Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0917801 (insomnia)
 10,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recently, unusual examples of tumors of the mixed glioneuronal type have been reported, including the papillary glioneuronal tumor (PGNT). A 23-year-old woman with a 2-3 months history of headache and insomnia presented with a tumor. Neuroimaging showed a right temporal lobe cystic tumor with a mural nodule enhanced by contrast medium. She underwent gross total resection of the tumor. The tumor was histologically marked by a mixture of glial and neural components. A pseudopapillary component was comprised of highly hyalinized vessels surrounded by a single layer of thin spindle cells stained for glial fibrillary acidic protein. Specific abortive glial cells stained for vimentin/S-100 protein accompanied pseudopapillary structure. Intervening neural areas were occupied by neural cells of varying size, including neurocyte-like cell and ganglionic cells. Ganglionic cells demonstrated abnormal cluster, lack of normal polarity and epiperikaryal immunoreactivity for synaptophysin staining suggesting neural neoplastic nature. No mitotic activity or necrosis was noted. A MIB-1 labeling index was 1.8%. Our patient remains free of disease 33 months after surgical treatment.
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PMID:[Papillary glioneuronal tumor with highly degenerative pseudopapillary structure accompanied by specific abortive glial cells: a case report]. 1465 90

Cognitive dysfunction is characterized as the gradual loss of learning ability and cognitive function, as well as memory impairment. Jiao-tai-wan (JTW), a Chinese medicine prescription including Coptis chinensis and cinnamon, is mainly used for the treatment of insomnia, while the effect of JTW in improving cognitive function has not been reported. In this study, we employed a scopolamine- (SCOP-) treated learning and memory deficit model to explore whether JTW could alleviate cognitive dysfunction. In behavioral experiments, Morris water maze, Y-maze, fearing condition test, and novel object discrimination test were conducted. Results showed that oral administration of JTW (2.1 g/kg, 4.2 g/kg, and 8.4 g/kg) can effectively promote the ability of spatial recognition, learning and memory, and the memory ability of fresh things of SCOP-treated mice. In addition, the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was effectively decreased; the activity of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and concentration of acetylcholine (Ach) were improved after JTW treatment in both hippocampus and cortex of SCOP-treated mice. JTW effectively ameliorated oxidative stress because of decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in hippocampus and cortex. Furthermore, JTW promotes the expressions of neurotrophic factors including postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) and synaptophysin (SYN) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in both hippocampus and cortex. Nissl's staining shows that the neuroprotective effect of JTW was very effective. To sum up, JTW might be a promising candidate for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction.
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PMID:Jiao-Tai-Wan Improves Cognitive Dysfunctions through Cholinergic Pathway in Scopolamine-Treated Mice. 3005 Sep 27