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Query: UMLS:C0948265 (metabolic syndrome)
 24,271 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The investigation is realized with 50 diabetics, considered suitable for oral therapy that revealed excellent or satisfactory effect from the Glybenclamide treatment (GCL), applied separately or in combination with butyl biguanide. GCL was established to give far better results than the rest oral antidabetic drugs, permitting a better metabolic syndrome compensation. GCL effect is more manifested than that of tolbutamide. The better therapeutic effect of GCL is obvious as compared with chloropropamide and butyl biguanide, but not so well manifested as with tolbutamide. The therapeutic GCL effect is better in almost all followed up ages, the most advanced incld., which is not cogent for the rest of the oral preparations. Side effects and severe hypoglycemic incidence, reported by other authors, were not observed during the investigation.
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PMID:[Therapeutic effect of glibenclamide contrasted with other oral antidiabetic agents]. 81 18

As the relationships between C-peptide levels and metabolic control and chronic complications are poorly known in type 2 diabetes, due to the slow decline of beta-cell function, we evaluated these associations in a cohort of type 2 diabetic patients. After excluding insulin-treated subjects, 1,533 patients were divided according to their C-peptide fasting levels in quartiles. Patients within the lowest C-peptide quartile showed significantly higher duration of diabetes, prevalence of retinopathy and values of HDL-cholesterol, albumin excretion rate and HbA1c, while BMI, diastolic blood pressure, percentages of hypertension and metabolic syndrome, and values of triglycerides and uric acid were significantly higher in the highest C-peptide quartile. The associations between C-peptide and duration of diabetes, AER, HbA1c, retinopathy and the components of the metabolic syndrome remained significant, after multiple adjustments. In conclusion, these data support the hypothesis that a reduced insulin secretion is associated with a longer duration of diabetes and a greater prevalence of microvascular complications, while higher insulin levels are associated with the components of the metabolic syndrome.
Acta Diabetol 2000
PMID:Relationship of residual beta-cell function, metabolic control and chronic complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. 1127 12

Studies on the role of parental history on the risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MS) show inconsistent data that may depend on misclassification of the parental history. Confirming carefully the parental phenotype (PF) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and essential hypertension (EH) of participants' parents, we determined the relationship between PF of either DM or EH and the risk of developing MS in Mexican individuals. A case-control study of 210 subjects randomly recruited from Durango, Mexico was carried out. Subjects with MS (cases) were compared with a control group of subjects without MS matched by age and gender. MS was defined by the presence of two or more of the following: fasting glucose > or =7.0 mmol/l; blood pressure > or =160/90 mmHg; fasting triglycerides > or =1.7 mmol/l and/or HDL-cholesterol <1.0 mmol/l; and obesity (body mass index > or =30 kg/m2 and/or waist-to-hip ratio > or =0.85). The PF of DM and EH was confirmed by direct clinical examination and/or review of certificates of death of each of the participants' parents. Incomplete or unclear data about PH were exclusion criteria. Multivariate analysis showed that PF of DM without EH (odds ratio (OR) 2.6; 95% CI, 1.3-7.8, p=0.044) and PF of both DM and EH (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.5-9.1, p=0.0001), but not the PF of EH without DM are independent predictors for developing MS in Mexican individuals. In the offspring generation of Mexican subjects, the PF of DM seems to increase the risk of developing MS, whereas PF of EH does not.
Acta Diabetol 2001
PMID:The parental phenotype of diabetes, but not of essential hypertension, is linked to the development of metabolic syndrome in Mexican individuals. 1175 7

Metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, prediabetes, and overt type 2 diabetes mellitus are associated with an accelerated atherosclerosis (atheroscleropathy). This quartet is also associated with multiple metabolic toxicities resulting in the production of reactive oxygen species. The redox stress associated with these reactive oxygen species contribute to the development, progression, and the final fate of the arterial vessel wall in prediabetic and diabetic atheroscleropathy. The prevention of morbidity and mortality of these intersecting metabolic diseases can be approached through comprehensive global risk reduction.
Cardiovasc Diabetol 2002 Sep 27
PMID:Intimal redox stress: accelerated atherosclerosis in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Atheroscleropathy. 1239

Low serum magnesium levels are related to diabetes mellitus (DM) and high blood pressure (HBP), but as far as we know, there are no previous reports that analyzed the serum magnesium concentration in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MS). We performed a cross-sectional population-based study to compare 192 individuals with MS and 384 disorder-free control subjects, matched by age and gender. Magnesium supplementation treatment and conditions likely to provoke hypomagnesemia, including previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) and/or high blood pressure (HBP), were exclusion criteria. In this regard, only incident cases of DM and HBP were included. MS was defined by the presence at least of two of the following features: hyperglycemia (> or =7.0 mmol/l); HBP (> or =160/90 mmHg); dyslipidemia (fasting triglycerides > or =1.7 mmol/l and/or HDL-cholesterol <1.0 mmol/l); and obesity (body mass index > or =30 kg/m(2) and/or waist-to-hip ratio > or =0.85 in women or > or =0.9 in men). Low serum magnesium levels were identified in 126 (65.6%) and 19 (4.9%) individuals with and without MS, p<0.00001. The mean serum magnesium level among subjects with MS was 1.8+/-0.3 mg/dl, and among control subjects 2.2+/-0.2 mg/dl, p<0.00001. There was a strong independent relationship between low serum magnesium levels and MS (odds ratio (OR)=6.8, CI(95%) 4.2-10.9). Among the components of MS, dyslipidemia (OR 2.8, CI(95%) 1.3-2.9) and HBP (OR 1.9, CI(95%) 1.4-2.8) were strongly related to low serum magnesium levels. This study reveals a strong relationship between decreased serum magnesium and MS.
Acta Diabetol 2002 Dec
PMID:Low serum magnesium levels and metabolic syndrome. 1248 95

The metabolic syndrome is a highly prevalent clinical entity. The recent Adult Treatment Panel (ATP III) guidelines have called specific attention to the importance of targeting the cardiovascular risk factors of the metabolic syndrome as a method of risk reduction therapy. The main factors characteristic of this syndrome are abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, insulin resistance (with or without glucose intolerance), prothrombotic and proinflammatory states. An insulin resistance following nuclear peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPAR) deactivation (mainly obesity-related) is the key phase of metabolic syndrome initiation. Afterwards, there are 2 principal pathways of metabolic syndrome development: 1) with preserved pancreatic beta cells function and insulin hypersecretion which can compensate for insulin resistance. This pathway leads mainly to the macrovascular complications of metabolic syndrome; 2) with massive damage of pancreatic beta cells leading to progressively decrease of insulin secretion and to hyperglycemia (e.g. overt type 2 diabetes). This pathway leads to both microvascular and macrovascular complications. We suggest that a PPAR-based appraisal of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes may improve our understanding of these diseases and set a basis for a comprehensive approach in their treatment.
Cardiovasc Diabetol 2003 Mar 23
PMID:Metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus: focus on peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPAR). 1283 41

Obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance are wellknown components of metabolic syndrome and are associated to increased cardiovascular morbidity. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, body fat distribution, and selected coronary heart disease risk factors. A total of 22 untrained subjects affected by one or more features of metabolic syndrome and without clinical history of cardiovascular disease were studied. Nondiabetic subjects underwent an oral glucose tolerance test for glucose and insulin measurement; fasting glucose and insulin were measured in diabetic patients. Complete lipid profile, thyroid hormones, and thyroid-stimulating hormone were measured in all subjects. Basal energy expenditure and cardiorespiratory fitness were measured using a K4 analyzer. Cardiorespiratory fitness ( VO(2max)/kg) was assessed using a treadmill graded exercise test. Peak aerobic capacity ( VO(2max)/kg) was predicted by body fat distribution, insulin sensitivity index, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol ( p<0.001). A significant relationship was found between cardiorespiratory fitness ( VO(2max)/kg) and body mass index (BMI), insulin sensitivity index, and LDL cholesterol ( r=0.60, p<0.05; r=0.66, p<0.01 and r=0.54, p<0.05, respectively). Data demonstrated that aerobic fitness is related to metabolic parameters and to body fat distribution, and suggest that its modification may improve well-known predictors of coronary artery disease.
Acta Diabetol 2003 Oct
PMID:Lipid profile, BMI, body fat distribution, and aerobic fitness in men with metabolic syndrome. 1461 52

Morbid obesity is frequently associated with other characteristics of metabolic syndrome and is related to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This study aimed at evaluating time-course changes in body weight, body mass index (BMI), insulin sensitivity indexes and lipid profile in severely obese patients who underwent adjustable silicone gastric banding. We studied 19 obese subjects before and 6-36 months after surgery. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed in all non-diabetic patients. All subjects were evaluated using insulin sensitivity indexes (ISI-HOMA and QUICKI), lipid profile, and anthropometric parameters (WHR, WC, BMI), and body composition was assessed with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Most of the weight reduction occurred within the first 6-12 months, followed by near stabilisation or even weight regain. We found a significant decrease in fasting insulin, improvement in waist-hip ratio, reduction in BMI and fat mass percent. We observed an improvement in insulin sensitivity evaluated by means of ISI-HOMA and QUICKI. Bariatric surgery was an effective therapeutic approach for these obese patients because it reduced both weight and insulin resistance, along with improving metabolic parameters. Improvement in metabolic parameters appears to precede body weight reduction.
Acta Diabetol 2003 Oct
PMID:Morbid obesity: evaluation of metabolic indexes after adjustable silicone gastric banding. 1461 89

Prevention of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes ideally should start a long time before the diagnosis of diabetes since type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis have a common background of metabolic syndrome. Identifying subjects with metabolic syndrome and beginning with lifestyle and drug interventions in such subjects would most probably delay the development of both diabetes and atherosclerosis. After the clinical diagnosis of diabetes, it is necessary to continue with multifactorial interventions targeted on risk factors, such as hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. Some interventions appear to have a benefit beyond the effect on risk factors. Effects of these interventions can be explained by their influence on some pathogenic mechanisms, such as insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. Multifactorial interventions decrease the incidence of macrovascular disease in diabetes at least by one-half and should be routinely used in the majority of patients with type 2 diabetes.
Acta Diabetol 2003 Dec
PMID:Pharmacological treatment of diabetic patients with respect to prevention of macrovascular disease. 1470 65

Type 2 diabetes is increasing in epidemic proportions worldwide, and is strongly associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hyperglycaemia increases risk of CVD, but glycaemic control does not substantially reduce CVD risk. There are several potential explanations for this apparent paradox, including the roles of the metabolic syndrome and post-load hyperglycaemia in the association of type 2 diabetes and CVD.
Acta Diabetol 2003 Dec
PMID:Epidemiology of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. 1470 69


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