Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0948265 (metabolic syndrome)
 24,271 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cardiovascular disease is by far the most common complication of type 2 diabetes and also the most serious one. Suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus not only dramatically increases the risk of cardiovascular disease but is also associated with poor survival, both acutely and in the long term after a myocardial infarction. In fact, total mortality from coronary artery disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus, without a previous myocardial infarction, is as high as that of non-diabetic individuals with a previous infarction. Intense research efforts have thus been directed towards exploring the reasons for why particularly type 2 diabetic patients have such a poor prognosis suffering from cardiovascular disease. Obesity-related type 2 diabetes ("diabesity"), including the metabolic syndrome, is rapidly rising in prevalence. About 80% of all type 2 diabetes co-exists with insulin resistance. Endothelial dysfunction is a ubiquitous abnormality in insulin-resistant states that might contribute to premature atherosclerosis in a multifactorial and complex way. Low grade inflammation may play a role in development insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes and it has been proposed that atherosclerosis is basically an inflammatory disease. Thus, the pathophysiology of insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome, and atherosclerosis may share inflammatory basis as a common denominator. Also, insulin resistance is not confined to skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and the liver, but also to the endothelium. Insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction co-exist, where chronic inflammation may be a crucial factor. Accordingly, the possibility that physical activity or pharmacological agents that increase insulin sensitivity also improve endothelial function, or vice versa, has been investigated. Many different alterations in life style and drugs that improve endothelial function are known to lower the risk of contracting diabetes. In this review, the pharmacological treatment available against type 2 diabetes mellitus is discussed with particular emphasis on its impact on the endothelium.
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PMID:Hypoglycemic pharmacological treatment of type 2 diabetes: targeting the endothelium. 1903 7

Nowadays we know that psoriasis is more than "skin deep": it is considered a systemic disease. An increasing number of studies on the pathogenesis of psoriasis have shown that this disease is associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Psoriasis appears to be a risk factor for the development of these diseases. That is why the concept of "psoriatic march" was proposed to demonstate that severe psoriasis may cause cardiovascular diseases. Many epidemiological studies have shown frequent coexistence of metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension and diseases of the cardiovascular system) in patients with severe course of psoriasis. Additionally, we observe a frequent coexistence of autoimmune disorders and cancers in patients with psoriasis. Suffering from psoriasis causes impaired self-esteem and depressive disorders. It is a source of stress for the patients, making them more likely to use alcohol or cigarettes.
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PMID:[Psoriasis and comorbidity--literature review]. 2603 Sep 58