Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0948265 (metabolic syndrome)
 24,271 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Antipsychotics remain the standard of care for individuals with schizophrenia, despite their association with adverse effects including extrapyramidal symptoms, metabolic syndrome and agranulocytosis. While the biological mechanisms underlying these side effects remain unresolved, it has been proposed that oxidative stress may play a role in their development. The aim of this study was to evaluate markers of oxidative stress associated with first- and second-generation antipsychotics, focusing on protein and lipid oxidation and expression of the antioxidant proteins peroxiredoxin-2 and peroxiredoxin-6. Following 28-day administration of haloperidol, clozapine or saline to adult rats, brain grey matter, white matter, serum and liver samples were obtained and lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, peroxiredoxin-2 and peroxiredoxin-6 levels quantified. In grey matter, peroxiredoxin-6 was significantly increased in the haloperidol-exposed animals, with a trend towards increased lipid peroxidation also observed in this group. In liver, lipid peroxidation was increased in the clozapine-exposed animals, with a similar trend noted in the haloperidol group. Antipsychotics did not produce significant changes in serum or white matter. Our results suggest that haloperidol and clozapine may induce oxidative stress in brain and liver, respectively, consistent with the documented adverse effects of these agents.
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PMID:Effects of haloperidol and clozapine administration on oxidative stress in rat brain, liver and serum. 2568 43

The peroxiredoxin (PRDX) family, a new family of proteins with a pivotal antioxidative function, is ubiquitously synthesized and abundantly identified in various organisms. In contrast to the intracellular localization of other family members (PRDX1/2/3/5/6), PRDX4 is the only known secretory form and protects against oxidative damage by scavenging reactive oxygen species in both the intracellular (especially the endoplasmic reticulum) compartments and the extracellular space. We generated unique human PRDX4 (hPRDX4) transgenic (Tg) mice on a C57BL/6J background and investigated the critical and diverse protective roles of PRDX4 against diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as well as evaluated its role in the intestinal function in various animal models. Our published data have shown that PRDX4 helps prevent the progression of metabolic syndrome by reducing local and systemic oxidative stress and synergistically suppressing steatosis, inflammatory reactions, and/or apoptotic activity. These observations suggest that Tg mice may be a useful animal model for studying the relevance of oxidative stress on inflammation and the dysregulation of lipid/bile acid/glucose metabolism upon the progression of human metabolic syndrome, and that specific accelerators of PRDX4 may be useful as therapeutic agents for ameliorating various chronic inflammatory diseases.
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PMID:Peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4): Its critical in vivo roles in animal models of metabolic syndrome ranging from atherosclerosis to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 2934 49