Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0917816 (mental retardation)
 15,867 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 45-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of generalized seizure. He had epilepsy and mental retardation since age of two. On admission temperature was 37.9 degrees C but, nuchal rigidity and Kernig's sign were not present. There were no other abnormal findings on physical examination. Neurological examination revealed consciousness disturbance, generalized seizure and mental retardation. Right hemiparesis gradually developed after generalized seizure. Laboratory data did not show any abnormalites to induce cerebral venous thrombosis. A brain MRI revealed hyperintensity on T2-weighted images and slightly enhanced on T1-weighted images in the left frontal lobe, using Gd-DTPA. An increased signal was also noted in the superior sagittal sinus on T1-weighted images. The superior sagittal sinus was patent but the cortical vein in the left frontal lobe was not demonstrated on cerebral angiography. A diagnosis of an isolated cortical vein thrombosis was made by exploratory craniotomy. Anticoagulation with heparin was started. Although the cortical vein thrombosis usually co-exsists with dural sinus thrombosis, an isolated cortical vein thrombosis like this case was rather rare. A case with cerebral venous thrombosis localized only in the left frontal cortical vein is reported, but definitive etiology is not known.
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PMID:[A case with an isolated cortical vein thrombosis]. 904 55

A 5-month-old girl presented with enlargement of the head circumference. Neurological examination revealed right hemiparesis and bulging of the anterior fontanel. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium DTPA showed a well-enhanced, huge tumor extending from the left frontal lobe to the parietal lobe. Cerebral angiography showed the main feeding arteries were the central sulcus artery and the posterior parietal artery. The tumor was totally removed using a sulcotomy and temporary clipping of these feeding arteries to control bleeding. The histological diagnosis was anaplastic astrocytoma. Postoperative radiation therapy was avoided so as to prevent the side effect of radiation therapy such as mental retardation and growth impairment. Chemotherapy using VP-16 and CDDP was given every six months as adjunct therapy. No tumor recurrence has been recognized for over a period of 2 years and 5 months after surgery and growth and mental development have been satisfactory. Total removal using great care not to damage neurological function followed by postoperative chemotherapy is the treatment of preference to obtain good prognosis and quality of survival in infant with such tumors.
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PMID:[A case of infantile anaplastic astrocytoma treated with surgery and chemotherapy]. 943 Jan 49