Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0917801 (insomnia)
 10,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1 This study was performed because dose-related effects of heroin on human sleep had not been described previously, and to discover if heroin produces a morphine-like insomnia. 2 After three adaptation nights, the sleep of seven male nondependent opiate addicts was studied following i.m. doses of heroin (3, 6, 12 mg/70 kg), morphine (10, 20 mg/70 kg) or placebo at weekly intervals in a randomized double-blind crossover design. 3 Heroin produces a dose-related increase in wakefulness, drowsiness episodes, muscle tension, and shifts in sleep-waking states. 4 Heroin produces a dose-related decrease in total sleep, sleep efficiency, delta sleep and REM sleep (REMS). 5 Heroin is about twice as potent as morphine in producing this type of insomnia. 6 'Morphine insomnia' appears to be a characteristic initial effect of several opioids, at least in nondependent opiate addicts, and might serve as a model insomnia for evaluation of hypnotics.
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PMID:Morphine-like insomnia from heroin in nondependent human addicts. 721 20

The aim of this double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous magnesium sulphate (MgSO(4)) on the need for chlormethiazole in pure or polysubstance opiate detoxification. Forty-one inpatients suffering from pure and polysubstance opiate dependence were treated with morphine sulphate pentahydrate in a gradual detoxification program. Morphine reduction took about 11 days. Additionally, 5% MgSO(4) was administered intravenously to the intervention group (Mg group, n=22) over 24 h by perfusor (150-200 mg MgSO(4)/h; plasma level of 2.36+/-0.29 mmol/l), whereas NaCl 0.9% was intravenously administered in the placebo group (n=19). In case of withdrawal symptoms (irritability, restlessness, and insomnia), patients received chlormethiazole p.o. Our hypothesis that the need for chlormethiazole would be decreased by adjunctive administration of Mg was not confirmed in our study population (2180 mg/day in the Mg group vs. 2360 mg/day in the placebo group). There was neither a difference in the quantity of chlormethiazole required nor a difference in the severity of withdrawal symptoms measured with the Wang scale between the two comparison groups. We observed that calcium plasma levels decreased and phosphate plasma levels increased significantly during intravenous therapy with Mg. Despite promising pilot studies, the administration of Mg did not enable a dose reduction of tranquilizing medication (chlormethiazole) in pure and polysubstance opiate detoxification.
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PMID:Effect of intravenous magnesium sulphate in reducing irritability and restlessness in pure and polysubstance opiate detoxification. 1589 81