Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0917801 (insomnia)
 10,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The cases presented here, along with a preliminary body of clinical literature, suggest that, in conjunction with other factors, cyclosporine has an etiologic role in the production of a variety of organic mental disorders, including delirium, generalized anxiety disorder, hallucinosis, and organic mood disorder-depressed. The cases in this report were chosen in part because they illustrate definable organic syndromes. Other transplant recipients may experience less severe or isolated symptoms, such as sleep-wake reversal, insomnia, anxiety, lethargy, or mild confusional states that do meet full criteria for organic mental syndrome but that appear to be related to cyclosporine. Persecutory delusions may also occur in both floridly delirious patients and in patients with only minimal disorientation. Mental state aberrations most commonly begin within 2 weeks of treatment with cyclosporine, and, frequently, most acute symptoms resolve within a few weeks of onset. However, in more severely delirious patients or in patients with medical courses complicated by other problems, symptoms may continue longer. In particular, difficulties with memory and with the acquisition of new information may persist for several weeks. Less commonly, mental syndromes may also occur following longer periods of treatment with cyclosporine. Individual vulnerability appears to vary widely, and many patients demonstrate mental complications at cyclosporine levels that are in the moderate therapeutic range for immunosuppression. In addition, patients who have recently been started on cyclosporine and who demonstrate high therapeutic, rapidly rising, or toxic serum levels may be at greatest risk. Other risk factors may include intravenous administration, hypomagnesemia, hypocholesterolemia, and concurrent methylprednisolone bolus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Cyclosporine-associated organic mental disorders in liver transplant recipients. 200 44

The clinical picture of Morvan's fibrillary chorea includes a. spontaneous muscular activity resulting from repetitive motor unit action potentials of peripheral origin (multiplets), b. autonomic dysregulation with profuse hyperhidrosis, and c. central nervous system involvement as shown by severe insomnia and hallucinosis. A case featuring all these symptoms is presented. Whereas known causative factors range from gold or mercury poisoning to autoimmune disorders, the presented case is the first one in which chronic manganese intoxication (occupational exposure) seems to be implicated. Manganese has been found to inhibit acetylcholine esterase, and, as a consequence, may produce peripheral and central cholinergic hyperactivity.
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PMID:Morvan's fibrillary chorea. A case with possible manganese poisoning. 253 82

Asterixis was observed in five parkinsonian patients who were taking levodopa. A prospective study revealed that 4 of 55 consecutive patients had asterixis. Liver and metabolic functions were normal in all patients. Asterixis always occurred as part of a toxic confusional state superimposed on a parkinsonian state associated with some dementia. Insomnia, hallucinosis, and myoclonus were also prominent in the affected patients. Because of this association with other signs of chronic drug toxicity and its reversal with drug withdrawal, the asterixis seemed to be drug-related.
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PMID:Drug-induced asterixis in Parkinson disease. 720 Feb 12

Consciousness can be studied only if subjective experience is documented and quantified, yet first-person accounts of the effects of brain injury on conscious experience are as rare as they are potentially useful. This report documents the alterations in waking, sleeping, and dreaming caused by a lateral medullary infarct. Total insomnia and the initial suppression of dreaming was followed by the gradual recovery of both functions. A visual hallucinosis during waking that was associated with the initial period of sleep and dream suppression is described in detail. Since the changes in sleep and their recovery are comparable to results of animal experiments, it can be concluded that damage to the medullary brain stem causes extreme but short-lived alterations in conscious state and that substantial recovery occurs even though the damage to the brain stem endures.
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PMID:Sleep and dream suppression following a lateral medullary infarct: a first-person account. 1499 Feb 48

Benzydamine hydrochloride is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with analgesic and antipyretic effects. In those who use medicines containing this agent at high doses (500-3000 mg), some adverse effects such as hallucinosis, stimulant effects in the central nervous system, paranoia, and convulsions can be seen. The drug is vulnerable to abuse because of the stimulant effects on the central nervous system. In this paper, we present a young male patient with symptoms of psychosis due to benzydamine hydrochloride abuse. He was admitted to the psychiatry outpatient clinic with visual hallucinations, fear, and insomnia. His symptoms started after taking 10 tablets of benzydamine hydrochloride (500 mg) 6 months ago, which continued for 1-2 days and spontaneously resolved. The patient used high doses of the drug 3-4 times over a period of 3 months. Although his last drug intake was 3 months ago, his symptoms continued at the time of admission to the clinic. A neurologic examination and detailed laboratory tests of the patient revealed no evidence of a cause for psychotic symptoms. The patient was scheduled to undergo oral antipsychotic therapy. Although similar cases have been reported in the literature, this is the only case in which psychosis was still present despite discontinuation of the drug. Our aim was to contribute to the literature on the use of BH in causing chronic psychosis and to draw attention to the growing number of BH abuse cases.
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PMID:Chronic psychosis related to benzydamine hydrochloride abuse. 3108 13