Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1140680 (ovarian cancer)
 28,141 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Frequencies of 25 HLA antigens in 526 Caucasian patients were compared to those in 629 healthy controls who were HLA-typed between September 1975 and February 1977. Haplotypes were compared for 711 patients and 549 controls typed between September 1974 and December 1976. Frequency deviations were found in those with ALL, AML, breast cancer, lymphoma and ovarian cancer, but only the increase in A29 in AML patients was statistically significant when corrected for the number of specificities. Interesting associations, when compared with earlier studies, include elevation of AW24 in both ALL and AML patients and increased B27 in ALL patients. Significant haplotype differences were increased A3-B8 and absence of A1-BW17 in ALL patients and increased A11-B5 and A2-BW40 as well as absence of A2-B5 in AML patients.
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PMID:HLA frequencies in cancer: a third study. 28 33

Only a small proportion of cancers, arising in inherited syndromes such as polyposis coli, have an unequivocally inherited basis. Nevertheless, most common cancers show familial clustering, much of which may be due to inherited predisposition. If so, there may be wide variation in genetic susceptibility to common cancers. The precise models of susceptibility are unclear, but for ovarian cancer and breast cancer there is some evidence that a small proportion of cases result from highly penetrant dominant genes. This has been confirmed recently for breast cancer by genetic linkage studies. Clear evidence for genetic susceptibility has been obtained for Hodgkin's disease and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, where the existence of susceptibility genes at the HLA locus has been demonstrated by linkage analysis. These genes could account for the majority of cases of these cancers. Identification of other cancer susceptibility genes should be possible, either directly using linkage analysis, or through identification of constitutional phenotypes related to cancer risk.
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PMID:The contribution of inherited predisposition to cancer incidence. 210 19

Comparison was made between lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood from patients with benign ovarian tumor and those with advanced ovarian carcinoma. In addition, changes of lymphocyte subsets of patients with ovarian carcinoma before and after operation were also examined. The percentage and absolute number of CD3-/HLA-DR+ (B cells) in peripheral blood from patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma were significantly lower than values from patients with benign ovarian tumor, whereas both percentage and absolute number of CD3-/HLA-DR- (null cells) cells in patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma were significantly higher. Although there was no significant difference in natural killer (NK) cell subsets (CD57+ CD16- and CD57+ CD16+ cells) between patients with benign ovarian tumor and ovarian carcinoma, the percentage and absolute number of CD57-/CD16+ (highly differentiated NK cells) cells in patients with ovarian carcinoma were significantly higher than those in patients with benign ovarian tumor. Both the absolute number and percentage of CD3+/HLA-DR+ (activated T cells) cells in ovarian cancer patients with minimal residual tumors after operation were significantly increased, compared to the levels before operation, while the values in the patients with large residual tumors were significantly decreased. In addition, the percentage and absolute number of CD3-/HLA-DR- (null cells) cells in the patients with minimal residual tumors were significantly decreased after operation, while values in the patients with large residual tumors remained unchanged before and after operation. The patients with minimal residual tumors after operation were characterized by a significant increase in the percentage of CD57- CD16+ (highly differentiated NK cells) cells. On the other hand, in the patients with large residual tumors no change of the NK cell subsets was observed before and after operation.
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PMID:Changes of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood before and after operation of patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma. 214 87

With flow-cytometry we tested whether or not interferon can induce surface expression of HLA-ABC antigen on cell lines derived from various gynecologic cancers. The tumor cell lines used were Hela S3 derived from cervical cancer, OVK-18 derived from ovarian cancer, HHUA derived from endometrial cancer, SCH, JaR and BeWo derived from choriocarcinoma. 1000 IU/ml of interferon-gamma induced HLA-ABC antigen expression on Hela S3, OVK-18 and SCH but not on BeWo. HLA-ABC antigen was expressed on neither the surface of HHUA or JaR nor was its appearance induced by interferon. The clinical application of interferon may be effective in killing some tumors, taking advantage of the increased expression of HLA antigen.
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PMID:Enhanced expression of HLA antigens on gynecologic cancer cells by interferon-gamma. 309 Jan 75

Marrow transplantation is effective treatment for a number of hematological diseases in patients under the age of 50 who have an HLA-identical sibling donor. It is successful in the treatment of aplastic anemia with 70-85% long-term survival. It offers 10-30% apparent cures for patients with acute leukemia who have relapsed at least once, and for those with chronic myelocytic leukemia in blast crisis. Although still somewhat controversial, it appears to be the treatment of choice for patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia in first chemotherapy induced remission, and for those with chronic myelogenous leukemia in the chronic phase since approximately 50-60% of these patients experience long-term, disease-free survival. Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia grafted in second or subsequent remission may expect a 30% "cure" of their disease. Marrow grafting is the only effective treatment for many patients with inherited immunologic deficiencies and certain genetic storage diseases. Cures of congenital Fanconi's anemia, Blackfan-Diamond anemia, osteopetrosis, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and thalassemia major have been achieved. Marrow transplantation is being explored for the therapy of patients with lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, preleukemia, multiple myeloma, hairy cell leukemia, small cell lung cancer, testicular cancer, ovarian cancer and neuroblastoma. Marrow transplantation has been limited by the fact that many patients do not have HLA-identical siblings and very few have monozygotic twins. More recently, marrow transplants from HLA-nonidentical family members and even from unrelated donors have been successfully explored.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Marrow transplantation: the Seattle experience. 391 47

Marrow transplantation is effective treatment for a number of haematological diseases in patients under the age of 50 who have an HLA-identical sibling donor. It is generally successful when used early in the treatment of aplastic anaemia. It is the only treatment that offers long-term disease-free survival for patients with acute leukaemia who have relapsed at least once, with 10-30 per cent apparent cures. Although still somewhat controversial, it appears also to be the treatment of choice for patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia in first chemotherapy induced remission and for those with chronic myelogenous leukaemia in the chronic phase since approximately 50-60 per cent of these patients are surviving after marrow transplantation in complete remission, apparently cured. Marrow grafting is the only effective treatment for many patients with inherited immunological-deficiency diseases and certain genetic storage diseases. It is being explored for the therapy of patients with lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, multiple myeloma, small-cell lung cancer, testicular cancer, ovarian cancer and genetic disorders of haematopoiesis. Cures of congenital Fanconi anaemia, Blackfan-Diamond anaemia, osteopetrosis, and paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria have been achieved by marrow grafting. Genetic disorders associated with haemolytic anaemia and cyclic neutropenia have been cured by marrow grafting in animals. Target disorders for marrow transplantation in humans are thalassaemia major and sickle cell disease, and, indeed, a first successful transplant for treatment of thalassaemia major has recently been described (Thomas et al, 1982). Marrow transplantation has been limited by the fact that many patients do not have HLA-identical siblings and very few have monozygotic twins. The Seattle team has now explored the use of less well-matched family member donors in more than 80 patients with leukaemia. These donors share one HLA haplotype genetically with the patient and are phenotypically identical at two of the three major HLA loci on the other HLA haplotype (Clift et al, 1979). Overall, the post-transplant survival appears more a reflection of the type and stage of the leukaemia than of the marrow donor. Patients with leukaemia grafted in relapse have a projected survival of 20-30 per cent and those transplanted in remission of 50 per cent. The incidence and severity of GVHD may not be significantly different from that of patients given HLA-identical sibling marrow grafts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Application of bone marrow transplantation in leukaemia and aplastic anaemia. 635 79

Lymphocyte activation markers CD69 and HLA-DR were studied in metastatic breast and ovarian cancer patients who received active specific immunotherapy (ASI) using cancer vaccines containing the synthetic tumor-associated antigen sialyl-Tn or the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen conjugated to KLH plus DETOX adjuvant. Breast cancer patients who showed prolonged survival following ASI had lower numbers of total CD69+ and CD4+CD69+ cells prior to ASI compared to patients who died. However, following ASI, the surviving patients showed an increase in CD69+ and CD4+CD69+ cells and the deceased patients showed a decrease. A greater than 50% increase in the percentage of cells bearing the activation marker CD69 is associated with an increase in survival in both ovarian and breast cancer patients. In the surviving breast cancer patients there was a significant decrease in the percentage of non-B lymphocyte HLA-DR+ (CD20-HLA-DR+) cells following cyclophosphamide treatment. A strong positive correlation was found between lymphocyte populations CD20- HLA-DR+ and CD8+CD57+, a putative suppressor cell population. Breast cancer patients who showed a greater than median decrease in CD20-HLA-DR+ lymphocytes following cyclophosphamide treatment had a survival advantage over patients who had less than the median decrease in the percent CD20-HLA-DR+ lymphocytes.
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PMID:CD69+ and HLA-DR+ activation antigens on peripheral blood lymphocyte populations in metastatic breast and ovarian cancer patients: correlations with survival following active specific immunotherapy. 753 76

A tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immune response has been well documented in melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and ovarian cancer. Conflicting evidence exists regarding the existence of tumor-specific CTL populations in breast cancer. Tumor cells and tumor-associated lymphocytes (TAL) were isolated from the pleural effusions of six consecutive patients with metastatic breast cancer. After solid-phase anti-CD3 stimulation, TAL cultures were expanded with weekly autologous tumor stimulation and low-dose IL-2 for 3 wk. T cell populations were characterized using flow cytometric analysis and ranged from 49 to 91% CD8+, > 98% CD3+, and < 3% CD16+. Functionally, tumor-stimulated TAL showed tumor-specific recognition of autologous tumor cells (241 +/- 142 LU20/10(7)) and no detectable lysis of autologous fibroblasts, Daudi or K562. Cytotoxicity of TAL against HLA-A2+ allogeneic targets was significantly higher when compared with HLA-A2- tumor cell lines (127 +/- 76 vs 6 +/- 18 LU, p = 0.0001). This cytotoxicity against autologous and allogeneic tumor cells was blocked by anti-HLA-A2 mAb and cold HLA-A2+ targets in cold-target inhibition assays. TAL from all HLA-A2+ patients recognized GP2, a known, HER2/neu-derived tumor-associated peptide Ag that is HLA-A2 restricted. We have shown that TAL obtained from metastatic effusions of breast cancer patients contain lymphocytes that can recognize and lyse autologous and allogeneic tumor cells in a tumor-specific, HLA-A2-restricted fashion. In addition, tumor-specific TAL derived from breast cancer patients can selectively lyse HLA-A2+ pancreatic and ovarian tumor cell targets, suggesting a common HLA-A2-restricted tumor-associated Ag between these distinct epithelial cancers. Further elucidation of the cell-mediated immune response to breast cancer and the identification of shared TAA could result in the development of broadly applicable vaccine therapies for many cancers.
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PMID:Tumor-specific and HLA-A2-restricted cytolysis by tumor-associated lymphocytes in human metastatic breast cancer. 759 11

We have recently shown that HLA-A2-restricted, tumor-specific CTL can be isolated from tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in ovarian cancer, and that the sensitivity of ovarian tumors to these CTL is correlated with HER2/neu expression. Furthermore, utilizing PCR, we have documented previously that V beta 2, V beta 3, V beta 6, and V beta 7 are represented in increased proportions in ovarian tumor-specific CTL lines. Therefore, to correlate the interaction of these specific TCR V beta segments with the HLA-A2 molecule and potential tumor-associated Ags (TAA) related to HER2/neu expression, we have utilized available mAbs to V beta 2, V beta 3, and V beta 6. We found that V beta 2+, V beta 3+, and V beta 6+ CTL mediate antitumor activity, and a combination of these mAbs resulted in 83 to 95% inhibition of the cytotoxicity against autologous tumor from three separate patients. These mAbs also were capable of blocking HLA-A2-matched allogeneic cytotoxicity, suggesting that all three V beta families recognize TAA in the context of HLA-A2. An HLA-A2+ melanoma was transfected with the HER2/neu gene and became sensitive to HLA-A2+ ovarian cancer-specific CTL lysis. This cytotoxicity was mediated by V beta 3+ and V beta 6+ CTL, as demonstrated by mAb-blocking studies. FACS-depletion studies confirmed that CTL populations depleted of V beta 3 or V beta 6 no longer could recognize the HER2/neu transfectant. We conclude that V beta 3 and V beta 6 recognize some TAA that are either derived from the HER2/neu protein or induced by the expression of the HER2/neu gene and presented in the context of HLA-A2. Furthermore, V beta 2 seems to recognize an HER2/neu-unrelated Ag system also presented by HLA-A2.
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PMID:TCR V beta 3+ and V beta 6+ CTL recognize tumor-associated antigens related to HER2/neu expression in HLA-A2+ ovarian cancers. 790 29

Previously, we have reported a correlation between the expression of HER2/neu and sensitivity to HLA-A2-restricted cytotoxic T-cells (CTL) in ovarian cancer. To investigate the role of HER2/neu in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we established autologous tumor-specific CTL from tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of HLA-A2+ HER2/neu+ NSCLC patients. These CTL lines specifically recognized HLA-A2+ HER2/neu+ autologous and allogeneic NSCLC cell lines as well as HLA-A2+ HER2/neu+ heterologous ovarian cancer cell lines. Furthermore, these CTL recognized an overexpressed, HER2/neu-derived peptide. From these results, we conclude that HLA-A2 serves as a restriction element in NSCLC. More importantly, at least one HER2/neu-derived peptide is a tumor-associated antigen in NSCLC and ovarian cancer.
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PMID:HER2/neu-derived peptides are shared antigens among human non-small cell lung cancer and ovarian cancer. 791 66


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