality of life (QOL) was assessed by the TWIST index, expressed as Time Without Symptoms of Treatment and Disease, in relation to the individual length of progression free survival (PFS). Sixty-eight patients were treated with six cycles of a combination of cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin and cisplatin (CAP-5), every 4 weeks. Patients with a clinical response to treatment were evaluated by second look laparotomy (SLL), which could be performed in 52 patients. There were 20 pathological CR, seven microscopic disease, 17 PR and eight SD in these 52 patients. Median follow up at evaluation was 22 months. The median progression free survival (PFS) was 18 months and the median overall survival 22 months. The median duration of TWIST was 10 months, indicating that about 8 months were lost to symptoms due to treatment or hospital admissions for chemotherapy or laparotomy. Of 45 patients receiving six cycles, only eight patients had no symptoms of peripheral neuropathy, and four patients were free of nephropathy at the end of treatment. The overall survival for this limited duration of treatment is similar to that after more protracted treatment. Despite its limited duration, however, about 28% of the cumulative period of progression free survival is consumed by the treatment and its side-effects. Correction of PFS by TWIST may be a suitable instrument to compare the impact of different cytotoxic schedules on quality of life.
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PMID:Risks and benefits of cisplatin in ovarian cancer. A quality-adjusted survival analysis. 214 92


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