Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0948265 (metabolic syndrome)
 24,271 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Testicular cancer is the most common solid tumor among men aged 15-35 years. The introduction of cisplatin-based chemotherapy has resulted in a cure rate of over 95% for men with testicular cancer, which has put increased emphasis on understanding the morbidity associated with chemotherapy. Hematological, gastrointestinal, gonadal, otological, renal, neurological, and pulmonary toxicities are the most common acute adverse effects. Although most patients recover, some of these effects can persist after the chemotherapy regimen has been completed and can become chronic problems. The late complications associated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy include secondary malignancies, cardiovascular disease, avascular necrosis, and cognitive impairment. Late complications can have considerable effects on survival and quality of life, so close monitoring of patients is critical for the early diagnosis of late adverse effects and to limit associated damage. All patients should adopt a healthy lifestyle and follow age-appropriate cancer screening programs. Hormonal supplementation should be considered for those with a low testosterone level, in order to reduce the risk of sexual dysfunction and metabolic syndrome. Prompt diagnosis of avascular necrosis is essential, and it should be considered in the differential diagnosis for any long-term testicular cancer survivor complaining of hip pain. Finally, sperm cryopreservation should be discussed with all patients before chemotherapy is initiated.
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PMID:Complications associated with chemotherapy in testicular cancer management. 2140 62

Hepatocellular carcinoma, the most frequent solid tumor of the liver, has a very poor prognosis, being the second most common cause of death from cancer worldwide. The incidence and mortality of this liver tumor are increasing in most areas of the world as a consequence of aging and the emerging of new risk factors such as the metabolic syndrome, beside the recognized role of hepatitis B and C viral infections and alcohol abuse. Despite the increasing knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatic carcinogenesis, effective therapeutic strategies are still an unmet clinical need. Efforts have been made to develop selective drugs as well as effective targeted drug delivery systems. The development of novel drug carriers for therapeutic molecules can indeed offer a valuable strategy to ameliorate the efficacy of HCC treatment. In this review, we discuss recent drug delivery strategies for HCC treatment based on the exploitation of targeted nanoparticles (NPs). Indeed, a few of these platforms have achieved an advanced stage of preclinical development. Here, we review the most promising drug nanovehicles based on both synthetic and natural polymers, including polysaccharides that have emerged for their biocompatibility and biodegradability. To maximize site-selectivity and therapeutic efficacy, drug delivery systems should be functionalized with ligands which can specifically recognize and bind targets expressed by HCC, namely cell membrane associated antigens, receptors or biotransporters. Cell surface and intracellular molecular targets are exploited either to selectively deliver drug-loaded nanovehicles or to design novel selective therapeutics. In conclusion, the combination of novel and safe drug delivery strategies based on site-specific targeted drug nanovehicles with therapeutic molecular targets may significantly improve the pharmacological efficacy for the treatment of HCC.
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PMID:New molecular targets for functionalized nanosized drug delivery systems in personalized therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. 2905 Oct 62