Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0917801 (insomnia)
 10,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

40 patients with essential hypertension were subjected to an analysis of efficacy and safety of the three-component-combination Briserin (Reserpine, Clopamide, Dihydroergocristine). After double-blind and randomized allocation, one group received the two constituents Reserpine/Clopamide, another the full combination Briserin and a third first Reserpine/Clopamide and Briserin afterwards. Both types of treatment proved equi-effective in terms of blood pressure reduction with the blood pressure values falling below 150/90 mm Hg within one week. The most important finding resided in the improved orthostatic tolerance due to Briserin. Maximal systolic pressure drop during standing and the tachycardia associated were significantly reduced by Briserin, i.e. by the influence of Dihydroergocristine. In addition, there was a corresponding difference in terms of subjective complaints due to orthostasis. The same held true for general symptoms related to hypertension such as headache, dizziness, undue tiredness and sleeplessness. Patients preferred treatment with Briserin as compared to the other regimen. The discussion deals with the clinical-pharmacological impact of the orthostatic regulation quality within the framework of antihypertensive treatment.
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PMID:[Hypertension therapy with Briserin: what role do dihydroergocristine components play?]. 679 82

Reserpine, the purified alkaloid of Rauwolfia serpentina, was the first potent drug widely used in the long-term treatment of hypertension. Rauwolfia serpentina is a tropical woody plant of the Apocyanaceae family ingenious to Asia, South America and Africa. Extracts of its different parts and of plants resembling to rauwolfia were used in Hindu medicine for snakebite, insomnia, insanity and many other diseases and complaints. In Europe, Georg Eberhard Rumpf first reported about rauwolfia in his Herbarium amboinense, 1755. The first modern paper about therapeutic applications of the whole root of rauwolfia was published in 1931 in the Indian Medical Journal by Sen and Bose, and many papers dealing with botanics, chemistry and pharmacology then appeared in Indian and European periodics. In 1949, Vakil published the first report of the antihypertensive effect of rauwolfia in the British Heart Journal. In the Ciba laboratories in Basel, Switzerland, Mueller, Schlittler and Bein analysed various rauwolfia alkaloids and published in 1952 the first complete report about their chemistry and pharmacology. In the same year, reserpine was introduced under the name Serpasil in the treatment of hypertension, tachycardia and thyreotoxicosis. The combination of reserpine, dihydroergocristine and a diuretic is still on the market (Brinerdin, Crystepin). In psychiatry, reserpine was prescribed as a tranqulizing agent until modem synthetic antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs were introduced. The author also briefly summarizes the chemistry, pharmacology and clinical use of reserpine.
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PMID:[Milestones of cardiovascular therapy. IV. Reserpine]. 1772 43

Reserpine, a natural product extracted from Rauwolfia serpintina or Rauwolfia vomitoria, is a known dopamine depleter that inhibits several neurotransmitters. Reserpine has been used clinically to control hypertension, schizophrenia, insomnia and insanity. The use of this drug, however, has been limited because of its side effects which include oxidative damage to organs, including the liver. Green tea catechins are potent antioxidants that have the potential to counteract reserpine induced oxidative stress. This study investigated the merits of administering green tea concurrently with reserpine to prevent oxidative hepatic damage in Sprague-Dawely (SD) rats. Reserpine was found to cause hepatic damage, with elevated levels of oxidative stress markers, such as Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS), transaminases and cholesterol. Reserpine also induced hepatic ultra-structural damage in the cytoplasmic membrane, nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum (rER), ribosomal stripping and mitochondria. Electron microscopy examination showed revival of liver cells as a result of green tea extract administration to experimental rats.
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PMID:Green tea modulates reserpine toxicity in animal models. 1918 37