Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0917801 (insomnia)
 10,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-two divorced men aged 30 to 44 years answered a questionnaire within seven months after the dissolution of their marriages. They were asked for life circumstances (housing and working conditions, economic situation) and perceived health and a personal interview was also performed with most of the men. Primary health care records during the year of divorce were analysed according to number of visits and reasons for encounter. A majority of the men perceived working conditions as satisfying while about half of the men had moved to less satisfying housing conditions. They recorded a high number of psychological symptoms (insomnia, fatigue, anxiety) but this was not recognizable in the primary health care records. Ten men had had more than one divorce and in this sub-group there were several alcohol abusers. The importance of primary health care in the early recognition of the complex situation of divorced men is stressed.
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PMID:Life after divorce: a study of newly divorced middle-aged men in Sweden. 271 45

One hundred and fifty patients with headache were studied by initial interview, before beginning treatment in the pain clinic. The McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) for Headache and a Bakal Topographic Chart were translated into Chinese and employed to assess the characteristics of the headache. The series included significantly more women than men. The elderly were in low proportion, but teenagers were a significant proportion. Women tended to report a longer headache history than men. Topographically, 50% of patients had bilateral temporal headache, and 18% had unilateral headache, more on the right than on the left. Most of the patients were considered to belong to tension headache and mixed headache types (40% and 26%, respectively). Major aggravators resulting in headache hypersensitivity were overwork, fatigue, insomnia, poor sleep, stress, and tension. Analgesics were the primary means of relief reported in 46% of the patients, while resting and sleeping (44% and 27% respectively) were also found to be significant relief factors. In the McGill Pain Questionnaire, specific subclasses of miscellaneous dimension and sensory description. Chinese patients used different classes and far fewer MPQ words than patients reported in the western literature.
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PMID:Analysis of headache in a Chinese patient population. 272 81

Two hundred perimenopausal women who suffered from several symptoms and signs of menopause participated in this 3-year prospective study. Because they were still menstruating more or less regularly, these women were afraid of becoming pregnant and asked for contraception as well as hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Therefore the HRT chosen was a low dose triphasic oral contraceptive. The patient population was divided into two groups; one group (100 women) took the triphasic contraceptive as HRT and the other group served as controls (100 women). During the three years of this study this form of HRT was demonstrated to prevent conception and bone-mass loss, combat vaginal dryness and sexual disturbances, eliminate hot flushes and profuse sweating, correct breast atrophy, and prevent or improve psycho-functional disturbances, such as depressive mood, loss of concentration, insomnia, nervousness, palpitations and fatigue. It was concluded, based on the results of this study, that the triphasic oral contraceptive is the treatment of choice in the prevention and treatment of menopausal symptoms during the perimenopause--when contraception is still required.
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PMID:Hormone replacement therapy in perimenopausal women with a triphasic contraceptive compound: a three-year prospective study. 286 16

One hundred and fifteen patients with definite multiple sclerosis (M.S.) and chronic persistent fatigue were studied. This ten-week cross-over study consisted of a 2-week baseline period and two 3-week treatment periods separated by a 2-week washout. Patients received either amantadine 100 mg bid or matching placebo capsules. Fatigue, the effect of fatigue on an individually pre-selected activity and its effect on activities of daily living, were evaluated. Amantadine produced a small but statistically significant decrease in fatigue. An important placebo effect was noted. Mean fatigue during the washout period was lower than during the placebo run-in period, independently of which treatment had been given first. Side effects were numerous both on amantadine and on placebo. Only insomnia was significantly more common with amantadine.
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PMID:A randomized controlled trial of amantadine in fatigue associated with multiple sclerosis. The Canadian MS Research Group. 288 18

Quazepam is a trifluoroethyl benzodiazepine hypnotic with a half-life of 27 to 41 hours, which has been shown to induce and maintain sleep in the short to long term (up to 4 weeks) treatment of patients with chronic or transient insomnia. Although its hypnotic efficacy has been well characterised against placebo, there are few clinical studies in comparison with established hypnotics, particularly over long term administration. However, preliminary evidence suggests that quazepam 15 to 30 mg is as effective as flurazepam and triazolam in usual therapeutic doses, and causes minimal rebound insomnia following its withdrawal, unlike rapidly eliminated benzodiazepines such as triazolam. The lack of rebound phenomena is likely to be attributable to the 'carryover' effects occurring after discontinuation of quazepam, which has pharmacologically active metabolites with half-lives of elimination similar to or longer than that of the parent drug. Probably because of the long half-lives of quazepam's metabolites, daytime sedation, fatigue and lethargy are the most frequently reported side effects. These side effects are most intense with the 30 mg dose and least with the 7.5mg dose, which has not been studied extensively. Hence, quazepam is an effective hypnotic which may be particularly suitable for short or medium term use in patients in whom withdrawal effects or rebound insomnia may be especially bothersome. Further definition of certain characteristics of its profile--such as its long term use and potential for development of tolerance or dependence, effects on psychomotor skills, efficacy of the 7.5mg dose, and suitability in elderly patients and patients with chronic organic diseases--will assist in more clearly defining its ultimate place in therapy.
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PMID:Quazepam. A preliminary review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic efficacy in insomnia. 289 93

Of most antihistamines more or less pronounced sedative effects are known. In recently developed substances this effect is said to be less or absent. After some days of application the sedative effect may decrease, but it can be enhanced by simultaneous intake of psychotropic drugs, sedatives or alcohol. There are important interindividual differences. The Drug Commission of the German Medical Profession (AKdA) received reports concerning tiredness, somnolence (even with new antihistamines), CNS-stimulation, nervousness, insomnia and paroniria have also been observed. Furthermore cases of dyskinesia have been reported, which are already described in the literature after long term intake, as well as anticholinergic reactions. Despite of their use as antiallergic drugs, reports on hypersensitivity reactions due to antihistamines, up to anaphylactic reaction have been not infrequently received by the AKdA. In rare cases disturbances of blood cell formation have been reported besides observations of gastrointestinal disorders, increase of appetite and weight. Abuse of antihistamine containing drugs was reported mainly for combinations with psychotropic agents.
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PMID:[Adverse effects of antihistaminics]. 290 91

The incidence of acute mountain sickness was determined by questionnaire in 454 individuals who attended week-long continuing medical education programs at ski resorts in the Rocky Mountains with base elevations of about 2000 m. As a control group, 96 individuals who attended continuing medical education programs at sea level in San Francisco completed similar questionnaires. Study subjects were classified as having acute mountain sickness when they reported three or more of the five possible cardinal symptoms: headache, insomnia, dyspnea, anorexia, and fatigue. Only symptoms with an intensity of at least grade 2 (moderate) out of 5 were analyzed. Acute mountain sickness-like symptoms occurred in 25% of subjects at 2000 m compared with 5% of subjects at sea level. The incidence of acute mountain sickness at 2000 m was greatest among subjects who had come from lower altitudes. Half of the subjects with symptoms took medication. The duration of symptoms was short, with 90% of all symptoms that were reported occurring in the first 72 hours. Acute mountain sickness is common at intermediate altitudes, and it is frequently severe enough to prompt self-medication.
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PMID:Incidence of acute mountain sickness at intermediate altitude. 291 Nov 69

To test the value of dexamethasone acetate for ameliorating acute mountain sickness (AMS), we conducted a double-blind, randomized study that compared the effects of 4 mg of dexamethasone acetate or a placebo (given every six hours for six doses beginning at the time of exposure) at 2700 and 2050 m. Study subjects, who were recruited from health professionals who attended continuing medical education programs at ski resorts in the Rocky Mountains, were classified as having AMS when they reported three or more of the five usual symptoms (headache, insomnia, dyspnea, anorexia, and/or fatigue) on a single day. All symptoms with an intensity of at least grade 2 (moderate) out of 5 were analyzed. At 2700 m, there was a 50% decrease in the mean AMS symptom score in the dexamethasone group (0.94 +/- 1.11 vs 1.84 +/- 1.44 [mean +/- SD]) and the incidence of AMS was 20% of that in the control group (3/38 vs 14/35). At 2050 m, there was no difference between dexamethasone and a placebo in the mean AMS symptom score (1.52 +/- 1.50 vs 1.24 +/- 1.33) and the incidence of AMS (5/25 vs 4/25). Dexamethasone ameliorates the usual symptoms of AMS at 2700 m but not at 2050 m.
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PMID:Effects of dexamethasone on the incidence of acute mountain sickness at two intermediate altitudes. 291 Nov 70

In this study we estimate the power of DSM-III Major Depression (MDD) symptoms to discriminate MDD from (1) Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and (2) no disorder. The NIMH-DIS was administered to 319 women exposed to chronic stress (all were mothers of disabled children). Two methods were used: (1) conditional probabilities, and (2) multiple regression analysis. Symptoms had greater utility in discriminating MDD from no disorder than from GAD. 'Gained weight' and 'thinking about death' had the least efficacy in either discrimination. 'Hypersomnia' and 'insomnia' contributed to the discrimination from no disorder, whereas 'fatigue' and 'sex disinterest' discriminated MDD from GAD. 'Guilt', 'trouble concentrating', 'lost appetite' and 'wanted to die' were important in both comparisons. Despite recent emphasis on observable behaviors and physiologic measures, guilt, a subjectively experienced inner state, was the most important symptom in MDD.
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PMID:Refining DSM-III criteria in Major Depression. An assessment of the descriptive validity of criterion symptoms. 293 53

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study the authors found that fluoxetine, a potent and selective inhibitor of serotonin reuptake, was an effective antidepressant in moderately depressed, ambulatory outpatients. Typical adverse effects reported by patients treated with fluoxetine included agitation, nausea, fatigue, and insomnia. Compared to imipramine, fluoxetine was associated with fewer complaints of dry mouth, constipation, and dizziness.
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PMID:Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin uptake inhibitor, for the treatment of outpatients with major depression. 328 84


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