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Query: UMLS:C0851341 (infestation)
 10,121 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Local and systemic cytokine responses were studied in 3 groups of cattle, with 4 animals each, experimentally infested with Hypoderma lineatum (De Villers) first instars (L1). The first group was undergoing a primary infestation (G-1), the second group was undergoing a secondary infestation (G-2) and the third group was infested for their third consecutive year (G-3). Cattle were infested with 25 L1 deposited on the skin. Blood and skin samples were taken at 0, 6, 12, 48, 96 and 144h post-infestation (h.p.i.). Interleukin 10 (IL-10), IL-4 and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) production was studied by immunohistochemistry and sandwich ELISAs. IL-4(+) cells showed a significant increase at 6h.p.i. in both reinfested groups (G-2 and G-3) when compared with G-1. In all groups the number of IL-4(+) cells decreased significantly at 48h.p.i. IL-10(+) cells increased in G-1 at 6 and 48h.p.i., whereas in both reinfested groups increased at 12h.p.i. with a peak at 48h.p.i. IFN-gamma(+) cells showed a significant increment at 6h.p.i. in all groups, followed by a rapid descent at 12 (G-1 and G-2) and 48h.p.i. (G-3). Penetration of the skin by H. lineatum did not have any significant effect on IFN-gamma serum concentrations and, except for IL-10 there were no correlation between local production and serum concentrations of cytokines. The increase of both Th1 (IFN-gamma) and Th2-type cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) indicates that bovine T-cell response during the first phases of the infestation by H. lineatum is apparently a Th0 response.
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PMID:Local and systemic cytokine responses during larval penetration in cattle experimentally infested with Hypoderma lineatum (Diptera: Oestridae). 1937 72

Flea allergy dermatitis (FAD) is the common, often neglected skin disease of goats caused mainly by Ctenocephalides felis. This study aimed to evaluate the immuno-oxidative pathobiology of FAD in goats. Twelve goats from the same herd were divided into two groups of six animals each. The group I (FAD) included animals with natural flea infestation and severe dermatitis lesions. The group II (Healthy control) animals were free from any parasitic infestation. To assess the pathological changes, the markers of oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and total antioxidant capacity), and immune status (Tumour necrosis factor alpha, Interleukin 10, Transforming growth factor beta 1 and Th1/Th2 cytokine ratio) were evaluated from the blood and the serum samples. Remarkable oxidative stress and severe inflammatory response with Th2 cytokine dominance were observed in flea infested animals. Highly antigenic agents of fleas, either secretory or excretory or structural, induced severe inflammatory responses and significant oxidative stress in caprine FAD. Massive release of cytokines may be responsible for severe skin inflammation and lesions in FAD in contrast to other Th2 dominant ectoparasitic skin conditions of goats'.
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PMID:Th1/Th2 immune responses and oxidative stress in caprine flea allergy dermatitis. 2909 55