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Query: UMLS:C0851341 (
infestation
)
10,121
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
The Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov), is an invasive insect pest that causes serious yield losses in bread wheat, Triticum aestivum L., durum wheat, T. turgidum L and barley, Hordeum vulgare L. Successful management of D. noxia has been achieved through resistant varieties via plant antixenosis (aphid non-preference), antibiosis (reduced aphid growth or fecundity), tolerance (plant compensatory growth after aphid feeding), or a combination of each. Previous phenotyping experiments revealed that plants of the variety Stoneham resist D. noxia damage via tolerance. In the present study, genes involved in upstream regulation of jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), ethylene (ET), auxin (AUX) and abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthetic pathways were monitored using qRT-PCR in Stoneham and susceptible Otis barley plants after D. noxia biotype 2 feeding. Results indicate that D. noxia tolerance in Stoneham plants is related to greater constitutive expression of JA-, ET- and AUX-biosynthetic pathway genes than in susceptible Otis plants, suggesting the possibility of immediate plant adjustments due to the stress of D. noxia feeding. There was limited induction of genes in the ET-(
ACCS
) and IAA (TDC) pathways in Stoneham tissues after D. noxia feeding. JA pathway genes upregulated in Otis tissues after D. noxia
infestation
failed to successfully defend Otis plants. AUX and ABA transcripts in Otis may be associated with developmental collapses resulting from source and sink adjustment failures.
...
PMID:Barley tolerance of Russian wheat aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) biotype 2 herbivory involves expression of defense response and developmental genes. 2247 64
Induction of ethylene biosynthesis by aphids increases the susceptibility of several plant species to aphids. Recent studies have indicated that some MYB transcription factors regulate the phloem-based defense against aphid
infestation
by modulating ethylene (ET) signaling.
Arabidopsis MYB102
has previously been shown to be induced by wound signaling and regulate defense response against chewing insects. However, it remains unclear whether
Arabidopsis
MYB102
takes part in the defense response of plants to aphids. Here, we investigated the function of
MYB102
in the response of
Arabidopsis
to aphid
infestation
.
Arabidopsis
MYB102
was primarily expressed in vascular tissues, and its transcription was remarkably induced by green peach aphids (GPA;
Myzus persicae
). The results of RNA-Sequencing revealed that overexpression of
MYB102
in
Arabidopsis
promoted ET biosynthesis by upregulation of some
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase
(ACS) genes, which are rate-limiting enzymes of the ET-synthetic pathway. Enhanced ET levels led to reduced
Arabidopsis
resistance to GPA. Furthermore, dominant suppression of
MYB102
inhibited aphid-induced increase of ET levels in
Arabidopsis
. In agreement with a negative regulatory role for ET in aphid defense responses, the
MYB102-
overexpressing lines were more susceptible to GPA than wild-type (WT) plants. Overexpression of
MYB102
in
Arabidopsis
obviously repressed aphid-induced callose deposition. Conversely, overexpression of
MYB102
failed to increase aphid susceptibility in both the ET-insensitive mutants and plants treated with inhibitors of ET signaling pathways, demonstrating that the ET was critical for promoting aphid performance conferred by overexpression of
MYB102
. Collectively, our findings indicate that the
Arabidopsis MYB102
increases host susceptibility to GPA through the ET-dependent signaling pathways.
...
PMID:
Arabidopsis
Transcription Factor MYB102 Increases Plant Susceptibility to Aphids by Substantial Activation of Ethylene Biosynthesis. 2988 Jul 35
