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Query: UMLS:C0917801 (insomnia)
 10,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effectiveness of tiapride on psychic disorders was studied in 30 chronic alcoholics by assessing four parameters: sleep disturbances, mood disorders, conduct disturbances, and tremor. In a daily dosage of 600 to 900 mg tiapride proved particularly effective on insomnia, anxiety, passivity and tremor, without adverse side-effects. This drug seems useful for controlling psychic disorders in alcoholics and for motivating acceptance of a detoxification program.
Sem Hop 1982 Sep 23
PMID:[Study of the effectiveness of tiapride on psychic disorders in alcoholics]. 629 77

A study was carried out in a rural area of Senegal to ascertain the pattern of mental disorders among patients presenting at primary health facilities. Among 545 children aged 5-15 years, attending health centres and posts, 17% were found to be suffering from some form of emotional problem, behaviour disturbance or neuro-psychiatric disorders. Using a 10-item screening questionnaire, it was shown that the symptoms "never plays with others' and "speech disturbance' were the strongest predictors of mental disorder among children. Among 933 adults, it was found that 16% reported more than seven symptoms commonly associated with psychiatric illness on a 24-item self-reporting questionnaire. The order in adults does not allow a precise estimate of morbidity to be made. Health workers diagnosed 9% of the patients as suffering from a mental health problem, usually in association with a physical problem. It was found that psychotic and suicidal symptoms (e.g. hallucinations, delusions) were more likely to be recognized by health workers as diagnostic of mental disorder, whereas psychophysiological symptoms (e.g. anorexia, insomnia, headache) and psychological symptoms (e.g. anxiety, depression) were less frequently recognized. The study supports the view that psychological symptoms and mental disorders occur relatively frequently among adults and children attending primary health facilities. Data allowing insight into the diagnostic sensitivity of primary health workers can provide a rational basis for planning training programmes in mental health.
Afr J Med Med Sci 1982 Sep
PMID:Diagnosis and symptoms of mental disorder in a rural area of Senegal. 630 31

The use of tricyclic antidepressants as opposed to hypnotics in treating insomnia is reviewed. Available data indicate that TCAs alleviate sleep disturbances related to depression (often before antidepressant effects are seen) and, in selected cases, may prove effective in disturbed sleep related to sleep apnea, fibrositis, and sleep related bruxism, as well as in adults with childhood onset insomnia or a history of hyperkinesis. However, TCAs share many of the problems reported for hypnotics, as well as having some potentially serious side effects not present with benzodiazepines. The need for determination of the etiology of sleep disorders, and specific pharmacotherapy directed toward identified causes rather than the symptom of insomnia, is stressed.
J Clin Psychiatry 1983 Sep
PMID:Tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of insomnia. 635 74

Mean sleep onset latency was reduced from 124 to 29 min in 15 patients suffering from insomnia secondary to cancer; 15 subjects receiving routine care had means of 116 and 104 min in comparison. Muscle relaxation training was administered in individual sessions on three consecutive days. With 26 subjects available for follow-up 3 months later, the mean differences in sleep latency continued. The relatively greater success in this study than previously reported for a behavioral treatment of insomnia is discussed in light of possible differences between primary insomniacs and those subjects with insomnia secondary to a medical disease.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 1983 Sep
PMID:Treatment of insomnia in cancer patients using muscle relaxation training. 635 70

52 patients with acute neurotic anxious and psychosomatic syndromes or chronic anxious and vegetative neuroses were treated orally with the combination drug Betamed (1 tablet contain 60 mg bupranolol and 2.5 mg diazepam). The optimum daily dosage are 2 to 3 tablets; duration of treatment ranged from 2 to 12 weeks. The most responsive target symptoms are psychogenic disorders of the cardiovascular system, anxiety and insomnia, while no antidepressive effect was observed. Clinical improvement is often observed 2 to 3 weeks after the onset of treatment, and dosage reduction is possible frequently. Rarely observed side effects are minimal and mainly occur within one week after onset of treatment. Controls performed 2 to 4 weeks after discontinuation of treatment revealed reactivation of symptoms only in some patients with chronic anxiety and vegetative syndromes. In addition to the easy application and excellent tolerance of the combination drug emphasis is given on the minimal danger of drug dependence.
Wien Med Wochenschr 1983 Sep 30
PMID:[Betamed in the treatment of psychogenic disorders with a somatic component]. 635 26

Mental health clinics, particularly the ones serving middle-aged and elderly patients, are usually confronted with serious problems of insomnia, which could trigger or aggravate physical or emotional ailments. It could also lead to drug dependence or contribute to polypharmacy. In this study, we have attempted to make a profile of the insomniacs of a VA Mental Hygiene Clinic and to correlate several variables found in common among the patients. Our work indicated that certain drugs such as benzodiazepines were more effective than others. It also indicated that certain types of insomnia, such as that with frequent awakenings, were more amenable to treatment.
South Med J 1984 Sep
PMID:Sleep disorders among psychiatric outpatients. 648 74

A dozen experimental studies have assessed the effectiveness of paradoxical interventions with agoraphobia, depression, insomnia and procrastination. The studies suggest that paradoxical interventions are more effective than no treatment and placebo treatment and are as effective and, in some instances, more effective than other behavioral interventions. Several studies show that the wording of paradoxical interventions affects their impact.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 1984 Sep
PMID:Experimental studies in explicitly paradoxical interventions: results and implications. 649 Sep 28

This article discusses the current and potential use of paradoxical interventions in behavioral medicine. Paradoxical interventions are considered to be of two types: intra-individual and interpersonal. Treatment indications differ for the two types of interventions. Intraindividual paradoxical interventions have been successful in the treatment of insomnia, psychogenic urinary retention and constipation. Interpersonal paradoxical interventions have been subjected to less empirical research, but have been useful in the treatment of anorexia nervosa and in family based interventions where medical patients maladaptively cope with their rehabilitation. Paradoxical procedures are also used in the treatment of sexual dysfunction and may be of value in pain management. Further possible applications as well as limitations of paradoxical interventions in behavioral medicine are discussed.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 1984 Sep
PMID:Paradoxical interventions in behavioral medicine. 649 Sep 30

In order to define possible food-provoking factors, we placed twenty-nine children with chronic atopic dermatitis on an elimination diet. The children remained on their normal diet for 2 weeks followed by 2 weeks on the elimination diet. Foods were then re-introduced at the rate of a new one every 2 days in an attempt to identify foods exacerbating eczema. Thirteen children (45%) completed the elimination diet and seven of these were improved on parental assessment of sleeplessness, itchiness and area of eczema. Five were improved on the dermatologist's assessment. Only two children were able to identify foods provoking their eczema. Sixteen children (55%) failed to complete the elimination diet. Eight felt it was too strict, while eight did not return for follow-up. From our experience, dietary manipulation in older children with chronic atopic dermatitis offers only limited long-term therapeutic gains.
Clin Allergy 1983 Sep
PMID:Experience with an elimination diet in children with atopic dermatitis. 662 24

This paper describes an experimental model for testing new products in a situation where sleep is impaired by a nonpharmacological procedure. This model consists in studying the effect of hypnogenic substances on sleep perturbations which take place when chronically implanted rats are moved to a novel individual cage, connected for the first time to their recording cable and dosed intragastrically with test products, vehicle or placebo. Continuous polygraphic recordings were taken throughout the daily treatment period (15 days) and scored for the presence of slow wave sleep (SWS), and rapid eye movement sleep (REM). The hourly vigilance stages were also computed to determine the parameters of their nycthemeral rhythms. In vehicle-treated rats, a decrease in SWS and REM values and a delay of SWS and REM phases of nycthemeral rhythms occurred on the first day as compared with the end of the recording period. Phenobarbital (5 mg/kg p.o.), mecloqualone (5 mg/kg p.o.) and a new benzodiazepine CM 7302 (7 mg/kg p.o.) led to an immediate or fast recovery, whereas no improvement was observed with placebo and with clorazepate dipotassium (9 mg/kg p.o.). This model can be considered as an attractive model for studying mild insomnia because it allows "true" hypnogenic drugs to be selected in a minimum amount of time.
Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1982 Sep
PMID:Mild insomnia induced by environmental perturbations in the rat: a study of this new model and of its possible applications in pharmacological research. 689 Dec 3


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