Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0917798 (cerebral ischemia)
 17,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three cases of peduncular hallucinosis occurred in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. All patients underwent early clipping of the ruptured aneurysms of the anterior circulation. Several days after onset of subarachnoid hemorrhage, the patients complained of vivid visual hallucinations associated with abnormal sleep-waking rhythms, suggesting a diagnosis of peduncular hallucinosis. The hallucinations disappeared with administration of an increased dose of dobutamine. These findings indicated that peduncular hallucinosis might be a manifestation of delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage. No other possible cause of neurological deficits such as hydrocephalus, cerebral infarcts, or metabolic encephalopathies was identified. Damage to the ascending reticular activating system has been implicated in the pathogenesis of peduncular hallucinosis. Cerebral vasospasm in the perforating arteries of the ascending reticular activating system was probably the cause of the hallucinosis in our patients.
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PMID:Delayed cerebral ischemia manifesting as peduncular hallucinosis after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage--three case reports. 752 49

Although hypercalcemia may cause drowsiness, lethargy, weakness, confusion and coma it rarely causes seizures or cerebral infarction. The patient presented had a clinical evolution from hallucinosis to a generalized tonic-clonic seizure, and subsequent cortical blindness with occipital cerebral ischemia as evidenced by SPECT and MRI scans. EEG revealed occipital PLEDs. With reversal of hypercalcemia, there was a return of vision, resolution of EEG epileptiform activity, although with some residual occipital infarction. This case, in concert with a literature review of hypercalcemia, reveals examples of occipital and watershed ischemia, blindness, seizures and hypertension, a pattern markedly similar to that of eclampsia. Furthermore, medications such as magnesium sulfate, believed to reverse cerebrovasospasm responsible for the eclamptic neurologic findings, may counter the effects of hypercalcemia at a cellular level, lending support to a calcium-mediated injury in eclampsia.
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PMID:Reversible hypercalcemic cerebral vasoconstriction with seizures and blindness: a paradigm for eclampsia? 966 11