Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0917798 (cerebral ischemia)
 17,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Dextromethorphan is one of the most widely used non-opioid cough suppressants, representing the active ingredient in several over-the-counter antitussive formulations. It does not possess the CNS pharmacology of other opiates in humans (i.e. analgesia, respiratory depression, abuse liability or psychotomimetic properties), but since the discovery in 1981 of high affinity recognition sites in brain for dextromethorphan a unique neuropharmacological profile has emerged for this relatively innocuous drug. Anticonvulsant and neuroprotective properties have been demonstrated, and treatment with dextromethorphan has been shown to improve the cerebrovascular and functional consequences of global cerebral ischemia. Frank Tortella and colleagues review the CNS pharmacology of dextromethorphan, its possible involvement with NMDA or sigma-receptors, and the potential clinical importance of this old 'new' drug.
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PMID:Dextromethorphan and neuromodulation: old drug coughs up new activities. 215 97

A 64-year-old man was presented to another hospital with bleeding from the upper jaw with a platelet count of 0.1 x 10(4)/microl one year ago, and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura complicated with aortic stenosis and regurgitation was diagnosed. Corticosteroid administration was initiated and the patient was admitted to our hospital for surgery two months after confirmation of symptoms associated with cerebral ischemia. Corticosteroid was administered for one year until the day of surgery, and aortic valve replacement was performed with a platelet count of 8.4 x 10(4)/microl. During surgery, bleeding tendency with decreased platelets was confirmed, which was corrected with intraoperative platelet transfusion, postoperative gamma-globulin administration, and postoperative oral corticosteroid administration. Caution must be exercised against perioperative bleeding tendency in open heart surgery, even when platelet count is maintained using small amounts of preoperative corticosteroid.
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PMID:A surgical case of aortic valve replacement in patient with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. 1553 88

Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is caused by thrombotic vascular occlusions that affect both small and large vessels, producing ischemia in the affected organs as well as a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). We report a case of a patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) who developed massive cerebral ischemia due to this entity. Prompt and aggressive treatment may prevent and actually resolve lethal complications caused by this devastating syndrome.
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PMID:Massive cerebrovascular infarct due to the catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome in a patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. 1961 32

Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIGs) are used for a variety of immunologic and hematologic disorders. Hemorheologic alteration or the rapid increase of platelet counts by IVIG administration can cause thrombotic adverse events. We present a 58-year-old woman with a previous diagnosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura who developed cerebellar infarction immediately after IVIG treatment. We discuss a possible role of IVIG in cerebral ischemia and management strategies.
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PMID:Acute cerebellar infarction associated with intravenous gammaglobulin treatment in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. 2274 29