Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1140680 (ovarian cancer)
 28,141 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Aggressive surgery may improve the outcome of patients with ovarian cancer. To assess the risk of operative complications, we analyzed 472 primary and 299 repeat operations for ovarian cancer in 536 women between 14-91 years of age. Intraoperative bleeding estimated to be over 1000 mL (N = 107) was more common after primary (21%) than repeat surgery (3%). Urinary tract infection accompanied 113 operations (18% of primary and 9% of repeat), bowel complication 51 operations (7% of primary and 6% of repeat), fever 23 operations (4% of primary and 1% of repeat), wound complication 17 operations (3% of primary and 1% of repeat), and thromboembolism 11 operations (2% of primary and 0.3% of repeat). Patient age had no effect on the rate of complications. Pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy in connection with primary operations caused substantial blood loss. Five subjects (1%) died after primary operations. On the whole, the surgical procedures, especially repeat operations, were well tolerated and should not be avoided for fear of complications.
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PMID:Morbidity and mortality associated with primary and repeat operations for ovarian cancer. 152 Mar 88

Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LD), gamma-glutamyl transferase (gamma GT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities have been measured in 105 patients with ovarian cancer for periods of up to 4 years. The extent of the disease was assessed at laporotomy according to the FIGO classification. Chemotherapy was started one week after surgery, at which time 25% of patients had elevated LD, 29% elevated gamma GT and 21% elevated ALP. Of 51 patients who went into complete remission, 4% still showed elevated LD, 25% elevated gamma GT and 12% elevated ALP. Reactivation of tumour growth was apparent in 32 patients; there was a significant increase in the serum LD, gamma GT and ALP activities when remission and recurrence were first detected in 65%, 50% and 35% of patients respectively. With 14 patients, there was an unexplained increase in the activity of one or more of the enzymes 1-6 months prior to recurrence being detected; these changes may predict that chemotherapy is losing effect. During long-term remission, serum LD was increased in patients suffering from urinary tract infection or bladder dysfunction.
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PMID:Serum enzyme changes during chemotherapy for ovarian cancer. 612 35

Bikunin (bik, also known as urinary trypsin inhibitor [UTI]), a Kunitz-type protease inhibitor, interacts with cells as a negative modulator of the invasive cells. Human ovarian cancer cell line, HRA, was treated with phorbol ester (PMA) in order to evaluate the effect on expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). Preincubation of the cells with bik reduced the ability of PMA to trigger the uPA expression at the gene level and at the protein level. We next asked whether the mechanism of inhibition of uPA expression by bik is due to interference with MAP kinase, since PMA could also activate a signaling pathway involving MEK/ERK/c-Jun-dependent uPA expression. When cells were preincubated with bik, we could detect suppression of phosphorylation of these proteins, demonstrating that bik markedly suppresses the cell motility possibly through negative regulation of MEK/ERK/c-Jun-dependent mechanisms, and that these changes in behavior are correlated with a coordinated down-regulation of uPA which is likely to contribute to the cell invasion processes. To clarify the role of bik on tumor metastasis, HRA cells were transfected with an expression vector harboring a cDNA encoding for human bik. Transfection of HRA with the bik cDNA resulted in five variants stably expressing functional bik and significantly reduced invasion, but not proliferation, adhesion, or migration relative to the parental cells. Animals with bik* transfectants induced reduced peritoneal dissemination and long term survival. These results suggest that transfection with the bik gene induces the suppression of tumor cell invasion and peritoneal dissemination, and can prolong survival. This pre-clinical animal model offers the possibility to explore gene therapy as a new treatment modality for ovarian cancer.
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PMID:Suppression of urokinase expression and tumor metastasis by bikunin overexpression [mini-review]. 1177 42

The diagnosis of pelvic infection is most often made clinically, based on a combination of pelvic pain and fever, and possibly a foul discharge. The patient is referred to radiology in two very different circumstances: either in the acute phase where the challenge is to differentiate a pelvic infection from appendicitis, urinary tract infection, and complications of a hemorrhagic luteal cyst; or some time after the infectious episode, which may have gone unnoticed, and the patient presents with an undetermined pelvic mass that needs to be characterized, where the challenge in that situation is not to confuse it with ovarian cancer. The signs and symptoms on the pelvic ultrasound, CT scan, and MRI suggest the correct diagnosis.
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PMID:Gynecological pelvic infection: what is the role of imaging? 2264 49

Internists are called upon on a daily basis to address a range of women's health issues. Staying up to date with the evidence in this wide field can be challenging. This article reviews important studies published in 2015 and early 2016 pertinent to urinary tract infection, osteoporosis, ovarian cancer screening, and contraception.
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PMID:Women's health 2016: An update for internists. 2793 17