Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0920646 (renal ischemia)
 2,515 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To investigate the functional role of renal intrinsic antioxidant enzymes (AOEs), the levels of AOE activities in isolated glomeruli and the changes in renal function to oxidant insults were assessed in normal control rats (NC, N = 23) and rats subjected to 30-minutes of complete renal ischemia for three days (day-3, N = 20) or six days (day-6, N = 23) prior to study. When compared to NC, the activities of total and manganese (cyanide-insensitive) superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase were increased more than twofold in day-6 animals, on average, from 36 +/- 4 U/mg protein, 9 +/- 1 U/mg protein, 129 +/- 21 U/mg protein and 1.32 +/- 0.20 k/mg protein, respectively, to 80 +/- 5, 27 +/- 3, 283 +/- 41 and 3.20 +/- 0.20, respectively (P less than 0.05 for all). There were no changes in AOE activities in day-3 animals. In day-6 animals, however, the activities of non-AOEs, LDH and fumarase were found to be unaffected. Separate groups of NC (N = 12), day-3 (N = 5) and day-6 (N = 12) rats were subjected to either 30 minutes of ischemia plus 60 minutes of reperfusion (I/R) or unilateral i.a. infusion of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 35 mu moles in 1 hr). The degree of reduction in inulin and para-amino hippurate clearance rates following I/R were significantly less in day-6 (-21 +/- 3% and -12 +/- 2, respectively) compared to NC (-69 +/- 9% and -59 +/- 11, respectively) or day-3 rats (-73 +/- 7% and -62 +/- 10, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Role of intrinsic antioxidant enzymes in renal oxidant injury. 240 19

Many models have been developed to study renal function following injury. Two types of studies have evolved: acute--to define the acute renal injury and chronic--to determine the pattern of recovery. Current models allow either study alone to be performed, but they lack the flexibility to combine the studies. In this study of renal ischemia, a model was designed which solved this problem. The authors constructed a model for performing a unilateral nephrectomy and episiotomy on female dogs. Catheters were placed in the renal vein, vena cava, and aorta, and a renal artery flow cuff was applied. The catheters and wires were buried in a subcutaneous pocket and were exteriorized after a recovery of several weeks. The episiotomy allowed easy intermittent Foley catheterization. With the animals awake and in a harness, parameters of renal function were measured: renal extraction, filtration fraction, fractional excretion, osmolar clearance, and free water clearance. Glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow were calculated by inulin and paramino hippurate clearances. The animals were studied in diuretic and antidiuretic states. In addition, renal artery flow was determined by the Doppler flow cuff. All parameters were determined every half hour in the acute setting, then every day in the chronic setting. The model was easily reproducible and functioned well in the authors' renal ischemia studies. Initial experiments with 1 hour of warm ischemia produced a greater than 50 per cent reduction in GFR acutely. Chronic studies showed a GFR with a return toward normal. All model construction purposes and plans were met.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:A new model to study acute and chronic renal failure. 378 43

The influence of dihydralazine, propranolol, clonidine, furosemide and reserpine on the clearance of I125 hippurate in rats in alcohol intoxication was investigated. It was found that both in acute and subacute ethanol intoxication the renal blood flow was impeded. Reserpine and propranolol did not significantly change the half time of I125 hippurate in blood both in animals treated and not treated with alcohol. Furosemide prolonged the clearance of hippurate and increased kidney ischemia in alcohol intoxication. Dihydralazine and clonidine increased the effective renal blood flow in normal animals but not in acute and subacute ethanol intoxication.
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PMID:Effects of some hypotensive drugs on the clearance of I125 hippurate in rats after acute and subacute ethanol intoxication. 668 71