Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0917798 (cerebral ischemia)
 17,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lesions at the carotid bifurcation frequently cause transient cerebral ischemia and especially visual disturbances by microembolization. An early diagnosis is vital in order to prevent definitive blindness. Transient monocular blindness is an early diagnostic sign of ulcerated atheroma of the extracranial carotid artery. Symptomatology, diagnosis and therapeutic aspects are discussed.
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PMID:[Amaurosis fugax in obliterations of the carotid artery]. 62 Sep 80

Amaurosis fugax (transient monocular blindness) is a symptom of retinal ischemia just as contralateral hemiparesis and sensory loss are symptoms of cerebral ischemia. These symptoms are produced by atherosclerotic stenosis of the carotid vessels at the ipsilateral carotid bifurcation and emboli from these areas causing focal, repetitive, retinal ischemia. A study of 31 endarterectomy patients was undertaken to see if eight patients with amaurosis fugax (25%) could be differentiated from 22 patients with transient cerebral ischemia. The patients with amaurosis fugax were found to be younger. They all had 75% or greater stenosis of the internal carotid artery at the bifurcation on the symptomatic side. They all had unilateral visual symptoms and these symptoms were relieved by surgery. The patients with amaurosis fugax were devoid of cardiac disease, while 45% of the cerebral ischemic patients had documented myocardial disease. Amaurosis fugax (transient monocular blindness) in the setting of clinically significant atheroslerosis of the carotid vessels is an indication for carotid endarterectomy.
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PMID:Amaurosis fugax: a clinical comparison. 117 55

Amaurosis fugax and retinal artery occlusion are mainly caused by emboli originating from the carotid arteries and the heart. Ischemic ophthalmopathy is the result of severe carotid or ophthalmic artery stenosis. Retinal vein occlusions probably develop if the venous outflow is hampered or if blood viscosity is increased. Optic nerve infarction is now regarded as a localized disease of the small vessels. In all circulatory disorders of the retina and the optic nerve a careful medical and neurologic-angiologic work-up is mandatory. For arterial occlusions of the retina or the optic nerve, no therapy is available so far that has unequivocally proven effective. In retinal vein occlusion it has been definitely shown that photocoagulation can prevent ocular complications. The hemodilution therapy for arterial or venous circulatory disorders is as yet not generally accepted since studies are lacking that fulfill the hard criteria of modern therapeutic trials. New data about the risk of cerebral ischemia and survival of patients with ocular circulatory disorders, as well as a critical analysis of the risk and benefit of vascular surgery, have led to a considerable decrease in surgery and favor the medical prevention of stroke.
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PMID:[Circulatory disorders of the retina and optic nerve]. 208 15