Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0917801 (insomnia)
 10,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Zaleplon (Sonata) is an original hypnotic derived from the pyrazolopyrimidine with a full agonistic activity on central benzodiazepine receptors B21 type. Zaleplon is characterized by an extremely short half-life (about 1 hour). At the 10 mg dose, it is an affective sleep inducer with limited risks of disturbances in morning performance. It is particularly suitable for the treatment of initial insomnia when the prescription of an hypnotic is justified.
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PMID:[Pharma-clinics. Drug of the month. Zaleplon (Sonata)]. 1054 1

Eszopiclone (Lunesta) is effective for treatment of insomnia for at least 6 months, with no evidence of tolerance, dependence or abuse. It has caused mild, transient memory impairment in some patients. No studies are available comparing eszopiclone with similar drugs like zolpidem (Ambien) or zaleplon (Sonata).
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PMID:Eszopiclone (Lunesta), a new hypnotic. 1576 72

According to the National Institutes of Health, approximately 30 percent of all Americans complain of sleep disruption, while 10 percent display symptoms congruent with chronic insomnia. One of the most common treatments for insomnia is prescription sleep medications that help people fall asleep and remain asleep. Historically barbiturates were initially popular for treating insomnia, but their long "hangover" effect made them easily replaced with the introduction of the benzodiazepines. Triazolam (Halcion), diazepam (Valium), and oxazepam (Serax) rapidly became the treatment of choice for insomnia. Recently a new class of nonbenzodiazepines---the "z-sedatives"--has overtaken the older benzodiazepines as the most commonly prescribed sleep medications. The three most popular z-drugs are zolpidem (Ambien), zaleplon (Sonata), and eszopiclone (Lunesta). The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) also recently approved the production of zolpidem tartrate, a generic form of Ambien. Many dentists prescribe these medications for patients who have difficulty sleeping the night prior to an appointment or as a procedural sedative. With 43 million prescriptions for sleep medications filled in 2005, generating $2.7 billion for pharmaceutical companies, it is important that dentists be aware of these drugs' mechanism of action and potential drug interactions.
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PMID:What every dentist should know about the "z-sedatives". 1806 95

Zaleplon (Sonata) is a sedative hypnotic prescription medication used for the short-term treatment of insomnia. Although Zaleplon was approved by the FDA in 1999, there has been limited postmortem information about the drug cited in the toxicology literature. Zaleplon was separated from postmortem biological specimens utilizing liquid-liquid extraction coupled with a solid-phase extraction technique, and detection was accomplished by a gas chromatography-electron capture detector. The method was linear from 5.0 to 150 ng/mL with the limit of quantitation and detection determined to be 3.0 and 0.50 ng/mL, respectively. The postmortem tissue distribution of zaleplon in seven cases was as follows: 6.1-1490 ng/mL central blood (seven cases), < 3.0-503 ng/mL femoral blood (five cases), 108 ng/mL harvest blood (one case), 343-679 ng/g liver (four cases), 950 ng/g spleen (one case), < 3.0-85 ng/mL bile (three cases), 3.8-106 ng/mL urine (four cases), < 3.0-486 ng/mL vitreous humor (five cases), and 0.005-3.4 mg total gastric contents (four cases). A validated method for the analysis of zaleplon and postmortem concentrations of autopsy specimens are reported to aid the forensic toxicologist with interpretation of future casework.
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PMID:Zaleplon (Sonata) analysis in postmortem specimens by gas chromatography-electron capture detection. 1987 56