Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0917801 (insomnia)
 10,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of methamphetamine dependence was presented, who had used a large amount of the drug for a long time during both of the first and the second period of its prevalence. He led a socially and psychologically stable life with neither drug habits nor episodes of flash-back phenomenon in 20's and 30's of his age. While in the former period of the prevalence, visual illusion had occurred in him 3 months after the first injection of the drug, in the latter, auditory hallucination occurred in a month after the initiation of the reinjection. This hallucination was so invasive and persistent that he became insomniac and could not keep stable daily life. Recently the auditory hallucination has disappeared by the reinjection of the drug, resulting in releasing him from the sufferings like insomnia, and then promoting the drug use more frequently. Even at the law court to decide the penalty against his illegal drug use, he recurrently insisted that methamphetamine was his necessity in order to be freed from the hallucination and keep stable daily life. He declared his intention not to abandon his drug habit in spite of any punishments. On the central nervous system (CNS) depressants such as the morphine- and barbiturate-type drug, the psychological dependence is brought about secondarily by the mechanism to avoid the withdrawal symptoms. On the other hand, the secondary development of psychological dependence through avoidance of the chronic toxicity by the acute drug effect itself, should be considered as one of the characteristics of the CNS stimulants like methamphetamine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Secondary development of psychological dependence in a methamphetamine dependent]. 185 88

The authors researched the demographic characteristics of 233 patients with methamphetamine-associated disorders, and the relation between years of methamphetamine use and symptoms of methamphetamine psychosis. The results were as follows: There were more male users than females. However there were signs that the female users were gradually increasing. Users tended to be older, but users in their 20's and 30's continued to be predominant. Their school careers were usually limited and most of them had left school at a young age. Relations with a particular social group (e.g. organized gangs) has given most of them a chance to use methamphetamine. The symptoms that were seen with high frequency at the first examination were anxiety, fretfulness, auditory hallucination, insomnia, irritability, psychomotor excitement, delusion of persecution, suspicion, delusion of reference, mistake of circumstance, loss of appetite, affective disorder, hypobulia and personality change. With these symptoms, there is a possibility that five years of methamphetamine use is the turning point in terms of the frequency of symptoms occurrence. It was suggested that affective and perceptual disorders depend on the dose of methamphetamine, but abnormalities in thought subject may be deeply influenced by the patient's "feeling of social wrong". Emotional exhilaration and euphoria decreased as the number of years of methamphetamine use increased. These phenomena may be an indication of tolerance. The symptoms that were seen with high frequency at the last examination were hypobulia, affective disorder, personality change, insomnia, anxiety and fretfulness. The symptoms that were highly resistant to treatment were hypobulia, affective disorder, personality change, general malaise, hypochondriasis, insomnia, anxiety and fretfulness. It was suggested that five years of methamphetamine use may be a turning point in the residual rate of symptoms at the last examination after treatment, and also the resistance rate to treatment. Hypobulia and personality change became more evident during treatment.
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PMID:[Relationship between years of methamphetamine use and symptoms of methamphetamine psychosis]. 222 83

We report two cases of severe withdrawal symptoms after abrupt discontinuation of a long-term normal-dose benzodiazepines (BZD) administration. Case 1, a 61-year-old man, suffered from delirium on the 7th day after abrupt discontinuation of nitrazepam, 10 mg/day. Case 2, a 49-year-old woman, suffered from auditory hallucination on the 4th day and visual cognitive disorder on the 5th day after abrupt discontinuation of nitrazepam, 5 mg/day, and triazolam, 0.5 mg/day. A withdrawal syndrome after discontinuation of normal-dose BZD is uncommon, and a psychotic withdrawal reaction is even more uncommon. We show how a continuous administration of BZD for a period of longer than 6 months and the presence of severe insomnia are risk factors predictive of a psychotic reaction. We also explain the predictive method used to determine the onset time of such a severe state. In the case of a psychotic state, we recommend intravenous diazepam injection. To prevent withdrawal reaction, we also recommend a gradual reduction after administration of normal-dose BZD.
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PMID:[Two cases of psychotic state following normal-dose benzodiazepine withdrawal]. 290 78

A 39-year old woman presented with hallucinatory paranoid state, particularly with erotomania, around September, 1988 (at the age of 39), and was hospitalized in a mental hospital for 9 days from May 1, 1989, to receive major tranquilizer therapy. At admission, the leukocyte count was 10,400/mm3 showing a mild leukocytosis, and there was temporary adynamia in the upper extremities. Thereafter, mild leukocytosis persisted intermittently. On May 12, 1989, the patient visited the Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kansai Medical University, and clinical examinations revealed mental symptoms including insomnia and erotomania, delusion of reference and auditory hallucination without persecutory taint. She showed clear consciousness and well understanding. Characteristically, her expression and behavior were smooth and emotional communication was available. There were neither alterations in her basic mood, nor flaccid association of idea. No abnormalities were seen in the hair and skin, and buffalo hump was not observed. Blood examination revealed a leukocyte count of 10,700/mm3, suggesting a mild leukocytosis. According to the patient, the menses have been regular. Although major tranquilizer therapy has been maintained, she gradually developed emotional instability, and tended to show fatigue and regressive changes in her personality. She was hospitalized in a mental hospital from October 25, 1989 to July 24, 1991. Since 1990, when she was in the hospital, she gradually developed obesity, hypertension, acne, and diabetes mellitus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of Cushing's disease: hallucinatory paranoid state preceding physical symptoms]. 793 10

A 54-year-old woman with chronic myelogeneous leukemia was admitted to our hospital on February 15th, 2001 to undergo allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). We started the transplantation preconditioning with busulfan and high-dose cyclophosphamide on February 22nd, 2001. However, symptoms of a psychiatric nature, such as hallucination, persecution complex, auditory hallucination and sleeplessness, occurred by the third day of treatment with busulfan. Thus, we decided to discontinue conditioning and stopped the administration of BMT at that point. However, pancytopenia persisted for more than 20 days. She finally underwent BMT followed by reduced-intensity conditioning with fludarabine and ATG from a sex-mismatched, HLA-identical sibling donor on April 19th, 2001. To prevent any exacerbation of the psychotic symptoms, the patient was hospitalized in a laminar flow instead of a bio-free room. Graft-versus-host disease occurred on the 32nd hospital day, and was brought under control by steroid treatment. Achievement of complete chimeras was confirmed on the 54th hospital day. Her mental condition was kept stable with antidepressant drugs and tranquilizers, although minor changes in the combination of drugs were required to treat transient exacerbation of psychosis after a short period at home. She was discharged on September 1st, 2001. We think that non-myeloablative stem cell transplantation is a useful treatment for patients with hematological malignancy complicated with psychiatric disorders.
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PMID:[Chronic myelogenous leukemia treated with non-myeloablative stem cell transplantation after discontinuing myeloablative stem cell transplantation due to mental aberrations]. 1222 28

An adult case of suspected recurrent measles encephalitis with psychiatric symptoms is reported. A 46-year-old woman developed measles encephalitis presenting as schizophreniform disorder and recovered three months after onset. However, approximately two years later, she suffered a relapse of encephalitis presenting with psychiatric symptoms (auditory hallucination, cenesthopathy, insomnia, depressive mood) and became comatose. Following ten days of symptomatic treatment, her clinical symptoms gradually improved. Three months later, she made a remarkable recovery without neurological sequelae. Since then, she has maintained good condition for six years. The diagnosis of suspected recurrent measles encephalitis was made on the basis of the change of anti-measles IgM antibody titers. Acute relapse of disseminated encephalomyelitis (ARDEM) and multiple sclerosis (MS) were ruled out due to no abnormal finding of cerebral white matter on MRI. Six years after the recurrent episode, the titers of anti-measles IgM antibodies (EIA) in the serum were still high, suggesting that she was suffering from a chronic measles virus infection. This patient should be followed up for a longer time because there is a possibility that she might be in the latent period of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE).
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PMID:[An adult case suspected of recurrent measles encephalitis with psychiatric symptoms]. 1467 80

A 21-year-old female presented excitement, auditory hallucination, monologue, and insomnia. After 1 week of risperidone administration, she showed hyperthermia, salivation, and muscle rigidity. Risperidone was discontinued, but stupor, convulsions, and respiratory distress developed. In the intensive care unit where she was transferred, catatonic symptoms such as stupor or excitement, catalepsy, and negativism were prominent. In addition, severe bronchorrhea causing respiratory failure was observed. Her catatonic symptoms, hyperthermia, and bronchorrhea resolved by ECT. After recovery, affective flattening, alogia, and avolition remained. The final diagnosis was MC associated with schizophrenia. This report suggests that MC may be complicated by severe bronchorrhea, but this condition responds to ECT.
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PMID:Malignant catatonia with severe bronchorrhea and its response to electroconvulsive therapy. 1667 86

A middle-aged man who has been enduring financial constraint experienced a period of irritability, increased goal-directed activities and insomnia occurring along with extreme jealousy with his current wife. The episode was followed by depressed mood and non-prominent auditory hallucination. His previous history revealed a forensic psychiatry case of a murder he committed 20 years ago.
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PMID:Morbid jealousy reactivated by mood episodes. 2934 92

Psychiatric symptoms are common after traumatic brain injury (TBI), and some patients have poor drug therapeutic efficacy. We report a successfully treated case of psychiatric symptoms after TBI using deep brain stimulation (DBS) to the anterior limb of internal capsule (ALIC)-nucleus accumbens (NAc) in a 76-year-old woman. The patient suffered from auditory hallucination, mood changes, and insomnia caused by TBI. Psychological test assessment showed the scores of Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale were 30, 35, and 96 respectively. Head magnetic resonance imaging scan showed right temporal lobe encephalomalacia. Head magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) showed bilateral basal ganglia choline increased relatively. After DBS to the ALIC-NAc, the target parameters were adjusted. The psychiatric symptoms were completely improved and the result of head MRS was normal in the end. The current report declares that DBS is reversible, adjustable and safe in the treatment of psychiatric symptoms caused by TBI. DBS to the ALIC-NAc should be considered as a possible treatment choice once a patient showed psychiatric symptoms after TBI.
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PMID:Successful Treatment of Psychiatric Symptoms after Traumatic Brain Injury Using Deep Brain Stimulation to the Anterior Limb of Internal Capsule-Nucleus Accumbens. 3312 98