Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1140680 (ovarian cancer)
 28,141 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-nine patients with advanced solid tumors, including 28 with ovarian cancer, were entered in a phase I-II trial of a new platinum analog, JM9. Twenty-three patients had received prior chemotherapy which did not include cisplatin. Based on preliminary information from an ongoing study, our starting dose was 180 mg/m2. The total dose of JM9 was administered in 1 L of saline infused over 1 hour, with no additional hydration or electrolyte supplementation. Courses were repeated at 3-week intervals or after full recovery from thrombocytopenia. One hundred thirty-nine courses (range, one to six per patient) were administered at four dose levels: 180 mg/m2 (13 courses); 240 mg/m2 (64 courses); 300 mg/m2 (45 courses); and 350 mg/m2 (17 courses). The dose-limiting toxic effect was thrombocytopenia, which was dose-related and cumulative. Median platelet count nadirs were 50, 47, 25, and 28 X 10(9)/L for previously treated patients at dose levels of 180, 240, 300, and 350 mg/m2, respectively. For patients who had not received prior chemotherapy, the corresponding values were 403, 61, 44, and 36 X 10(9)/L. The nadir was predictable at Day 14 with recovery by Day 21 in earlier courses, but with delay of recovery to Days 28-42 in later courses and at higher dose levels. Twenty-five courses of chemotherapy in 15 patients were associated with a platelet count nadir of less than 20 X 10(9)/L, but despite this, serious hemorrhage was rare. Leukopenia was dose-related and mild; the median wbc count (X 10(9)/L) was 2.2 (range, 1.0-7.3) at the highest dose level of 350 mg/m2. The leukocyte count nadir was later than that for the platelet count (Days 21-28), and recovery was often not complete by the time of retreatment. All patients showed a progressive rise in mean corpuscular volume in successive courses, often accompanied by a fall in hemoglobin. Transfusions were required in 14 patients, 12 of whom had received prior chemotherapy. Nausea and vomiting, starting within 1 hour of drug administration, occurred in all patients, but appeared to be less severe and prolonged compared to that occurring with cisplatin. Diarrhea occurred in most patients at the two higher dose levels. There was no evidence of significant renal impairment, electrolyte disturbance, hearing loss, or peripheral neuropathy. Two patients had mild allergic reactions shortly after drug infusion and two others developed vasculitic rashes which were self-limiting.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Activity of JM9 in advanced ovarian cancer: a phase I-II trial. 399 11

Linear analogue self-assessment (LASA) scales were used to measure general well-being and specific factors (mood, pain, nausea and vomiting, appetite, breathlessness, physical activity) in patients receiving therapy for malignant melanoma, small cell bronchogenic carcinoma (SCBC) or ovarian cancer. Among the patients with SCBC and melanoma, high correlations were observed between LASA scores for general well-being, mood and appetite. There was a significant relationship between performance status and LASA scores for general well-being, pain and appetite. Among patients with ovarian cancer, there was a significant association between performance status and LASA scores for general well-being, breathlessness and physical activity. Objective response category was related to change in LASA scores for pain. Changes in LASA scores during treatment reflected increased morbidity during radiotherapy in patients also receiving chemotherapy for SCBC. The LASA technique provides a convenient method for the assessment of quality of life in patients receiving cancer therapy, and potentially allows comparison of patient perception of treatment-related morbidities.
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PMID:On the receiving end--II. Linear analogue self-assessment (LASA) in evaluation of aspects of the quality of life of cancer patients receiving therapy. 631 45

Carboplatin (CBDCA; NSC 241240) is a second-generation platinum coordination compound which in preclinical testing was found to be less nephrotoxic and emetogenic than cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP), while retaining a broad spectrum of antitumor activity. We have conducted a Phase I trial of CBDCA in 38 patients with advanced carcinoma. The drug was given without hydration as a 24-hr constant i.v. infusion on Day 1 of a 28-day cycle. Seventy-five cycles of CBDCA were administered in eight dose levels ranging from 20 to 320 mg/sq m. Dose-limiting toxicity was myelosuppression, primarily thrombocytopenia, occurring between Days 14 and 28 of the cycle. Myelosuppression was first observed at a dose of 240 mg/sq m and became dose-limiting at 320 mg/sq m, which is the recommended dose for Phase II trial. Other toxicities included nausea and vomiting and reversible renal failure seen in two patients with low normal pretreatment creatinine clearances. No consistent changes were seen on serial audiograms. Plasma concentrations of total and ultrafilterable platinum were measured by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Following cessation of the infusion, a half-life of 170 +/- 34 min (S.D.) was found for CBDCA-derived ultrafilterable platinum. In vitro clonogenic assay of a CDDP-sensitive human ovarian cancer cell line using clinically achievable drug concentrations suggests that prolonged infusions of CBDCA may be more cytotoxic than bolus administration. In this study, minimal responses were seen in two patients with ovarian carcinoma who had failed previous combination chemotherapy including CDDP. In addition, three patients with refractory metastatic breast cancer responded to CBDCA (two minimal responses and one partial response) with remission durations averaging 3 months. CBDCA behaves as predicted by preclinical studies with different toxicities from CDDP and apparent activity in breast cancer.
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PMID:A phase I and pharmacokinetic study of diamminecyclobutane-dicarboxylatoplatinum (NSC 241240). 634 73

The use of cisplatin may be associated with severe nausea and vomiting. Two separate, randomized, double-blind trials, comparing the anti-emetic effect of chlorpromazine with placebo and chlorpromazine with droperidol, were conducted in patients receiving cisplatin for ovarian cancer. Chlorpromazine was statistically superior to placebo in the control of nausea and vomiting in those patients treated with chlorpromazine had significantly less nausea than with droperidol, but there were no other significant differences between chlorpromazine and droperidol. Toxicities of chlorpromazine and droperidol were similar. Chlorpromazine shows useful activity against cisplatin nausea and vomiting.
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PMID:Chlorpromazine, placebo and droperidol in the treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with cisplatin therapy. 635 96

A phase II study of ip 5-FU was performed in 14 patients with ovarian cancer who were refractory to systemic chemotherapy including prior iv 5-FU in 12 of the patients. 5-FU was administered via a semipermanent Tenckhoff peritoneal dialysis catheter. The starting concentration of 5-FU in the dialysate was 4 mM. The patients received eight consecutive 2-L exchanges, each of 4-hour duration, for a total of 36 hours including time for instillation and drainage. Treatment courses were repeated every 2 weeks for six cycles or until disease progression occurred. A total of 69 cycles of ip 5-FU were administered to 14 patients. There was one complete response to therapy documented by second-look laparotomy. While the response rate was only 7%, in seven of eight (88%) patients with small volume disease (tumor masses less than 2.0 cm in diameter), there was no evidence for disease progression while receiving ip 5-FU therapy. In this phase II trial, the major toxic effect of ip 5-FU was abdominal pain. While there were no cases of documented bacterial peritonitis, all of the patients experienced some degree of abdominal discomfort while receiving therapy. Fifty percent of the patients had severe abdominal pain with at least one cycle of therapy. Other toxic effects included myelosuppression, mucositis, nausea and vomiting, and skin rash. The results of this study indicate that ip 5-FU should be further evaluated in patients with ovarian cancer who have a small volume of disease and who have not had prior therapy with 5-FU.
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PMID:Phase II trial of 5-FU administered Ip to patients with refractory ovarian cancer. 652 96

Thirty-one patients with refractory ovarian cancer and other malignancies principally confined to the abdominal cavity were treated with an intraperitoneal combination-chemotherapy regimen consisting of cisplatin (100 to 200 mg/m2), cytosine arabinoside (10(-4) to 10(-3) mol/L) and doxorubicin (2 to 18 mumol/L). Sodium thiosulfate was simultaneously administered intravenously to prevent cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Eight of 26 evaluable patients demonstrated clinical response including seven of 17 (41%) with ovarian cancer refractory to frontline chemotherapy. Systemic toxicity was mild except for nausea and vomiting. Abdominal pain secondary to doxorubicin was the major complication of therapy. We conclude that combination intraperitoneal therapy with cisplatin, cytosine arabinoside, and doxorubicin can be safely administered with objective tumor responses observed in patients with ovarian cancer heavily pretreated and in individuals with other malignancies involving the peritoneal cavity. Doxorubicin-induced local pain limits the ability to administer multiple courses of this treatment regimen.
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PMID:Combination intraperitoneal chemotherapy with cisplatin, cytarabine, and doxorubicin for refractory ovarian carcinoma and other malignancies principally confined to the peritoneal cavity. 654 84

Sixty-six patients with advanced solid tumors were treated with 4'-epi-doxorubicin at a dose of 90 mg/m2 by rapid IV injection every 21 days until the disease had progressed or to a maximum cumulative dose of 540 mg/m2. Myelosuppression, nausea and vomiting, and alopecia were the almost frequent side effects, but their incidence seemed lower than that after a comparable dosage of doxorubicin. After a cumulative dose of 540 mg/m2 a significant decrease of QRS complex deflection on the electrocardiogram was detected, but no case of congestive heart failure was observed. Partial remission and minor remission were achieved, respectively, in nine (15%) and five (9%) out of 59 evaluable patients for a median duration of 6 months. Partial remission occurred in anthracycline-sensitive tumors like breast cancer (4 of 13), lung cancer (1 of 17), head and neck cancer (1 of 8), gastric cancer (2 of 4), and ovarian cancer (1 of 1).
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PMID:A phase-II clinical trial of 4'-epi-doxorubicin in advanced solid tumors. 658 36

A phase II clinical trial of a new anthracycline, 4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP-ADM), was performed in thirty-one patients with advanced malignant tumors refractory to standard chemotherapies. The dosage of THP-ADM was 40 mg/m2 by iv bolus injection repeated every 3 weeks. Of 3 evaluable patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, one achieved partial remission. A minor response was noted in one out of 7 patients with gastric cancer and one out of 5 patients with ovarian cancer. Leukopenia less than 4 X 10(3)/cmm and thrombocytopenia less than 100 X 10(3)/cmm were seen in 81% and 19% of cases, respectively. Mild gastrointestinal toxicities including nausea and vomiting and anorexia were observed in about one third of the patients. Mild hair loss occurred in 2 patients (6%). No ECG abnormalities on clinical sign of cardiotoxicity were seen.
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PMID:[Phase II study of 4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin(THP-ADM)]. 669 55

Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) was administered to 20 patients with histologically proven ovarian cancer. Ten of 20 patients were evaluable. They consisted of 1 patient by single use and 9 by combined use. The dose of cisplatin in single administration was 50 mg/m2, and the schedule for combined administration was as follows: cisplatin (50mg/m2, i.v. day 1), adriamycin (40 mg/m2, i.v. day 1), cyclophosphamide (350 mg/m2, i.v. day 1) and 5-FU (350 mg/m2, i.v. day 1-5). This was repeated every three weeks. The side effects of cisplatin and in its combination use were relatively severe. All of 20 patients showed severe nausea and vomiting, but fortunately there were no signs of hepatotoxicity, bone marrow or renal impairments during these courses. As the result, according to the response criteria of Koyama-Saito's group, out of 10 evaluable patients, the response rate consisting of partial and complete responses was 50% (CR: 3 cases, RP: 2 cases). It is shown that cisplatin is effective and useful in chemotherapy for the patients with ovarian carcinoma.
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PMID:[Clinical trial of cisplatin in the treatment of ovarian carcinoma]. 676 12

Among the 95 cases of ovarian cancer treated by us between May, 1975 and August, 1978, only 33 were suitable for complete resection. The remaining 62 cases underwent incomplete resection, followed by F.Q.C. combination chemotherapy (1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil, carbazilquinone, cytosine arabinoside); 54.8% showed an antitumor response. The median survival time of the responders was 13.2 months, whereas it was 7.4 months for the non-responders. The survival rate after 24 months, however, was 13% and 4%, respectively. Side effects of the drugs, including leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea and vomiting, were found in roughly one half of the cases.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy in advanced ovarian cancer. 677 4


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