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Query: UMLS:C0851341 (infestation)
 10,121 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Psoroptic mange in sheep, resulting from infestation by the astigmatid mite Psoroptes ovis, is increasingly prevalent in Europe and other parts of the world. As a step towards improved national control, regional or local scab management programmes that target high-risk areas and aim to maintain the number of outbreaks below an acceptable level may be an effective initial use of time and resource. To facilitate such a management approach, in this paper scab outbreak farms are identified using a questionnaire survey of sheep farmers, the data from which are then used to build a national scab risk model for Great Britain. The questionnaire results indicate a national prevalence of scab, between March 2007 and February 2008, of 8.6% (+/-1.98). However, previous exposure to sheep scab significantly affected the respondent's probability of reporting a scab outbreak during the survey period (chi(2)=53.2, d.f.=1, P<0.001); 85% of the farms that reported at least one scab outbreak had experienced outbreaks in previous years, 27% had experienced outbreaks in more than five of the previous 10 years. In contrast, 76% of farms that did not report scab had not had a previous outbreak. The highest prevalence areas were in Northern England, Wales, Southwest England and Scotland. Modelling the distribution of the reported scab outbreaks identified height above sea level, temperature and rainfall as significant predictors of the probability of an outbreak, superimposed on an underlying pattern of sheep abundance. It is argued that scab management programmes directed at these foci have the potential to allow a more targeted approach to scab control and significantly reduce the prevalence of scab in the UK and other European countries.
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PMID:Mapping risk foci for endemic sheep scab. 1971 45

The present study was aimed to examine the status of nutritional and enzymatic antioxidants and oxidative stress indices in blood, skin and brain tissues of sheep with Psoroptic mange. Seventy-five sheep were divided into three equal groups, healthy control (group I, n=25), sub-clinical Psoroptic mange (group II, n=25) and clinical Psoroptic mange (group III, n=25). Lipid peroxides (LPO), zinc, copper, alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and ceruloplasmin concentrations in blood; status of LPO, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) in skin and LPO, SOD, CAT, copper and zinc in brain of sheep were measured. Ascorbic acid, zinc, copper alpha-tocopherol and ceruloplasmin concentrations in blood were significantly decreased in Psoroptic mange in comparison to control. In the skin, CAT, SOD and GST were significantly lowered, whereas LPO was increased in sheep with Psoroptic mange. In the brain, LPO was increased significantly and CAT, SOD activities and copper and zinc concentrations were significantly lower. From the present study, it may be concluded that Psoroptic mange infestation increases oxidative stress and decreases antioxidant status in sheep.
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PMID:Psoroptic mange infestation increases oxidative stress and decreases antioxidant status in sheep. 2004 57