Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0917801 (insomnia)
 10,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An 18-year-old female had common cold and insomnia in early March 1987. Later, abnormal speech and behavior, emotional incontinence, anorexia and consciousness disturbance appeared. On March 19, she was admitted to our hospital in semi-comatose state. Myoclonus-like movement on hands was observed, and epileptic attacks with tonic and clonic convulsions occasionally occurred. There were no neurological findings that suspected cerebral focal lesions. The respiration was assisted through tracheal intubation. Laboratory examinations showed inflammatory reactions (CRP+2, WBC 10,600) and transient high levels serum CK (6,215 IU). As she had bradycardia (30-40/min) with complete AV block on ECG, the pacemaker was implanted. The complication of myocarditis was suspected. EEG showed bilateral slow waves (3-6Hz), dominantly in frontal areas. Brain CT and CSF examinations were normal. After the combined administration of ara-A, dexamethasone and anti-convulsant, the consciousness level was recovered within a month. The serum antibody against coxsackie virus B4 alone was significantly increased. We concluded that coxsackie virus B4 caused acute encephalitis with mental symptoms and myocarditis with AV block. Recently, cytomegalovirus was reported to be the causative virus in a young female with non-HSV encephalitis who showed mental symptoms with good prognosis, but coxsackie virus B4 should also be considered as one of the causative viruses.
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PMID:[Coxsackie virus B4 encephalitis in a young female who developed mental symptoms, and consciousness disturbance, and completely recovered]. 959 14

Ephedra is an amphetamine-like compound with a potent sympathomimetic effect. Ephedrine, its active component, is widely used for weight loss, to enhance athletic performance or as component of some drugs. Its cardiovascular effects include tachycardia, increased inotropy, arterial vasoconstriction and hypertension, and these are the effects for which it is used therapeutically. However, it can also cause adverse effects, such as neuropathy, myopathy, psychosis, addiction, stroke, insomnia, myocarditis, arrhythmias, myocardial infarction or sudden death. We present the case of a patient, with pre-existing psychiatric conditions, who developed congestive heart failure and pulmonary oedema in the context of severe biventricular dysfunction and myocardial necrosis secondary to longstanding ephedrine abuse. Secondary causes of dilated myocardiopathy such as alcohol abuse, autoimmunity, hemochromatosis, thyroid alterations, viral or bacterial myocarditis and coronary heart disease, were ruled out. Five years after total cessation of use of the drug containing ephedrine, the patient is symptom-free, with partial recovery of left ventricular ejection fraction.
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PMID:[Myocardial necrosis and severe biventricular dysfunction in the context of chronic ephedrine abuse]. 2030 Jul 11

Sudden infant death (SID) is an unresolved problem of high relevance and previous studies have indicated a role of viral heart infections. The diagnosis remains difficult in clinical practice using routine diagnostic tests and must be substantially improved. A prospective study based on post-mortem samples from SID victims whose heart disease was not clinically recognized was conducted for 4 years in a Tunisian University Hospital. Pediatric cases of unnatural death served as controls. Both SID victims and controls were investigated for possible coxsackievirus-B (CV-B) infection in heart tissue. During the study period, 39 cases with a male predominance (77%) were reported. There was no positive family history of coronary artery disease among the victims. In 35 cases (90%), low birth weight and/or critical development period were reported. All SID victims had complained of mild fever and insomnia for a few days preceding death, which required infectious laboratory investigations marked with an elevated white blood cell count (WBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP). The cardiac biomarkers were also elevated. The histopathological investigations of the heart tissue samples revealed signs of myocardial and pericardial inflammation. Enterovirus was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and PCR from myocardial samples from 6 cases (15.3%) having myocarditis and 3 cases (7.7%) having perimyocarditis. The current study is of great interest and is aimed at urging health professionals to adopt systematically long intensive heart care in infants with underlying vulnerability as well as new diagnostic approaches including histopathology complemented with IHC and molecular pathology.
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PMID:Postmortem diagnosis of infectious heart diseases: A mystifying cause of Sudden Infant Death. 2725 63