Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0917801 (insomnia)
 10,606 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In fifteen patients affected by essential nonvibratory tinnitus, local applications in the external auditive canal of 2 ml medicated DMSO spray were made. The spray solution contained DMSO integrated with anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory substances. This application was repeated every four days for a month. At the same time each patient was administered a daily intramuscular injection of a preparation that contained DMSO and a vasodilatory component. The therapeutic effect was evaluated through the subjective modification of the symptom and functional tests of the auditory system. Of the fifteen patients treated, the tinnitus symptom completely disappeared in nine, and did not return during a one-year observation period. The patient's symptoms diminished in two cases, and in four cases the permanent tinnitus became occasional, triggered principally by environmental cold. It is important to note that among the concomitant signs, the five patients with vertigo noted improvement. Hypacusis diminished in three of the six patients affected. Insomnia disappeared in eight and diminished in seven cases. The rise in the average tympanic membrane temperature from 36.8 degrees C before to 37.9 degrees C after treatment was noteworthy. This could indicate an improvement of the blood flow in the inner ear.
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PMID:Dimethyl sulfoxide therapy in subjective tinnitus of unknown origin. 105 61

A housewife cleaned toilet porcelain connected directly to a sewage storage tank with a mixture of cleaning agents; sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) solutions. She complained of insomnia on the night after cleaning and suffered from severe metabolic acidosis with extremely low blood pH, PCO2 and bicarbonate values. She recovered from the acidosis after bicarbonate transfusion, plasmapheresis and plasma exchange. Permanent blindness ensued, however, from the third day after the event. These clinical symptoms suggested that the toxic substances responsible were chloramine and methyl chloride. Their generation was confirmed by in-vitro experiments, mixing NaOCl, HCl and pooled urine from normal people. In the simulation, the methyl chloride level far exceeded (100,000 ppm) the maximal allowable concentration recommended (ca 400 ppm) by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Chloramine's toxic actions were confirmed using purified enzyme assay, and the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase and aldehyde dehydrogenase and the enhancement of superoxide dismutase activity were confirmed in neutral pH. The patient's clinical symptoms suggested that insomnia and permanent blindness seemed to be partly ascribable to chronic repetitive exposure to methyl chloride; catching a cold, drug intake and alcohol intake, in addition, precipitated the patient's visual loss. The possibility of this kind of intoxication with such a mixture of agents may lie latent in any situation where sewage or garbage are exposed to the open air.
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PMID:Dangerous mixture of household detergents in an old-style toilet: a case report with simulation experiments of the working environment and warning of potential hazard relevant to the general environment. 135 56

The anti-anginal effect of Tenormin (atenolol) has been examined besides placebo control by single blind method in 20 patients with ischaemic heart disease, suffering from stable effort angina proved by coronarography. It has been observed that atenolol significantly decreases the weekly number of anginal attacks, and the amount of sublingual nitroglycerin consumption. It has been proved that atenolol successfully prevents the exercise-induced elevation of blood pressure and heart rate, increases exercise tolerance, decreases myocardial O2 consumption. The place among beta-blockers of the cardioselective, low lipophilic atenolol, which lacks membrane stabilizing and partial agonist activity, has been discussed. The administration of a single daily dose (one 100-mg tablet), selective cardiac effect, lack of unwanted side-effects (cold extremity, nightmare, insomnia, etc.) are the advantages of the drug.
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PMID:Anti-anginal effect of Tenormin (atenolol). 146 77

Coronary artery bypass surgery was performed on a 58-year-old female under cold cardioplegia with topical ice slush cooling. Bilateral phrenic paralysis was observed postoperatively, in spite of prevention with a mat during aortic cross clamp, cold injury owing to ice slush was thought to be causative. Mechanical ventilatory support continued for more than two months until her complete recovery of diaphragmatic function. She complained of sleeplessness besides respiratory symptoms, and felt uneasy. Although cold injury is mostly reversible, it is stressed that we must deliberately wean from mechanical ventilatory support, turning our attention to symptoms and blood gas analysis with as much mental assistance as possible.
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PMID:[A case of bilateral phrenic nerve paralysis following open heart surgery]. 164 5

A 52-year-old woman presented to the office about 2 and 1/2 years after the death of her husband from cancer. She had multiple hemodynamic and cardiovascular disorders such as hypertension, angina, tachycardia, dysmenorrhea, cardiac ectopics, and very cold hands and feet. The patient complained of tension and insomnia but refused to take any medications because of allergic responses to them. Hence, a relaxation and psychotherapeutic approach was adopted. Psychometric testing revealed extreme defensiveness (including repression). The patient had never mourned for her husband. Therapy helped her overcome her bereavement, tension, and insomnia. In addition, many of her physical manifestations subsided considerably during therapy.
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PMID:Repression and somatization: a case history of hemodynamic activation. 224 1

A multicentered trial compared the effects of the non-sedating antihistamine, loratadine, 5 mg plus pseudoephedrine 120 mg with a placebo on the signs and symptoms of the common cold. One hundred forty-two (142) subjects were treated with the loratadine/pseudoephedrine combination and 141 subjects were treated with placebo twice daily for five days. Evaluations by both subjects and physicians suggest that this antihistamine/decongestant combination is superior to placebo in relieving symptoms of the common cold. Specific differences were found in symptoms including nasal congestion, sneezing, postnasal drainage, and nasal discharge. Differences between groups for the following side effects were found: dry mouth (9% for the combination vs 2% for placebo), insomnia (6% vs 3%), and nervousness (4% vs 2%). There were no differences between groups for the frequency of drowsiness.
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PMID:The effectiveness of the nonsedating antihistamine loratadine plus pseudoephedrine in the symptomatic management of the common cold. 252 99

A series of visual analogue scales (VAS) was used to examine the prevalence of side-effects among hypertensive patients taking beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs. When compared to untreated non-hypertensive control subjects, patients taking beta-adrenoceptor blockers had a greater prevalence of tired legs (P less than 0.001), cold digits (P less than 0.01), insomnia (P less than 0.01) and loss of overall wellbeing (P less than 0.01). Side-effects did not differ significantly between patients taking atenolol (n = 30), oxprenolol (n = 16), propranolol (n = 15) or metoprolol (n = 10). If there is an important difference in the prevalence of side-effects between different beta-adrenoceptor blockers, a much larger study will be needed to demonstrate it.
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PMID:Side-effects of beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs assessed by visual analogue scales. 285 44

Visual analogue scales were used in a pilot study to compare side-effects in patients receiving antihypertensive drugs either including or excluding beta-blockers. Compared with symptom scores for patients receiving antihypertensive medication other than a beta-blocker, symptom scores (when combined) for patients receiving a beta-blocker were significantly higher for tired legs (p less than 0.001), cold digits (p less than 0.005), and vivid dreams (p less than 0.01). These methods were also applied in a postal survey which was designed to compare the incidence of symptoms in patients receiving different beta-blockers with symptoms in subjects receiving no drugs. When compared with symptom scores for subjects receiving no drugs, symptom scores (when combined) for patients receiving beta-blockers were significantly higher for tired legs (p less than 0.001), cold digits (p less than 0.01), insomnia (p less than 0.01), and lack of well-being (p less than 0.01). These two studies were consistent in showing higher symptom scores for tired legs and cold digits in patients receiving beta-blockers. However, there were inconsistencies regarding sleep disturbance. Increased dreaming was apparent in the pilot study whereas increased insomnia was apparent from the postal survey. These inconsistencies cannot be explained. No significant differences in side-effects were apparent between different beta-blockers.
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PMID:Side-effects of beta-blockers assessed using visual analogue scales. 286 55

Two patients complaining of insomnia had sleep-related periodic leg movements (nocturnal myoclonus) on polysomnographic evaluation. Both also complained of cold feet and had abnormal peripheral pulse examinations. Treatment with phenoxybenzamine, alpha-adrenergic blocker, normalized the peripheral pulse responses, reduced the complaint of insomnia, and reduced the sleep related leg movements but resulted in only mild sleep improvements. Peripheral pulse examinations of ten other patients with sleep-related periodic leg movements revealed abnormal responses in four. From these and other results, it is hypothesized that the sympathetic nervous system may mediate the periodicity of sleep related periodic leg movements.
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PMID:Peripheral vasoconstriction in patients with sleep related periodic leg movements. 289 66

The combination of nifedipine and atenolol must be evaluated in terms of risks and benefits to the hypertensive patient. Disadvantages with single-agent therapy justify trials of combination regimens. beta-Blockers may be unacceptable to some patients because of gastrointestinal upset, musculoskeletal symptoms, tiredness, malaise, insomnia, depression or confusion, sweating, breathlessness or cold extremities. The side effect profile varies from patient to patient and between different beta-blockers. Calcium antagonists also have characteristic side effects, including severe headaches, flushing and oedema, tachycardia and possibly worrying palpitations, and polyuria. Combining a calcium antagonist and a beta-blocker can reduce some side effects; for example, tachycardia is offset by addition of beta-blocker to calcium antagonist therapy, and beta-blocker-induced cold extremities may be reversed with a drug such as nifedipine. Moreover, the antihypertensive efficacy is increased, which is useful in previously resistant patients. However, an excessive fall in blood pressure is a possible adverse effect of the combination. There is also the possibility of precipitating heart failure in patients with cardiomegaly and severely compromised left ventricular function. The combination of nifedipine and atenolol was evaluated in 25 patients in a randomised, crossover trial following a month's treatment with atenolol 50mg twice daily. Patients received either atenolol 50mg twice daily alone, or atenolol 50mg twice daily with sustained release nifedipine 20mg or 40mg twice daily, or placebo twice daily during three 4-week treatment periods. Additional antihypertensive benefit was obtained by addition of the low dose of nifedipine compared with atenolol alone, but no further advantage was obtained with the higher nifedipine dose.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Aims of combination therapy--improved quality of life or better blood pressure control? 337 14


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