Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0948265 (metabolic syndrome)
 24,271 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Prehypertension is the category of blood pressure (BP) defined as systolic BP between 120 and 139 mmHg and diastolic BP between 85 and 89 mmHg. Prehypertension is a continuum to hypertension and is emerging as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The definition of the cardiometabolic syndrome is a cluster of several risk factors such as abdominal obesity, prehypertension or hypertension, dyslipidemia and prediabetes. Prevention by lifestyle intervention and also treatment of individual components is recommended, given that most subjects with metabolic syndrome fall into the high-risk category. There are several studies with dietary approaches, which showed that these approaches helped in stopping the progression of hypertension and also improved the metabolic conditions. Several large trials are under way to study several antihypertensive drugs to delay the development of hypertension. Identifying early cardiovascular disease in asymptomatic individuals provides a better guide to the need for individualized preventive therapy than traditional risk factor assessment.
 ...
PMID:Prehypertension and the cardiometabolic syndrome: pathological and clinical consequences. 2450 3

Prehypertension (pHTN) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are both lifestyle diseases that are potentiated by increased adiposity, as both disease processes are closely related to weight. In the case of pHTN, increased adiposity causes dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) as well as adipokine- and leptin-associated increases in adrenergic tone. In MetS, excess weight potentiates hyperglycemia and insulin resistance which causes positive feedback into the RAAS system, activates an inflammatory cascade that potentiates atherosclerosis, and causes lipid dysregulation which together contribute to cardiovascular disease, especially coronary heart disease (CHD) and heart failure (HF). The relationship with all-cause mortality is not as clear-cut in part because of some protective effects associated with the obesity paradox in chronic diseases such as CHD and HF. However, in healthy populations, the absence of excess weight and its associated effects on prehypertension and MetS are associated with a longer absolute and disease-free lifespan.
 ...
PMID:Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Prehypertension and the Metabolic Syndrome. 2951 7

Hypertension in childhood leads to hypertension in adult life, the strongest risk factor being obesity. This study determined the prevalence of primary hypertension and its risk factors in Grade XII learners in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, from March 2016 to June 2017. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), random finger prick cholesterol and glucose, and spot urine for an albumin : creatinine ratio were measured. An average of three separate blood pressure readings taken was at least 5 minutes apart. Five hundred and sixty-four learners had weight, height, and BMI; 536 had random blood glucose; and 545 had cholesterol and random spot urine albumin : creatinine ratios measured. Prehypertension was detected in 168 (29.7%) and hypertension in 77 (13.7%) of learners. Ninety (15.9%) were overweight and 75 (13,3%) were obese. Hypercholesterolaemia was present in 58 (10.8%) and a high spot random urine albumin : creatinine ratio in 5 (1.0%). None had a high blood glucose level. Both prehypertension and hypertension in all learners showed a significant increase with increasing BMI. Six (1.0%) learners had metabolic syndrome. Female learners in other racial groups (defined as Indian, mixed race, and White learners), overweight, and obese learners showed significantly higher rates of hypercholesterolaemia. We showed overweight and obesity as risk factors for prehypertension and hypertension. This presages the need for an appropriate diet and adequate exercise in a child's school career.
 ...
PMID:Prevalence of Primary Hypertension and Risk Factors in Grade XII Learners in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. 3005 6