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Query: UMLS:C0917801 (insomnia)
 10,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There existed circadian change in the sweating rate locally measured from the anterior of the left thigh: the sweating rate showed a remarkable decline during the period 2.00--5.00 h, while at other times throughout the day it generally remained high. This reduction seemed to be independent of sleep or sleeplessness.
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PMID:Circadian change of sweating rate measured locally by the resistance hygrometry method in man. 44 53

Previous studies indicate that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), including fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, citalopram and paroxetine, suppress rapid eye movement sleep, and increased nocturnal arousals. There has been no published report of the impact of sertraline on the sleep of depressed patients. This study examines such effects. Forty-seven patients with major depressive disorder, randomized to double-blind treatment with sertraline or placebo, completed sleep studies before and after 12 weeks of pharmacotherapy. Groups were compared using multivariate analyses of covariance and/or analyses of covariance to examine 4 empirically defined sets of sleep measures. Compared to the placebo-treated group, patients who received sertraline experienced an increase in delta wave sleep in the first sleep cycle and prolonged rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency. Although, sertraline therapy decreased the average number of REM periods (from 3.86 to 2.40), the activity of both REM period 1 and REM period 2 was significantly increased. Aside from an increase in sleep latency, sertraline therapy was not associated with a worsening of measures of sleep continuity. There was also no significant difference between the groups on a measure of subjective sleepiness. These findings are both similar and different from those observed in previous studies of other SSRIs. The increase in delta sleep ratio and consolidation of REM sleep may have some other clinical implications. However, the generalizability of these findings is limited because of a number of reasons. Further studies are needed to examine the effects of SSRIs in acute treatment of depressed patients with severe insomnia, and the relationship of acute changes and relapse prevention of recurrent depression.
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PMID:Effects of sertraline on sleep architecture in patients with depression. 1462 83

Paliperidone palmitate is an investigational, injectable atypical antipsychotic. The safety and tolerability of initiating treatment with paliperidone palmitate via deltoid versus gluteal injections given once monthly, and of switching injection sites, in adults with stable schizophrenia were assessed. In this crossover trial, stable outpatients (N=252) were randomly assigned 1:1:1 to 3 dose groups (paliperidone palmitate 50, 75, or 100 mg eq.) and 2 treatment sequences (blinded to dose): deltoid muscle (period 1 [13 weeks]) followed by gluteal muscle (period 2 [12 weeks]) or the reverse. The intent-to-treat analysis set had 249 patients: mean age=43 (SD: 12.8) years; 57% men, 81% white, baseline mean Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score=56 (SD: 11.5). A total of 170 (68%) patients completed the study, with a similar proportion completing each treatment sequence. The incidence of systemic treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) was similar between the 2 injection sites across doses during period 1 (deltoid [D]: 61% to 67%; gluteus [G]: 58% to 65%), and during the last 8 weeks of the 2 study periods (DG: 32% to 45% [period 1], 29% to 42% [period 2]; GD: 31% to 40% [period 1], 30% to 41% [period 2]). During the first treatment week, median plasma paliperidone concentrations were higher with treatment initiation in the deltoid muscle compared with the gluteal muscle. At apparent steady state, there was little difference in plasma paliperidone concentrations between the deltoid and gluteus sites for a given dose. Local tolerability was slightly better with gluteal injections. Patient preference for injection sites differed between geographical regions, e.g. patients from the US preferred deltoid to gluteal sites. The most common (>or=5% overall) TEAEs were: (period 1) insomnia, anxiety, headache, and agitation; and (period 2) insomnia, psychotic disorder, weight increased, and tachycardia. Paliperidone palmitate treatment was tolerated, irrespective of injection site, and thus could offer the choice of administration into either the deltoid or gluteal muscle to meet patient and physician preference.
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PMID:Safety and tolerability of deltoid and gluteal injections of paliperidone palmitate in schizophrenia. 1948 79

Opioid dependence is a growing problem. Methadone is an established agent for the treatment of opioid dependence, but there is a risk of this agent being abused, a potential for interaction with antiretroviral agents and a risk of cardiac toxicity. Another option is the partial mu-opioid receptor opioid agonist buprenorphine, which has been used successfully to manage opioid dependence. While the risk of abuse is lower than that for methadone, there is still a risk. The sublingual combination formulation of buprenorphine and the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone (buprenorphine/naxolone) is a newer agent with reduced abuse potential, and has been shown to have promising efficacy for opioid dependence. We describe the results of an observational study investigating the safety and efficacy of buprenorphine/naloxone in opioid-dependent patients. A total of 77 patients were included and were switched from buprenorphine to sublingual tables of buprenorphine/naloxone; the buprenorphine dosage was titrated to achieve good control of withdrawal symptoms. The prevalence of withdrawal symptoms, craving, constipation, cramps, insomnia, sexual activity, depression, sweating, distress, bone/joint pain and drowsiness were compared over the first 30 days of treatment (period 1) and the total 120-day study duration (period 2). The average buprenorphine/naloxone dose in period 1 was 7.3 mg/day and 12.7 mg/day in period 2. Most patients did not experience any withdrawal symptoms in either period 1 or period 2. Fewer than 20% of patients experienced any cravings over the 120-day study period. Importantly, the adverse effects observed were usually mild, with very few patients experiencing significant adverse effects. This study shows that buprenorphine/naloxone is an effective and well tolerated treatment for opioid withdrawal when the dosage is titrated to achieve good control of withdrawal symptoms. Switching from buprenorphine alone to buprenorphine/naloxone was possible with very little discomfort for the patient and effective retained patients in treatment.
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PMID:Safety and efficacy of buprenorphine/naloxone in opioid-dependent patients: an Italian observational study. 2045 Feb 42