Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C1140680 (ovarian cancer)
 28,141 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The association of fibrin and tumour cells on a sclerosed mitral valve in a 62-year-old woman is described. This was the first indication of malignant disease but bilateral ovarian cancer was proved two months later. ino further tumour deposits have been found in fifteen months. The tumour deposit on the valve was most likely a metastasis but primary heart valve sarcoma has not been positively excluded. If the lesion was a secondary deposit this has possible implications for the role of fibrin in metastasis in humans.
 ...
PMID:Fibrin-bound tumour cells on a sclerosed mitral valve. 90 51

The study comprises 96042 cytologic cases within a period of 10 years. After screening women were admitted for biopsies. The histologic findings are reported. By 690 "right positive smears" 71 squamous cell cervical cancers stage Ib or more 87 microcarcinomata-1, 377 carcinomata-in-situ of the cervix, 100 dysplasias, 47 adenocarcinomata and 8 different malign tumors were found. 61 cases having histologic diagnosis outside are just mentioned. 629 cases which had been diagnosed in our hospital are described extensively. The first biopsy was nearly always taken by selective scraping of the ecto- and endocervix. Technical improvements of this method are explained. The efficiency of cytodiagnosis is especially pointed out by separating cases which could have been recognized or suspected by means of inspection or colposcopy only. 140 out of 282 carcinomata-in-situ and 7 invasive, mainly endocervical cancers (Ib-III), could only be diagnosed by a smear. In 17 woemn who turned out to have invasive cancer (Ib -III) a positive smear was the only reason for admission. Careful inspection of the cervix in the hospital, however, was sufficent to reveal the correct diagnosis. In our material the cervical smear could be of little help in cancer diagnosis of the upper genital tract such as adenocarcinoma of the corpus uteri, sarcoma and ovarian cancer. 39 of the 45 women with endometrial cancer cells in the specimen had bleeding anomalies, especially postmenopausal. The number of "false negative smears" mainly yields from histologic examination of 2415 uteri after hysterectomy and 4497 specimen after curettage of cervix and corpus uteri. In the first group 1 microcarcinoma-2 and 5 carcinomata-in-situ, in the second group which obviously is less representative 4 carcinomata-in-situ were found unexpectedly. It is also searched for cases which had a negative smear first and a positive or suspect smear later. This happened in 41 patients. The underlying lesion were 5 advanced cancers, 2 microcarcinomata-3 and 34 carcinomata-in-situ. Up to 30 months elapsed between the last negative cytologic finding and histologic diagnosis. 121 out of 811 suspect or positive smears were "false positive". Cytologic grouping III, IV and V inconsistently matched with the corresponding histologic results. The type and extension of squamous cell atypias are anticipated with little certainty. The great number of suspect specimen (group III) both in microcarcinoma-4 (6 in 78) and carcinoma-in-situ (33 in 344) was striking. Therefore we consider a histologic diagnosis to be necessary in this group as well as in group IV and V. The method of fractioned cervical scraping makes the decision of hospital admission easier. Low risk for the patient does not imply any loss in diagnostic security.
 ...
PMID:[Review of cervical smears in a gynaecologic department after a period of ten years under the consideration of colposcopic findings(author's transl)]. 117 25

Aphidicolin, a reversible inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha and delta, has recently been reported to reverse the resistance to cisplatin (DDP) of an ovarian cancer cell line. We investigated the pharmacokinetics of aphidicolin in mice and examined its activity either alone or in combination with DDP in the DDP-sensitive M5076 (M5) murine reticular cell sarcoma as well as in a DDP-resistant subline (M5/DDP). The drug was cleared from plasma very rapidly (clearance, 41.6 ml min-1 kg-1), showing a half-life of 15 min. Aphidicolin concentrations in the tumor were approximately 50% of those found in plasma at steady state. Using several dose schedules and continuous infusions we failed to detect significant antitumor activity for aphidicolin glycinate. Potentiation of the activity of DDP by aphidicolin glycinate was moderate in mice bearing M5 tumor as well as in those bearing M5/DDP tumor. These data do not support the possible clinical use of aphidicolin in combination with DDP. However, further studies should be carried out in different tumor models before this possibility is conclusively ruled out.
 ...
PMID:Activity of aphidicolin glycinate alone or in combination with cisplatin in a murine ovarian tumor resistant to cisplatin. 139 2

The relation between allergy and risk of cancer was evaluated in a cohort study of 34,198 Seventh-day Adventists in California. Information on prevalence of asthma, hay fever, and reactions to chemicals, medications, bee stings, and poison oak (or ivy) was obtained by questionnaire in 1976. The reported allergies must have been serious enough to require treatment by a physician. The cohort was then followed for 6 years (1977-1982). Both stratified analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were utilized to evaluate the relation of allergy to cancer after taking into account several potentially confounding variables. For all cancer sites combined in males, there was a 33% increased risk associated with reaction to medications. In contrast, among females, reaction to medications was associated with a 21% decrease in risk. Both results were statistically significant. Prostate and breast cancer risk were elevated in persons who reported any type of allergic history, as was risk of lymphatic or hematopoietic cancers and sarcoma. For each of these types of cancer, risk increased with increasing numbers of allergies. However, ovarian cancer risk was decreased in persons with any allergic history and increasing numbers of allergies was associated with decreasing risk of this form of cancer. These results suggest that the association between allergy and cancer is complex and depends on the specific allergy and the specific organ site under consideration.
 ...
PMID:Allergy and cancer: organ site-specific results from the Adventist Health Study. 141 50

Patients with disseminated intraperitoneal malignant neoplasms were given intra-abdominal photodynamic therapy. Patients received dihematoporphyrin ethers intravenously 48 to 72 hours before laparotomy at doses of 1.5 to 3.0 mg/kg. At operation, as much tumor as possible was resected. Red light (630 nm) was delivered to all peritoneal surfaces from an argon-pumped dye laser at doses ranging from 0.2 to 3.0 J/cm2 in an escalating fashion. Viscera and peritoneal surfaces were anatomically isolated and exposed to light for intervals calculated to deliver the prescribed energy. Light was delivered to mesentery and bowel by a flat-cut optical fiber, while other areas, including diaphragm, viscera, omental bursa, gutters, and pelvis, were delivered light through a diffusing wand. Twenty-three patients (13 with ovarian cancer, eight with sarcoma, and two with pseudomyxoma peritoneii) underwent photodynamic therapy. Five of eight patients cleared positive peritoneal cytologies after treatment. Six patients remained clinically free of disease for up to 18 months, and five patients had treatment-related complications. Intraperitoneal phototherapy is technically feasible and deserving of clinical evaluation.
 ...
PMID:Technique of photodynamic therapy for disseminated intraperitoneal malignant neoplasms. Phase I study. 199 74

Ricin A chain immunotoxin constructed with monoclonal antibody 791T/36, which recognizes a tumor associated glycoprotein Mr 72,000 antigen present on sarcomas and colon and ovarian cancer cells, is cytotoxic for cell lines from tumors expressing this antigen. Incubation of sarcoma 791T cells with immunotoxin for only 5 min is sufficient to produce greater than 95% inhibition of tumor cell growth. Papain treatment of these cells to remove immunotoxin from the cell surface indicated that the cell surface acts as a reservoir for continued internalization of immunotoxin over several hours, but even so, 50% inhibition of cell survival was produced over a 2- to 3-h period. Analysis of the rate of endocytosis demonstrated that 30-50% of cell bound immunotoxin was internalized over a 180-min period. This was primarily dictated by the antibody moiety, regardless of the degree of conjugation to ricin A chain. This rate is much slower than that of other cell surface ligands such as transferrin. Cell cytosol acidification experiments were performed to determine whether this immunotoxin was internalized by clathrin coated pits, which is relatively rapid, or by smooth pits, which is slower, and the results indicated the latter mechanism is almost exclusively used. Intracellular trafficking of antibody 791T/36, conjugated to human serum albumin-tetramethylrhodamine was investigated by flow cytometry. The movement of the conjugate into the lysosomal compartment was delayed so that degradation products were only detected after a lag phase of 30-60 min. The lack of potentiator dependence of 791T/36 immunotoxin is in keeping with these findings.
 ...
PMID:Endocytosis of immunotoxin-791T/36-RTA by tumor cells in relation to its cytotoxic action. 200 18

The incidence of secondary myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute leukaemias (AL) after chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy is increasing. Most cases have been described in patients with Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, multiple myeloma, polycythemia vera, ovarian cancer and breast cancer. We report 2 patients with secondary MDS and acute myeloblastic leukaemia after combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy for soft tissue sarcoma. Five more cases have been described in the literature. The data of all patients are summarized. The occurrence of secondary MDS/AL in patients with soft tissue sarcoma may become a problem, in particular in children, who have been cured after combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
 ...
PMID:Myelodysplastic syndrome and acute leukaemia following treatment of soft tissue sarcoma. 267 58

Mouse mAb M111 identifies a cell surface glycoprotein of 115,000 to 135,000 Da. M111 was expressed constitutively in subsets of cells of multiple lineages at discrete stages of cell maturation, suggesting that M111 is a differentiation Ag of the three germ layers. Ag expression could be induced by IFN-gamma but not by IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, or TNF. Induction of M111 expression was maximal at 48 h of culture in 200 U/ml of IFN-gamma and was independent of induction of class II MHC Ag. Induction was dependent on the cell type used. Nine colon cancer cell lines of undifferentiated phenotype were constitutively M111-; IFN-gamma induced M111 expression in seven of them. In contrast, IFN-gamma failed to induce M111 expression in six of six M111- ovarian cancer cell lines. Eight normal fibroblast cultures tested were M111-; they could not be induced to express M111. Three of five sarcoma cell lines were M111+; culture in IFN-gamma induced an increase in M111 expression in all of them. Constitutive and IFN-gamma-induced expression of M111 was independent of constitutive and induced expression of HLA class I and II molecules. IFN-gamma-mediated induction of M111 expression was not accompanied by coordinate changes in the expression of other differentiation traits. These results suggest that expression of the M111 gene is controlled by two mechanisms, one related to differentiation and the other activated by IFN-gamma.
 ...
PMID:IFN-gamma-regulated expression of a differentiation antigen of human cells. 312 30

The limitations of the agar suspension culture method for primary culturing of human tumor cells prompted development of a monolayer system optimized for cell adhesion and growth. This method grew 83% of fresh human tumor cell biopsy specimens, cultured and not contaminated, from a heterogeneous group of 396 tumors including lung cancer (93 of 114, 82%); melanoma (54 of 72, 75%); sarcoma (46 of 59, 78%); breast cancer (35 of 39, 90%); ovarian cancer (16 of 21, 76%); and a miscellaneous group consisting of gastrointestinal, genitourinary, mesothelioma, and unknown primaries (78 of 91, 86%). Cell growth was characterized morphologically with Papanicolaoustained coverslip cultures and cytogenetically with Giemsastained metaphase spreads. Morphological features such as nuclear pleomorphism, chromatin condensation, basophilic cytoplasm, and melanin pigmentation were routinely seen. Aneuploid metaphases were seen in 90% of evaluable cultures, with 15 of 28 showing 70% or more aneuploid metaphases. Colony-forming efficiency ranged between 0.01 and 1% of viable tumor cells, with a median efficiency of 0.2%. This culture system uses a low inoculum of 25,000 viable cells per well which permitted chemosensitivity testing of nine drugs at four doses in duplicate from 2.2 X 10(6) viable tumor cells and radiation sensitivity testing at five doses in quadruplicate from 0.6 X 10(6) cells. Cultures were analyzed for survival by computerized image analysis of crystal violet-stained cells. Drug sensitivity studies showed variability in sensitivity and in survival curve shape with exponential cell killing for cisplatin, Adriamycin, and etoposide, and shouldered survival curves for 5-fluorouracil frequently seen. Radiation sensitivity studies also showed variability in both sensitivity and survival curve shape. Many cultures showed exponential cell killing, although others had shouldered survival curves. This method for growing cells from primary human biopsy specimens is more efficient than the agar culture method, enables easier and better biological analysis of the actual cells grown, and permits improved characterization of drug and radiation survival curves.
 ...
PMID:Drug and radiation sensitivity measurements of successful primary monolayer culturing of human tumor cells using cell-adhesive matrix and supplemented medium. 348 78

Antitumor activity (increase in lifespan and cure) was greater for ifosfamide (IFO) in several experimental tumors, some of which were primarily resistant to cyclophosphamide (CYC). IFO has been shown to be active in anthracycline-resistant and in adriamycin/cisplatin-resistant sublines of an Ehrlich ascites tumor, as well as in tumor cells primarily resistant to CYC. The few comparative controlled clinical trials available suggest superior single-agent activity of IFO compared with CYC in soft tissue sarcoma and ovarian cancer. Combination chemotherapy with IFO has been effective in second-line treatment of sarcomas, malignant lymphomas, lung cancer, and testicular cancer, most of them pretreated with or refractory to CYC. Although it is difficult to obtain clinical proof that there is no cross-resistance between IFO and CYC, IFO has been shown to be active in multirefractory malignant lymphomas, in small cell lung cancer not responding to adriamycin, vincristine, and etoposide, and in soft tissue and bone sarcomas. Testicular cancer and pancreatic cancer are some of the tumors in which IFO activity is currently being evaluated and in which CYC has so far failed to show sufficient clinical activity. More comparative controlled clinical trials are needed in ovarian cancer, breast cancer, malignant lymphomas, sarcomas and cervical cancer, in which IFO has already shown sufficient single-agent activity. Due to its lower level of cross-resistance with a variety of heterocyclic products, but also with other alkylating agents, in addition to its use in induction chemotherapy, IFO is an important second-line agent in many clinical situations.
 ...
PMID:Comparative activity of ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide. 354 22


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>