Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0917801 (insomnia)
 10,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Ullanlinna Narcolepsy Scale (UNS) is a simple questionnaire-based method used to measure the symptoms of the narcoleptic syndrome. The 11-item scale (range 0-44) assesses the two main features of the narcoleptic syndrome, the abnormal sleeping tendency and cataplexy. The UNS sum score reliably distinguishes patients with the narcoleptic syndrome from patients with sleep apnoea, multiple sclerosis, and epilepsy. The mean score in patients with the narcoleptic syndrome was 27.3 (95% confidence limits 24.4-33.1); the sleep apnoea group with a mean score of 9.6 (95% confidence limits 7.2-12.0) came closest to this. Validation data were also selected from a large survey of non-institutionalized adults in Finland including groups with insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep deprivation, sciatica, alcohol abuse, and high scores on a depression scale and on a scale of neurovegetative symptoms. With the lowest UNS score in the narcoleptic syndrome group (= 14) as the cutpoint, the sensitivity is 100% and the specificity is 98.8% in the subjects studied. The accurate assessment of the symptoms of the narcoleptic syndrome in a format suitable for questionnaire studies is essential.
 ...
PMID:The Ullanlinna Narcolepsy Scale: validation of a measure of symptoms in the narcoleptic syndrome. 1060 9

Western medicine was introduced to Taiwan in 1865 when Dr. James L. Maxwell, a missionary doctor of the English Presbyterian Church, established a hospital in nowadays Tainan. The period of the missionary medicine lasted for over 30 years until Japanese took over. During this period, however, official records of diseases in Taiwan that were based on Western medicine were scanty or not available. Fortunately, port surgeons stationing respectively in Tamsui and Kelung in the north and in Takow and Taiwan-fu in the south reported semi-annually diseases seen in the ports, foreign communities and missionary hospitals that they volunteered to work. The diseases reported by port surgeons were either cases or summary of cases with classification and statistics. Their medical reports covered from 1871 to 1900. The data show that neurological diseases and/or disorders in the late 19th century Taiwan were uncommon, comprising only 2-3% of total diseases. The data further show that common neurological diseases were leprosy, opium smoking, syphilitic dementia (GPI), paralysis, hysteria, neuralgia, epilepsy, mania, sciatica, meningitis and ataxia. Stroke was uncommon while Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease were not mentioned, indicating that neurological diseases related to old age and neurodegeneration were not yet a threat to health. Similarly, headache, insomnia, anxiety and depression, hallmark of functional disorders of the modern society, were also not mentioned, suggesting that these disorders were indeed rare or did not cause sufficient concern for patients to seek help from doctors of Western medicine.
 ...
PMID:[Neurological diseases in late 19th century Taiwan--medical reports of the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs]. 1642 51

Ricinus cmmunis L. (Castor oil plant) is an important medicinal plant belonging to family Euphorbiaceae. Its phytochemistry, biological and pharmacological activities, and ethnomedicinal uses have been reviewed in the present study. The reported chemical constituents showed the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, fatty acids, amino acids, terpenoids, phytosterol etc. The compounds have been reported to exhibit anticonceptive, antidiabetic, antifertility, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, insecticidal and wound-healing activities. They also showed free radical scavenging and Hg scavenging activities, and repellent properties. Various parts of R. communis have been widely used in traditional medicine such as abdominal disorders, arthritis, backache, muscle aches, bilharziasis, chronic backache and sciatica, chronic headache, constipation, expulsion of placenta, gallbladder pain, period pain, menstrual cramps, rheumatism, sleeplessness, and insomnia. Castor oil plant has also revealed toxic effects due to the presence of ricin (protein) and ricinine (alkaloid). Comparatively, ricin is more toxic. But still there is need of more research to be conducted with reference to its medicinal importance (particularly exploring of medicinal recipes) and active compounds responsible for various activities.
 ...
PMID:Review - Ricinus cmmunis - Ethnomedicinal uses and pharmacological activities. 2908 6

If one is searching for a perfect example of why the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 was needed, this 1901 SWANSON'S RHEUMATIC CURE CO. foldover brochure would fit the bill (Figures 1A, 1B, and 1C). The SWANSON "FIVE DROP" REMEDIES were heralded as "the faithful guardian and sentinel of the human system" that "stands at the door and challenges every germ that knocks for admittance." FIVE DROPS had an "unfailing effect in the following diseases Rheumatism in all its forms, Sciatica, Backache, Neuralgia, Nervousness, Sleeplessness, Nervous and Neuralgic Headaches, Nervous Dyspepsia, and Nervous affections of every description, Asthma, Hay Fever, Croup and Bronchitis, Catarrh, Heart Weakness, Toothache (authors' emphasis), Earache, La Grippe, Malaria, Creeping Numbness and kindred diseases." What couldn't these drops cure? A bottle of Swanson's Five Drops is pictured in Figures 2A and 2B.
 ...
PMID:Swanson's Five Drops. 3249 39