Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1140680 (ovarian cancer)
 28,141 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Monoclonal antibodies (moABs) MA54 and MA61, directed toward the O-linked mucin-type glycoprotein, have been established and showed highly specific reactivity with human ovarian cancer. Fetal intestinal and colonic mucosal cells expressed this antigen and meconium staining was also frequently positive. To investigate the characteristic of an epitopic carbohydrate recognized by these moABs, the reactivity of each moAB with meconium extract was monitored by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with mono-, di-, and oligosaccharides. MA54 and MA61 react with meconium extract and the reactivities of these moABs are neuraminidase sensitive. Ovine submaxillary mucin had a strong inhibitory activity toward the reaction between meconium extract and MA54 as well as MA61, suggesting that these moABs recognize NeuAc 2-6GalNAc epitope in meconium. The second aim of this study is to investigate the possible application of moABs to diagnose ovarian cancer and to compare these levels with those of the CA125 antigen. While serum CA54/61 antigen levels were elevated in 44.4% of ovarian cancer cases and serum CA125 antigen levels were elevated in 86.7% of the same population, the use of both assays indicated a sensitivity of detection of 97.8% (44 of 45 patients) in the population studied.
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PMID:Characterization and clinical evaluation of tumor-associated antigen CA54/61 identified by monoclonal antibodies MA54 and MA61 in epithelial ovarian cancer. 147 46

1. Two monoclonal antibodies, MA54 and MA61, were established by immunizing with culture medium supernatants of a lung adenocarcinoma cell line, and a double determinants sandwich enzyme immunoassay system (MKS-15) was developed by using these two monoclonal antibodies. The antigen recognized by this assay (CA54/61) was found in the sera of 54% of all ovarian cancer cases and 55% of mucinous cystoadenocarcinoma cases, but in 4% of benign ovarian cystoadenoma cases: 85% of ovarian cancers were positive by the combination assay of MA 54/61 and CA125, indicating the clinical usefulness of CA54/61. 2. Galactosyl transferase isozyme II (GT-II) was assayed by a newly developed system, and it was found that 74% of ovarian cancers were positive and the value GT-II was very high in 6 of 9 mesonephroid cases, indicating its histological type specificity. 3. Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) was assayed by two kinds of newly developed EIA kits, and it was found that PLAP was high in more than 50% of serous cystoadenocarcinomas, but in 7% of benign ovarian tumors, indicating its cancer specificities.
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PMID:[The usefulness and limitation of sugar antigen in ovarian cancers--with special reference to a new tumor marker, CA54/61]. 249 63

The clinical usefulness of a newly developed one-step enzyme-immunoassay, MKS-15, in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer was evaluated with 1,563 serum samples collected at five institutes. In this assay, two monoclonal antibodies, MA54 and MA61, which both recognize the carbohydrate chain in a high molecular weight mucin-type glycoprotein, were used as the immobilized antibody on beads and peroxidase-labeled antibody, respectively. When the cut-off value was set at 20 IU/ml (mean + 3SD), 56% of the sera from ovarian cancer patients were positive, and the positive rates for serous, mucinous, mesonephroid, endometrioid, undifferentiated, and metastatic cancers were 63%, 55%, 52%, 38%, 55%, and 62%, respectively. In sera from patients with benign ovarian tumors, only 4% of the cases were positive, but 7% of benign and low potential malignant cases of mucinous cystadenoma were positive, indicating that CA54/61 cannot distinguish benign mucinous cystadenoma from malignant ones. Since the positive rate for CA125 is rather low in mucinous cyst-adenocarcinoma, CA54/61 may be of clinical value.
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PMID:[The evaluation of CA54/61 in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer--with special reference to the cooperative results of 5 institutes]. 268 9

To determine whether measurement of the levels of multiple tumor markers in the preoperative serum of women presenting with a pelvic mass distinguished benign from malignant disease better than the assay of CA 125 alone, sera from 429 patients, 192 of whom had malignant histology, were assayed for 8 different markers: CA 125, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, OVX1, lipid-associated sialic acid (LASA), CA15-3, CA72-4, CA19-9, and CA54/61. The sensitivity and specificity of CA 125 alone (> 35 U/ml) was 78.1 and 76.8%, respectively. A panel consisting of CA 125, OVX1, LASA, CA15-3, and CA72-4 had a sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity of 84.0% when two or more markers were elevated. Using the concentrations of these five markers, logistic regression analysis had a sensitivity of 85.4% and a specificity of 83.1%. Considering the values of markers in different sequences, classification and regression tree analysis substantially improved the sensitivity to 90.6% and the specificity to 93.2%. When applied in clinical practice this approach could improve the management of women presenting with a pelvic mass and may also have application in screening for ovarian cancer.
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PMID:Combinations of multiple serum markers are superior to individual assays for discriminating malignant from benign pelvic masses. 755 95

Examination of tumor markers (CAMPAS) at the second screening in our mass-screening for ovarian cancer was evaluated. CAMPAS has been performed in 866 women with enlarged ovaries over 30mm in size among 20,242 who received the first screening by transvaginal ultrasonography. In those with semi-malignant and malignant ovarian tumor (ovarian cancer), their serum levels of CA125, CEA, CA19-9, AFP and L-LDH were also measured (Combination Assay) and CA125, CEA, CA19-9, AFP, CA602, CA54 and CA61 antigens in removed tumor tissues were studied by immunoperoxidase staining (Tumor Assay). The results were as follows: 1) Ten of the 866 women were positive for CAMPAS, however, only one of them was found to have ovarian cancer. 2) Of the 20,242 women, six were found to have ovarian cancer: all in stage I and all detected among these 866 women. 3) Of the 6 women with ovarian cancer, three had high serum levels in the Combination Assay, and 4 had positive finding in the Tumor Assay, but of the 4 women with a positive Tumor Assay, one had different kinds of tumor markers in serum and one did not have a high serum level. Thus, CAMPAS was not useful as the second screening method in our mass-screening system for ovarian cancer.
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PMID:[Mass-screening for ovarian cancer by transvaginal ultrasonography--study on tumor markers at the second screening]. 784 43

Serum samples from patients with benign or malignant diseases were measured for the newly developed tumor markers CA54/61 and CA602 with the respective EIA kits for assessment of their utility as tumor markers. A total of 5236 patients were entered into the study, consisting of ovarian cancer patients, those with other cancers, pregnant women, and healthy volunteers. The CA54/61-positive rate with a cut-off value of 12 U/ml was 61.2% for ovarian cancers (50.4% with a cut-off value of 20 U/ml). A positive rate of 75.0% (64.4%) was achieved for mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, which was high, compared with that for CA125. On the other hand, the false-positive rate was 12.2%(5.9%) for benign ovarian tumors, and as low as 18.5%(8.7%) for endometriosis. The CA602-positive rate with a cut-off value of 63 U/ml was as high as 76.0% for ovarian cancers (69.8% with a cut-off value of 90 U/ml). On the other hand, the false-positive rate was relatively high at 21.9% (12.6%) for benign ovarian tumors, and 56.7% (40.0%) for endometriosis. These positive rates were therefore similar to those for CA 125. The levels of both CA54/61 and CA602 antigens well reflected the postoperative prognosis. These results suggest the utility of CA54/61 and CA 602 as tumor markers of ovarian cancers.
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PMID:[Studies on clinical usefulness of new tumor markers of ovarian cancer, CA54/61 and CA602--III. Measurement of serum samples from patients with various benign or malignant diseases]. 818 40

Galactosyltransferase Associated with Tumor (GAT) was clinically studied in cases of ovarian cancer. When two cut-off levels of GAT were compared, the cut-off level of 16 U/ml (which corresponds to mean + 2SD among healthy females) was found to be more suitable than the cut-off level of 14 U/ml (the level maximizing the diagnostic efficiency between malignant and benign ovarian tumors). When the GAT positive rate was examined for gynecologic tumors, the rate was 5.7% for benign ovarian cyst, 6.6% for endometriosis, 20.5% for cervical cancer, 19.5% for endometrial cancer, and 52.9% for ovarian cancer. The GAT positive rate for different histologic types of ovarian carcinoma was relatively high for each type, e.g., 55.0% for clear cell adenocarcinoma and 66.7% for endometrioid adenocarcinoma. The GAT positive rate increased gradually with the stage of ovarian cancer. In patients with benign diseases, in particular endometriosis, the GAT positive rate was lower than the positive rate with any other simultaneously determined marker (CA602, CA125, CA54/61, CA72-4, STN, and SLX). The GAT level most weakly correlated with the level of any of the other markers assessed. An assay combining GAT with CA602 or CA54/61 resulted in a higher positive rate and a higher diagnostic efficiency, when compared with the assay for GAT alone. The lower positive rate of GAT in endometriosis, when compared with the positive rate of other markers, suggests the usefulness of GAT in distinguishing malignant ovarian tumors from benign ovarian tumors. The use of GAT in a combination assay is expected to overcome the disadvantages of CA602 or CA125.
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PMID:[Preclinical and clinical studies on a tumor marker, galactosyltransferase associated with tumor (GAT), in ovarian cancer (second report)--clinical significance of GAT and comparison with other tumor markers]. 843 67

Monoclonal antibodies (moABs) MA54 and MA61 directed to the O-linked NeuAc alpha 2-6GalNAc epitope were generated by immunization with culture supernatants of lung adenocarcinoma cells. We have examined the correlation between the prognosis of patients (overall survival and progression-free survival) and circulating serum levels of CA54/61 antigen by comparison with CA125 in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Circulating serum CA54/61 antigen levels were determined by sandwich enzyme immunoassay kits. Serum antigen levels were elevated in 44.4% of the patients. Survival at 3 years for ovarian cancer patients with CA54/61-negative (serum CA54/61 levels < 15.2 U/ml) versus CA54/61-positive (CA54/61 > or = 15.2 U/ml) tumors was 64% versus 25% (P < 0.05). In contrast, there is no significant difference in the prognosis of patients based upon positive or negative CA125 antigen values (51% vs 67%). The overall survival rate was worse in patients with CA54/61-positive sera, indicating that positive CA54/61 levels in serum is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in ovarian cancer. In addition, CA54/61 status has been shown to be associated with early relapse of this malignancy.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies MA54 and MA61 as potential reagents in the prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer. 848 65