Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0917801 (insomnia)
 10,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Carisoprodol (Somadril) was gradually withdrawn for a fortnight in nine male prisoners who had been taking daily doses of from 700 to 2,100 mg for at least nine months. The patients were assessed clinically during the withdrawal period, with special attention to the occurrence of abstinence symptoms. Most of the patients reported mental distress, such as anxiety, insomnia and irritability. Cranial and muscular pain and vegetative symptoms were also frequently reported. Most of these symptoms were transient, and no seizures or psychotic reactions occurred. Our information from drug addicts indicates that carisoprodol can be misused as a narcotic. The occurrence of abstinence symptoms during withdrawal supports this supposition. We propose a more gradual reduction of the doses when terminating medication with carisoprodol in general practice.
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PMID:[Dependence on carisoprodol (Somadril)? A prospective withdrawal study among prisoners]. 199 78

Carisoprodol is a commonly used centrally acting muscle relaxant. A number of case reports have suggested that the drug may have abuse potential, presumably because it is metabolized to the anxiolytic drug, meprobamate, which is a controlled substance at the federal level. Two recent case reports described symptoms of withdrawal after the cessation of carisoprodol. We present two additional cases that support the concept of a withdrawal syndrome with this drug. Symptoms of carisoprodol withdrawal include anxiety, tremulousness, insomnia, jitteriness, muscle twitching, and hallucinations. These symptoms are most likely caused by withdrawal from the meprobamate that accumulates after large amounts of carisoprodol are ingested. Although carisoprodol is not a controlled substance at the federal level, clinicians should be aware of its significant potential for abuse.
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PMID:Is the frequency of carisoprodol withdrawal syndrome increasing? 1789 2

Carisoprodol (N-isopropyl-2 methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol dicarbamate; N-isopropylmeprobamate) is a centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose primary active metabolite is meprobamate, a substance with well established abuse potential similar to that of benzodiazepines. A number of reports show that carisoprodol has been abused for its sedative and relaxant effects, to augment or alter the effects of other drugs, and by the intentional combination of carisoprodol and other noncontrolled medications because of the relative ease (as compared to controlled substances) of obtaining prescriptions. The diversion and abuse of carisoprodol and its adverse health effects appear to have dramatically increased over the last several years. Clinicians have begun to see a withdrawal syndrome consisting of insomnia, vomiting, tremors, muscle twitching, anxiety, and ataxia in patients who abruptly cease intake of large doses of carisoprodol. Hallucinations and delusions may also occur. The withdrawal symptoms are very similar to those previously described for meprobamate withdrawal, suggesting that what may actually be occurring is withdrawal from meprobamate accumulated as a result of intake of excessive amounts of carisoprodol. However carisoprodol itself is capable of modulating GABA(A) function, and this may contribute both to the drugs abuse potential and to the occurrence of a withdrawal syndrome with abrupt cessation of intake. Carisoprodol has been classified as a controlled substance in several states in the US and restrictions on the use of the drug have been imposed in some European countries. Carisoprodol is metabolized to a controlled substance, has clear evidence of abuse potential and increasing incidence of abuse, and has shown evidence of a withdrawal syndrome with abrupt cessation from intake. This article will discuss the abuse potential of carisoprodol and the associated withdrawal syndrome, and consider implications for future use of the drug.
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PMID:Carisoprodol: abuse potential and withdrawal syndrome. 2008 17

Carisoprodol is a centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose active metabolite is meprobamate. There have been few reports of carisoprodol abuse from India. This is a report of a case with carisoprodol dependence. The patient also had poly substance abuse of alcohol, nicotine, benzodiazepine and dextropropoxyphene. Although no specific withdrawal syndrome could be identified, the patient had symptoms of anxiety, insomnia, restlessness and craving. Clinicians must be aware of the dependence potential of carisoprodol and need to be cautious in its prescription, especially in view of its free availability in the Indian market.
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PMID:A case report of carisoprodol dependence. 2140 39