Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0917798 (cerebral ischemia)
 17,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide, with limited therapeutic approaches. As an endogenous strategy for neuroprotection, postconditioning treatments have proven to be promising therapies against cerebral ischemia. However, complicated procedures and potential safety issues limit their clinical application. To overcome these disadvantages, we have developed acidic postconditioning (APC) as a therapy for experimental focal cerebral ischemia. APC refers to the mild acidosis treatment by inhaling CO2 during reperfusion following ischemia. Here we present two models to execute APC in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) treatment of mice and the corticostriatal occlusion and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) of mice were employed to mimic cerebral ischemia. APC can be simply achieved by transferring brain slices to acidic buffer bubbled with 20% CO2, or by mice inhaling 20% CO2. APC showed significant protective effects against cerebral ischemia, as reflected by tissue viability and brain infarct volume.
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PMID:Experimental Models to Study the Neuroprotection of Acidic Postconditioning Against Cerebral Ischemia. 2878 80

We report a case using cerebral oxygen saturation (rCbO2) for off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCAB) surgery in a patient with co-existing Moyamoya disease. The rCbO2 with the routine monitoring for OPCAB surgery were monitored intraoperatively. In spite of infusing nimodipine (0.2 microgram/kg/min) and maintaining the end-tidal CO2 tension at 35-40 mmHg, a sudden reduction in the right-side rCbO2 from the base line value of 70-80%/78-83% (Left/Right) to 70-72%/65-70% was developed during the harvesting of the vascular graft. We increased the rate of phenylephrine infusion to increase systemic and cerebral perfusion pressure, and both rCbO2 values were elevated to 80%/70% within 3 minutes. However, the preferential reduction in the right-side rCbO2 compared with the left-side value was not corrected. While suspecting cerebral ischemia due to cerebral vascular spasm, we administered nimodipine 2 mg bolus and increased infusion rate to 0.5 microgram/kg/min. Finally, the preferential rCbO2 reduction in the right-side was corrected and both rCbO2 reached 84%/91%. We concluded rCbO2 monitoring is useful for detecting an intraoperative episode of cerebral ischemia and maintaining the optimal cerebral perfusion during OPCAB surgery with Moyamoya disease.
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PMID:Cerebral oxygen saturation monitoring for off-pump coronary bypass graft surgery with Moyamoya disease: A case report. 3062 66


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